Definição dos Aspectos para Avaliar a Qualidade de Projectos de Acústica de Edifícios de Habitação
Data
2009
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Resumo
Os utilizadores estão cada vez mais preocupados com a qualidade dos edifícios de habitação aquando da sua aquisição. O conforto e qualidade de vida dos mesmos são influenciados directamente pela qualidade dos edifícios que habitam.
Com este trabalho pretende-se dar um contributo para a elaboração de uma proposta de avaliação e certificação do comportamento acústico de edifícios de habitação através da definição dos principais aspectos a avaliar e da definição do processo de avaliação das paredes de separação entre compartimentos de um fogo (emissor) e quartos ou zonas de estar de outro fogo (receptor). Pretende-se ainda sensibilizar os projectistas para a necessidade de uma melhoria da qualidade do comportamento acústico dos edifícios de habitação.
No sentido de identificar os aspectos a avaliar, foram analisados os projectos de comportamento acústico de edifícios de habitação multifamiliares licenciados no Município de Vila Real nos anos de 2007 e 2008. Posteriormente, os resultados obtidos foram comparados com os resultados existentes, referentes à análise dos projectos licenciados em 2003 e 2005 [1].
Esta análise englobou o estudo dos projectos de arquitectura e acústica, no sentido de verificar a conformidade entre os mesmos e quais os aspectos do projecto de acústica em que ocorriam mais problemas.
Verificou-se que, num elevado número de casos, existe falta de conformidade entre os projectos de arquitectura e acústica e ausência de informação, nomeadamente no que respeita a soluções construtivas.
Constatou-se também, que na elaboração do projecto de acústica não são considerados os ruídos provenientes de equipamentos colectivos. Nas paredes entre fogos e em pavimentos entre zonas comuns ou comerciais, alguns projectos não cumprem os requisitos mínimos do Regulamento dos Requisitos Acústicos de Edifícios (RRAE).
Os aspectos propostos para avaliação foram os seguintes:
- Conformidade entre as peças escritas e desenhadas do projecto de arquitectura;
- Conformidade entre as peças escritas e desenhadas do projecto de acústica;
- Conformidade entre as peças escritas e desenhadas do projecto de arquitectura/ acústica;
- Verificação dos parâmetros acústicos impostos pelo RRAE.
Users are becoming more and more concerned with the quality of residential buildings at the moment of their acquisition. Their comfort and living conditions are directly influenced by the quality of the buildings that they inhabit. This work is intended to be a contribution to develop a proposal for a method to evaluate and certificate the acoustic behaviour of residential buildings, through the definition of the main aspects to be evaluated. A process to evaluate the separation walls between compartments of a home (issuer), and bedrooms or living areas of another home (receiver) was implemented. It is also intended to build awareness in designers to the necessity of an improvement in the quality of the acoustic behaviour of residential buildings. In order to identify the aspects to be evaluated, the acoustic behaviour designs of multistorey residential buildings licensed in Vila Real in 2007 and 2008 were analysed. Later, the results were compared to existing data regarding the analysis of the licensed designs in 2003 and 2005. This analysis covers the study of the architectural and acoustic designs, with the intent to check existing discrepancies. Another target was to identify the main problems that occur in the acoustic designs. In a very large number of designs, the architectural design was nor in accordance with the acoustics design. In both the architectural design and the acoustics design important information is often missing, mainly in what concerns the definition of the constructive solutions. In the acoustic design, the noise from collective equipment of the building is not considered. In some designs, the walls between dwellings and the floors between the dwellings and common or commercial areas do not fulfil the requirements of the Acoustics Requirements Regulation of Buildings (RRAE). The proposed aspects to be evaluated are the following: - Accordance between the written and drawn parts of the architectural design; - Accordance between the written and drawn parts of the acoustic design; - Accordance between the written and drawn parts of the architectural and acoustic designs; - Compliance with the acoustic parameters established by the RRAE.
Users are becoming more and more concerned with the quality of residential buildings at the moment of their acquisition. Their comfort and living conditions are directly influenced by the quality of the buildings that they inhabit. This work is intended to be a contribution to develop a proposal for a method to evaluate and certificate the acoustic behaviour of residential buildings, through the definition of the main aspects to be evaluated. A process to evaluate the separation walls between compartments of a home (issuer), and bedrooms or living areas of another home (receiver) was implemented. It is also intended to build awareness in designers to the necessity of an improvement in the quality of the acoustic behaviour of residential buildings. In order to identify the aspects to be evaluated, the acoustic behaviour designs of multistorey residential buildings licensed in Vila Real in 2007 and 2008 were analysed. Later, the results were compared to existing data regarding the analysis of the licensed designs in 2003 and 2005. This analysis covers the study of the architectural and acoustic designs, with the intent to check existing discrepancies. Another target was to identify the main problems that occur in the acoustic designs. In a very large number of designs, the architectural design was nor in accordance with the acoustics design. In both the architectural design and the acoustics design important information is often missing, mainly in what concerns the definition of the constructive solutions. In the acoustic design, the noise from collective equipment of the building is not considered. In some designs, the walls between dwellings and the floors between the dwellings and common or commercial areas do not fulfil the requirements of the Acoustics Requirements Regulation of Buildings (RRAE). The proposed aspects to be evaluated are the following: - Accordance between the written and drawn parts of the architectural design; - Accordance between the written and drawn parts of the acoustic design; - Accordance between the written and drawn parts of the architectural and acoustic designs; - Compliance with the acoustic parameters established by the RRAE.
Descrição
Dissertação de Mestrado em Engenharia Civil
Palavras-chave
Qualidade , Comportamento acústico , Projectos de licenciamento de edifícios de habitação , Conforto