Um estudo informático-lexical e didáctico das Fábulas de Esopo, La Fontaine e Teófilo Braga
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2014-11-12
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O nosso estudo baseia-se no facto do mundo onde nos inserimos estar em constante evolução nos mais variados quadrantes.
Atendendo a essa evolução, aspiramos fundamentar como é primordial a escola actual integrar as novas tecnologias nos currículos e programas escolares, no caso particular da disciplina de Português, através, a título de exemplo, da inserção de programas de análise informático-lexical que permitem quantificar e avaliar a riqueza lexical de textos.
A fim de demonstrar a importância da(s) língua(s) e mais peculiarmente do léxico que a(s) compõe(m), procedemos a uma análise da ciência que o estuda, a Lexicologia, abordando as relações que mantém com outros campos da Linguística, nomeadamente a Semântica e Morfologia lexicais, de modo a apresentar vários estudos possíveis relacionados com os significados e as formas das palavras, assim como o carácter mutável do léxico.
Apresentamos ainda como as novas tecnologias, e mais especificamente a Lexicometria, vieram auxiliar e facilitar o trabalho do linguista ao tornar os dados mais objectivos, de modo a justificar o seu uso no contexto escolar.
Entre diversos programas informático-lexicais existentes, escolhemos o NooJ criado por Max Silberztein e exemplificamos a sua aplicação com o intuito de demonstrar algumas das suas diversas valências, utilizando um género literário estudado nos segundo e terceiro ciclos do ensino básico em Portugal, designadamente a fábula. Fundamentamos a escolha da fábula por ser um tipo de texto já contemplado nas salas de aula de Português, mas também pela transmissão de lições, morais e valores que lhe é inerente. Mostramos assim como o NooJ possibilita a aquisição de vocabulário e, sequencialmente, de valores essenciais na nossa sociedade.
As demonstrações expostas revelam como os programas informático-lexicais podem ser um suporte inovador e motivador às didácticas da língua, mas também da literatura, tratando-se de uma base de trabalho para os professores e instrumento de trabalho para os alunos, fazendo evoluir o sistema educativo, as metodologias, bem como os próprios intervenientes no processo de ensino/aprendizagem.
This thesis is based on the fact that the world is in constant evolution in its several quadrants. Considering that evolution, we hope to demonstrate the importance of the integration of the new technologies in the school curriculums and programs, particularly in the Portuguese course, through the insertion of lexical analysis computer programs that enables the quantification and evaluation of the texts’ lexical variety. In order to determine the significance of the languages, specifically their lexicon, we analyze the science that studies it, the Lexicology, studying its relation with the other extents of the Linguistics, particularly the lexicon Semantics and Morphology, illustrating several possible studies related to the words’ meanings and forms, and the changeable nature of the lexicon. We also prove how the new technologies, specifically the Lexicometric, assist and facilitate the linguistic work by making the data more accurate, justifying its use in the school context. Among the several lexical computer programs available, we choose the NooJ, developed by Max Silberztein, and we demonstrate some of its diverse applications, using a literary genre studied in the lower secondary stage of education in Portugal, the Fable. We elect the fable because it’s a literary genre already in use in the Portuguese classrooms, but also for the inherent moral lessons that characterizes this type of text. In fact, the NooJ enables the acquisition of vocabulary and, sequentially, essential moral values in our society. The given examples reveal how the lexical computer programs can be an innovating and motivating support to the literature and language didactic, being a work-base for teachers and a tool for students, developing the educational system, the methodologies, as well as the participants in the teaching/learning process.
This thesis is based on the fact that the world is in constant evolution in its several quadrants. Considering that evolution, we hope to demonstrate the importance of the integration of the new technologies in the school curriculums and programs, particularly in the Portuguese course, through the insertion of lexical analysis computer programs that enables the quantification and evaluation of the texts’ lexical variety. In order to determine the significance of the languages, specifically their lexicon, we analyze the science that studies it, the Lexicology, studying its relation with the other extents of the Linguistics, particularly the lexicon Semantics and Morphology, illustrating several possible studies related to the words’ meanings and forms, and the changeable nature of the lexicon. We also prove how the new technologies, specifically the Lexicometric, assist and facilitate the linguistic work by making the data more accurate, justifying its use in the school context. Among the several lexical computer programs available, we choose the NooJ, developed by Max Silberztein, and we demonstrate some of its diverse applications, using a literary genre studied in the lower secondary stage of education in Portugal, the Fable. We elect the fable because it’s a literary genre already in use in the Portuguese classrooms, but also for the inherent moral lessons that characterizes this type of text. In fact, the NooJ enables the acquisition of vocabulary and, sequentially, essential moral values in our society. The given examples reveal how the lexical computer programs can be an innovating and motivating support to the literature and language didactic, being a work-base for teachers and a tool for students, developing the educational system, the methodologies, as well as the participants in the teaching/learning process.
Descrição
Tese de Doutoramento em Língua e Literatura Portuguesas
Palavras-chave
Fábulas , Estudo informático-lexical , Didática