Efeitos do método de pilates: em populações saudáveis
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Data
2011
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Esta tese teve como principal objectivo o conhecer as evidências científicas dos efeitos do método de Pilates, em populações saudáveis. Com este intuito, foram realizados um estudo de revisão sistemática e dois estudos experimentais, aleatórios e controlados (RCTs).
O estudo de revisão sistemática analisou dezasseis RCTs, aplicou uma escala de avaliação da qualidade metodológica e avaliou a força da evidência das variáveis de saúde e de performance investigadas. Tendo como referência teórica os princípios e a filosofia do método de Pilates, os estudos experimentais consistiram numa intervenção de um programa de Pilates no colchão, durante seis meses, em mulheres adultas saudáveis, e foram observadas melhorias em parâmetros psicológicos, nomeadamente na satisfação com a vida, no autoconceito físico e na percepção do estado de saúde, e em variáveis de alinhamento postural, designadamente no alinhamento frontal dos ombros, e no alinhamento sagital da cabeça e da pélvis.
Conclusões da tese indicam uma evidência forte, que suporta o uso do método de Pilates, na melhoria da flexibilidade e do equilíbrio dinâmico; uma evidência moderada, na melhoria da resistência muscular; uma evidência limitada, na melhoria no tempo de reacção, no número de quedas, na satisfação com a vida, no autoconceito físico, na percepção do estado de saúde, na espessura do abdominal transverso e do oblíquo interno, durante a realização de exercícios do método de Pilates. Verificou-se, igualmente, uma evidência limitada, na ausência de alterações na espessura do abdominal transverso e no oblíquo interno, em repouso ou durante posturas funcionais. Não foram encontradas quaisquer evidências, nas restantes variáveis.
The over-arching objective of this thesis was to advance the scientific understanding of the Pilates method of exercise in healthy adult populations. To accomplish this objective, one systematic review and two experimental, randomized controlled studies (RCTs) were conducted. The purpose of the systematic review was to analyze the current scientific evidence on the effectiveness of the Pilates method of exercise on selected outcomes in healthy adult populations. Sixteen RCTs were abstracted and rated using established scales to measure methodological quality and strength of evidence. With the principles and philosophy of Pilates method of exercise as a theoretical reference, the experimental studies consisted of an intervention in Pilates matwork program, for six months, in healthy adult females, and improvements were observed in the psychological parameters (life satisfaction, physical self concept and perception of health status) and in physical parameters of postural alignment (frontal alignment of the shoulders and sagital alignment of the head and pelvis). The conclusions of the thesis indicate strong evidence that supports the use of the Pilates method to improve flexibility and dynamic balance; moderate evidence to improve muscular endurance; and limited evidence to improve reaction of time, number of falls, life satisfaction, physical self concept and perception of health status, thickness of transversus abdominis and obliquus internus, during the exercises of Pilates method. There was also limited evidence in the absence of changes in the thickness of the transversus abdominis and obliquus internus at rest and during functional postures. There was no evidence in the remaining variables studied.
The over-arching objective of this thesis was to advance the scientific understanding of the Pilates method of exercise in healthy adult populations. To accomplish this objective, one systematic review and two experimental, randomized controlled studies (RCTs) were conducted. The purpose of the systematic review was to analyze the current scientific evidence on the effectiveness of the Pilates method of exercise on selected outcomes in healthy adult populations. Sixteen RCTs were abstracted and rated using established scales to measure methodological quality and strength of evidence. With the principles and philosophy of Pilates method of exercise as a theoretical reference, the experimental studies consisted of an intervention in Pilates matwork program, for six months, in healthy adult females, and improvements were observed in the psychological parameters (life satisfaction, physical self concept and perception of health status) and in physical parameters of postural alignment (frontal alignment of the shoulders and sagital alignment of the head and pelvis). The conclusions of the thesis indicate strong evidence that supports the use of the Pilates method to improve flexibility and dynamic balance; moderate evidence to improve muscular endurance; and limited evidence to improve reaction of time, number of falls, life satisfaction, physical self concept and perception of health status, thickness of transversus abdominis and obliquus internus, during the exercises of Pilates method. There was also limited evidence in the absence of changes in the thickness of the transversus abdominis and obliquus internus at rest and during functional postures. There was no evidence in the remaining variables studied.
Descrição
Tese de Doutoramento em Ciências de Desporto
Palavras-chave
Treino de pilates , Parâmetros psicológicos , Alinhamento postural , Revisão sistemática