Avaliação de indicadores de Bem Estar em inspecção higiosanitária de frangos abatidos para consumo
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2010
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O Bem Estar animal é um tema que cada vez mais preocupa a opinião pública.
Dentro dos actuais sistemas de produção animal a produção de frangos é um dos mais intensivos, o que gera problemas específicos relativos não só à saúde das aves como também ao Bem Estar.
Durante a vida de um frango existem várias circunstâncias que podem pôr em causa o seu Bem Estar. O sobrecrescimento, as condições ambientais adversas, a sobrelotação, o stress, o mau manuseamento das aves e os sistemas de insensibilização inadequados são situações que contribuem para a degradação do Bem Estar das aves, e que portanto devem ser controladas.
O presente estudo teve como principal objectivo estudar as lesões que podem ser utilizadas a nível do matadouro como indicadores de Bem Estar dos frangos durante a sua fase de produção e durante a apanha, transporte e pendura. Os indicadores utilizados para o controlo de Bem Estar na exploração foram as dermatites de contacto. Os indicadores de Bem Estar para a apanha, transporte e pendura foram os traumatismos. Para tal, durante o período da componente prática num matadouro de frangos, foram acompanhados todos os actos de inspecção sanitária e foram avaliados 264036 broilers e 29704 frangos do campo.
As dermatites das almofadas plantares são as dermatites de contacto que melhor reflectem a situação de Bem Estar. Estas são caracterizadas por hiperqueratose, erosão e descoloração da pele numa fase inicial e por ulcerações em fases mais avançadas.
A prevalência das dermatites das almofadas plantares em broilers foi estimada em 49% de lesões graves e 29% de lesões ligeiras. Dos 56 lotes avaliados 48 ultrapassaram o valor aceitável para essas lesões. A prevalência das outras dermatites de contacto foi de 8% para as queimaduras do tarso e 0,52% para as queimaduras do peito.
Foram contabilizados traumatismos em 0,57% das aves avaliadas.
Para além do trabalho prático realizado no matadouro de aves também acompanhei durante 4 meses os actos de inspecção higio-sanitária num matadouro de reses, cujos resultados de inspecção ficaram registados em anexo.
The animal welfare is a subject that concerns very much the public opinion nowadays. In the actual animal production systems the production of poultry is one of the more intensives, which leads to specific problems related not only with the birds health but also with the welfare. During a poultry life there are several circumstances that can put in risk their welfare. Overgrowing, adverse environmental conditions, overcrowding, stress, bad birds management and inappropriate insensibilization systems are situations that contribute for the degradation of birds welfare, so they must be controlled. The present study had as main objective the study of the lesions that may be used in the slaughterhouse as indicators of welfare in poultry during production and transport. The indicators used for welfare control in exploitation were contact dermatitis. The welfare indicators used for catching, transport and hanging were traumatisms. For that during the practice period in the poultry slaughterhouse, all the inspection acts were accompanied and were evaluated 264036 broilers and 29704 field poultry. The plantar dermatitis from all contact dermatitis are the ones that better reflect the welfare situation. These are characterized by hiperqueratosis, erosion and skin discoloration in the initial phase and by ulcerations in more advanced stages. The plantar dermatitis prevalence in broilers was estimated in 49% severe lesions and 29% slight lesions. Of the 56 evaluated lots 48 exceeded the acceptable level for those lesions. The contact dermatitis prevalence was 8% for the shank burns and 0,52% for the chest lesions. From the evaluated birds 0,57% had traumatisms. Despite the practice work done in the birds slaughterhouse I also fallowed the inspection acts in a cattle slaughterhouse during 4 months, the results from inspection there are recorded in annexes.
The animal welfare is a subject that concerns very much the public opinion nowadays. In the actual animal production systems the production of poultry is one of the more intensives, which leads to specific problems related not only with the birds health but also with the welfare. During a poultry life there are several circumstances that can put in risk their welfare. Overgrowing, adverse environmental conditions, overcrowding, stress, bad birds management and inappropriate insensibilization systems are situations that contribute for the degradation of birds welfare, so they must be controlled. The present study had as main objective the study of the lesions that may be used in the slaughterhouse as indicators of welfare in poultry during production and transport. The indicators used for welfare control in exploitation were contact dermatitis. The welfare indicators used for catching, transport and hanging were traumatisms. For that during the practice period in the poultry slaughterhouse, all the inspection acts were accompanied and were evaluated 264036 broilers and 29704 field poultry. The plantar dermatitis from all contact dermatitis are the ones that better reflect the welfare situation. These are characterized by hiperqueratosis, erosion and skin discoloration in the initial phase and by ulcerations in more advanced stages. The plantar dermatitis prevalence in broilers was estimated in 49% severe lesions and 29% slight lesions. Of the 56 evaluated lots 48 exceeded the acceptable level for those lesions. The contact dermatitis prevalence was 8% for the shank burns and 0,52% for the chest lesions. From the evaluated birds 0,57% had traumatisms. Despite the practice work done in the birds slaughterhouse I also fallowed the inspection acts in a cattle slaughterhouse during 4 months, the results from inspection there are recorded in annexes.
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Dissertação de Mestrado Integrado de Medicina Veterinária