Sistema de controlo de versões em mundos virtuais para negociação de configurações espaciais
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Data
2010
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Resumo
Esta tese pretende dar um contributo aos processos educativos realizados em escolas do 1º ciclo do Ensino Básico que assentam em actividades colaborativas onde as crianças, enquanto turma, devem tomar decisões relativamente à configuração dos vários espaços do ambiente escolar.
O contributo proposto nesta tese assenta numa mediação tecnológica destas actividades através do uso de ambientes virtuais tridimensionais multiutilizador. Estes ambientes, adequando-se especialmente bem a actividades desta natureza, podem ser desenhados para auxiliar o professor na mediação das mesmas. Desta forma, uma ferramenta inovadora baseada em sistemas de controlo de versões, introduzida no cerne de um destes ambientes, é aqui proposta para auxiliar os professores na gestão das propostas feitas pelas crianças. Esta ferramenta visa responder a alguns desafios respeitantes à dinamização destas actividades, uma vez que o professor deve incentivar as crianças a submeterem propostas individuais mas, ao mesmo tempo, encorajá-las a verem-se como parte de um grupo social (a turma) que deve entrar em negociação para chegar a uma proposta final consensual. Este sistema de controlo de versões, especialmente adaptado para estas actividades, parece ter-se revelado pertinente para a gestão destas propostas, oferecendo formas originais de chegar a uma proposta consensual.
Desta forma, esta tese descreve todo o processo de investigação onde se desenvolveu um protótipo assente nestas tecnologias, investigação essa feita à luz de pressupostos construtivistas de investigação interpretativa. Para este efeito, observaram-se dois contextos escolares do 1º ciclo do ensino básico, onde estas actividades foram realizadas. Em concreto, descreve-se como se usou uma metodologia de investigação proposta por Alexei Leontiev, a Teoria da Actividade, que começa a ganhar popularidade em investigação em informática, onde a pertinência e validade de uma ferramenta é estudada pela forma como provoca alterações positivas na natureza da actividade.
Os resultados observados parecem mostrar que os ambientes virtuais tridimensionais multi-utilizador, adaptados de forma a incluírem um mecanismo de gestão das várias propostas feitas pelas crianças, podem oferecer novas formas de criar e gerir actividades de negociação de configuração de espaços.
This thesis‟ aim is to be a contribution to the educational processes in primary schools that are supported by collaborative activities where children, as a class, need to make decisions regarding the spatial configuration of parts of its environment. This contribution is based on a technological mediation of such activities, through the use of three-dimensional multi-user virtual environments. Such environments, which are adequate to this kind of activities, may be designed to help the teacher mediating those activities. This way, an innovative tool based in version control systems, placed at the core of one such environment, is proposed herein, to assist the teacher in the management of the children-made proposals. The tool aims to tackle some challenges regarding the development of such activities. Specifically, the teacher must encourage children to submit individual proposals but also, at the same time, encourage them to see themselves as part of a social group (the class), which must assemble to conduct a negotiation process in order to reach a final, consensual proposal. This version control system, which is specially adapted to this kind of activities, was found adequate for management of these proposals, offering original ways of reaching consensus. This way, this thesis describes the entire research process, which involved the development of a prototype based on these technologies. This research was conducted on constructivist interpretative research grounds. For this purpose, two primary school contexts where observed, and negotiation activities created. In particular, it is described inside how the Activity Theory research methodology proposed by Alexei Leontiev was used (an approach that is gaining popularity in computer science research). The feasibility and validity of the tool are studied by the perspective of it as a cause of positive changes in the nature of the educational activity. The observed results indicate that three-dimensional multi-user virtual environments, when adapted to include a mechanism for managing the proposals done by children, may offer new ways for creating and managing activities of negotiation of spatial configurations.
This thesis‟ aim is to be a contribution to the educational processes in primary schools that are supported by collaborative activities where children, as a class, need to make decisions regarding the spatial configuration of parts of its environment. This contribution is based on a technological mediation of such activities, through the use of three-dimensional multi-user virtual environments. Such environments, which are adequate to this kind of activities, may be designed to help the teacher mediating those activities. This way, an innovative tool based in version control systems, placed at the core of one such environment, is proposed herein, to assist the teacher in the management of the children-made proposals. The tool aims to tackle some challenges regarding the development of such activities. Specifically, the teacher must encourage children to submit individual proposals but also, at the same time, encourage them to see themselves as part of a social group (the class), which must assemble to conduct a negotiation process in order to reach a final, consensual proposal. This version control system, which is specially adapted to this kind of activities, was found adequate for management of these proposals, offering original ways of reaching consensus. This way, this thesis describes the entire research process, which involved the development of a prototype based on these technologies. This research was conducted on constructivist interpretative research grounds. For this purpose, two primary school contexts where observed, and negotiation activities created. In particular, it is described inside how the Activity Theory research methodology proposed by Alexei Leontiev was used (an approach that is gaining popularity in computer science research). The feasibility and validity of the tool are studied by the perspective of it as a cause of positive changes in the nature of the educational activity. The observed results indicate that three-dimensional multi-user virtual environments, when adapted to include a mechanism for managing the proposals done by children, may offer new ways for creating and managing activities of negotiation of spatial configurations.
Descrição
Tese de Doutoramento em Informática
Palavras-chave
Mundo virtual , Sistema de controlo de versões , Movimento da Escola Moderna