Fenótipo e dermatoglífia de ginastas segundo os estágios pré e pós pubertários
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2012
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O presente estudo teve por objetivo a caracterização e comparação das variáveis fenotípicas (peso, estatura, IMC, somatotipia, flexibilidade, força explosiva e coordenação motora) e características dermatoglíficas entre 125 atletas e praticantes de Ginástica Rítmica de 7 a 25 anos no Brasil, divididas segundo as seguintes categorias: diferentes níveis competitivos (Internacional, Nacional e Estadual), e praticantes da modalidade nos estágios pré e pós pubertários. Os protocolos utilizados foram: Somatótipo pelo método de Heath e Carter (ISAK, 2000); Coordenação por Burpee; Impulsão vertical com Sargent Jump Test (Sargent, 1921); Goniometria de perna e tronco para a mensuração da flexibilidade (E. H. M. Dantas, Carvalho, & Fonseca, 1997); Protocolo de Característica Genética pelo Método Dermatoglífico de Cummins e Midlo (1961). Empregou-se o método descritivo, delineamento quase experimental. Objetivando estudar as categorias, aplicou-se a estatística descritiva com cálculo das medidas de posição e dispersão. A análise inferencial, para as variáveis contínuas, foi empregada com o intuito de verificar a existência de diferenças estatisticamente significativas entre os grupos das praticantes Menarcadas, Não menarcadas, atletas Estadual, atletas Nacional e atletas de Nível Internacional, para tanto se aplicou a Análise de Variância (ANOVA), definindo a significância do teste para p<0,05, e posteriormente o teste de Tuckey. Na análise inferencial, para as variáveis discretas, utilizou-se o teste não paramétrico de Kruskal-Wallis e Dunn’s. Foram encontradas diferenças significativas entre os grupos nas variáveis Peso, Estatura, Endomorfia, Mesomorfia, Coordenação, Impulsão Vertical, Goniometria de perna e tronco e SQTL. Pode-se concluir que as duas categorias mais homogêneas do presente estudo foram de Nível Nacional e Estadual. Em contrapartida, as duas categorias mais heterogêneas foram as Não Menarcadas e o Nível internacional.
The present study focused on identifying and comparing the fenotype (weight, heigh, BMI, somatotype, coordination, explosive strengh and flexibility) and dermatoglyphical characteristics of 125 Brazilian athletes and practitioners of Rhythmic Gymnastics of different levels of qualification from 7 to 25 years old, divided into the following categories: Different competitive levels (International, National and Regional) and pre and post menarcheal practitioners. The protocols used therein were: Heath & Carter (ISAK, 2000) (somatotype), Burpee (coordination), Sargent Jump test (1921), Goniometry (flexibility) and Cummins and Midlo (1961) (dermatoglyphic). The descriptive study was applied. In order to define the profile of the data collected, the descriptive statistics with measurements of position and dispersion were estimated. The Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) was applied. Inferencial analysis, for continuous variables, was used in order to identify the existence of significant statistical differences among the Menarched, Non Menarched, International Level, National Level and Regional Level. Afterwards the Post Hoc Tuckey test was applied. The Inferencial analysis, for discrete nature variables, used Kruskal-Wallis e Dunn’s. Significant statistic differences were found in the following variables: weight, height, endomorphy, mesomorphy, coordination, explosive strengh and flexibility and SQTL. It is concluded that the most similar categories in the present study were tha national and Regional levels, on the other hand, the most different categories were the pre menarcheal and the International level.
The present study focused on identifying and comparing the fenotype (weight, heigh, BMI, somatotype, coordination, explosive strengh and flexibility) and dermatoglyphical characteristics of 125 Brazilian athletes and practitioners of Rhythmic Gymnastics of different levels of qualification from 7 to 25 years old, divided into the following categories: Different competitive levels (International, National and Regional) and pre and post menarcheal practitioners. The protocols used therein were: Heath & Carter (ISAK, 2000) (somatotype), Burpee (coordination), Sargent Jump test (1921), Goniometry (flexibility) and Cummins and Midlo (1961) (dermatoglyphic). The descriptive study was applied. In order to define the profile of the data collected, the descriptive statistics with measurements of position and dispersion were estimated. The Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) was applied. Inferencial analysis, for continuous variables, was used in order to identify the existence of significant statistical differences among the Menarched, Non Menarched, International Level, National Level and Regional Level. Afterwards the Post Hoc Tuckey test was applied. The Inferencial analysis, for discrete nature variables, used Kruskal-Wallis e Dunn’s. Significant statistic differences were found in the following variables: weight, height, endomorphy, mesomorphy, coordination, explosive strengh and flexibility and SQTL. It is concluded that the most similar categories in the present study were tha national and Regional levels, on the other hand, the most different categories were the pre menarcheal and the International level.
Descrição
Tese de Doutoramento em Ciências do Desporto
Palavras-chave
Ginástica rítmica , Dermatoglifia , Somatotipia , Qualidades físicas