Jogos reduzidos em futebol - Efeitos da Aprendizagem do Jogo e do Número de Balizas nos Indicadores Técnico-Tácticos, na Frequência Cardíaca e Percepção Subjectiva de Esforço, em Situações de Jogo de 6x6, com Alunas Universitárias
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2010
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O objectivo deste estudo baseou-se na investigação dos efeitos da aprendizagem do jogo nos indicadores ITT, FC, e PSE e verificar os efeitos nestas variáveis com a utilização de dois jogos reduzidos com diferentes objectivos tácticos.
Participaram 12 jogadoras, com idade de 20,8 ± 1,6 anos, estatura 160 ± 0,04 cm, peso 58,6 ± 7,0 kg e 6,1 ± 2,1 anos de prática do futebol. Os Exercícios tiveram a duração de 12 minutos num espaço de jogo 60x40m. Em cada jogo foi registada a FC e a PSE de cada jogador e efectuada a filmagem para posterior análise das acções técnico-tácticas.
Realizamos uma análise descritiva de todos os dados. A análise inferencial das variáveis ITTI e ITTC foi realizada através da comparação efectuada pela Anova de Friedman. Nos casos onde foram identificadas diferenças, foi utilizado o teste de Wilcoxon para as discriminar. O cálculo estatístico foi realizado através do software de tratamento estatístico SPSS para Windows, versão 16.0 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL) e a significância estatística foi mantida em 5%.
Na análise das acções técnico- tácticas individuais e colectivas, observamos diferenças significativas sobretudo entre o Ex1 e Ex2, enquanto que entre Ex2 e Ex3 apenas encontramos no número de acções finalizadas e golos.
Durante os JR, a FC dos jogadores situou-se grande parte do tempo acima dos 90,0% da FC Max, a situação de jogo mais intensa foi a do JR1, formato utilizado só com uma baliza. A PSE aumentou o seu valor com o desenvolvimento dos JR, sendo o JR3 foi percepcionado como o mais intenso pelos jogadores. Estes resultados permitiram concluir que a manipulação do número de balizas permite aumentar as acções técnicas directamente ligadas com a obtenção dos golos.
A intensidade dos JR intercalou momentos de grande esforço com períodos de menor intensidade. A PSE em colaboração com a monitorização pode funcionar como um bom indicador da intensidade do esforço.
The purpose of this study was based on research into the effects of learning the game indicators ITT, FC, and PSE and to verify the effects of these variables with reduced use of two sets with different tactical objectives. Participants were 12 players, aged 20.8 ± 1.6 years, height 160 ± 0.04 cm, weight 58.6 ± 7.0 kg and 6.1 ± 2.1 years of football practice. The exercises lasted for 12 minutes in a game space 60x40m. In each game was recorded HR and RPE of each player and made the film for subsequent analysis of technical and tactical actions. We conducted a descriptive analysis of all data. The inferential analysis of the variables and Itti ITTC was accomplished through the comparison made by the Friedman Anova. In cases where differences were identified, we used the Wilcoxon test to discriminate. The statistical calculation was performed using the statistical software SPSS for Windows, version 16.0 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL) and statistical significance was maintained at 5%. In the analysis of technical-tactical actions either individually and significant differences particularly between Ex1 and Ex2, while between Ex2 and Ex3 found only in the number of completed actions and goals. During the JR, the HR of the players stood much of their time above the 90.0% of HR Max, the situation was the most intense game of JR1, format used with only one goal. The PSE has increased its value to the development of JR, with the JR3 was perceived as more intense by the players. These results showed that manipulating the number of beacons allows you to increase technical activities directly related to the achievement of goals. The intensity of JR interspersed moments of great stress with periods of lower intensity. The PSE in collaboration with the monitoring can serve as a good indicator of the intensity of effort.
The purpose of this study was based on research into the effects of learning the game indicators ITT, FC, and PSE and to verify the effects of these variables with reduced use of two sets with different tactical objectives. Participants were 12 players, aged 20.8 ± 1.6 years, height 160 ± 0.04 cm, weight 58.6 ± 7.0 kg and 6.1 ± 2.1 years of football practice. The exercises lasted for 12 minutes in a game space 60x40m. In each game was recorded HR and RPE of each player and made the film for subsequent analysis of technical and tactical actions. We conducted a descriptive analysis of all data. The inferential analysis of the variables and Itti ITTC was accomplished through the comparison made by the Friedman Anova. In cases where differences were identified, we used the Wilcoxon test to discriminate. The statistical calculation was performed using the statistical software SPSS for Windows, version 16.0 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL) and statistical significance was maintained at 5%. In the analysis of technical-tactical actions either individually and significant differences particularly between Ex1 and Ex2, while between Ex2 and Ex3 found only in the number of completed actions and goals. During the JR, the HR of the players stood much of their time above the 90.0% of HR Max, the situation was the most intense game of JR1, format used with only one goal. The PSE has increased its value to the development of JR, with the JR3 was perceived as more intense by the players. These results showed that manipulating the number of beacons allows you to increase technical activities directly related to the achievement of goals. The intensity of JR interspersed moments of great stress with periods of lower intensity. The PSE in collaboration with the monitoring can serve as a good indicator of the intensity of effort.
Descrição
Dissertação de Mestrado em Ciências do Desporto com Especialização em Jogos Desportivos Colectivos
Palavras-chave
Jogos Reduzidos , Indicadores Técnico-Tácticos , Percepção Subjectiva do Esforço , Frequência Cardíaca