Fatores que influenciam a preferência pela via do parto
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2015-06-02
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Introdução: O papel da mulher na escolha pela via do parto não é claro, no entanto sabe-se
que, antecipadamente prefere uma via de parto em detrimento de outra. Essa preferência é
influenciada por diversos fatores. Sejam de ordem social ou cultural, relacionados com a
saúde e o bem-estar pessoal ou do bebé ou com os medos face à incerteza do parto.
Objetivos: O presente estudo teve como objetivo principal identificar quais os fatores que
influenciam a preferência pela via de parto.
Metodologia: Foi realizado um estudo de cariz quantitativo, exploratório, descritivo e
transversal, com a aplicação de um questionário desenvolvido pela própria investigadora
com uma escala de fatores de preferência pela via do parto, validada para o presente
estudo.
Participaram na primeira fase do estudo, 178 mulheres grávidas no terceiro trimestre de
gestação a frequentar a consulta de gravidez de termo do Centro Hospitalar Tâmega e
Sousa, dessas participantes responderam à segunda fase 84.
Resultados: Os resultados revelaram que a maioria das participantes (66,9%) tem
preferência pelo parto vaginal, contrapondo com uma menor preferência pelo parto
distócico por cesariana (9%). No entanto algumas das participantes (24,2%) referiu não ter
preferência pela via do parto. Estabeleceu-se relação entre a idade materna avançada e a
preferência pelo parto por cesariana. A existência de filhos e a informação adquirida com a
experiência de parto anterior também se relaciona com a preferência pela via do parto.
Em relação à escala de fatores da preferência pela via do parto não se revelou
estatisticamente significativa em qualquer uma das suas dimensões. Contudo a dimensão
preocupação com o parto e o bebé, obteve a média mais alta.
Conclusões: Considera-se que este estudo contribui para uma melhor compreensão dos
diversos fatores de preferência pela via do parto. As participantes neste estudo, na sua
maioria preferem o parto vaginal. Salienta-se ainda o seu contributo para o elucidar da
importância do papel do enfermeiro especialista em saúde materna e obstetrícia enquanto
educador para a saúde, evidenciando que a intervenção precoce sobre os fatores
determinantes da preferência pela via do parto poderá ser fundamental na mudança de
opinião.
Introduction: the role of women in choosing the route of delivery is not very clear but it’s known, beforehand, that they prefer one to another. This preference is influence by several factors. Are social or cultural factors, related to personal or the baby’s health and wellness or with fears due to the uncertainty of delivery. Objectives: the main aim for this study was to identify the factors that influence preference for mode of the delivery. Method: a quantitative, exploratory, descriptive and transversal study was made through the use of a questionnaire developed by the researcher with a scale of delivery factors of preference, authenticated for this study. One hundred and seventy-eight women in the third trimester of pregnancy, consulting in the pregnancy consultation in Centro Hospitalar Tâmega e Sousa, took part in the first stage of the study. Of these, eighty-four took part in the second stage. Results: majority of participants (66.9%) have preference for vaginal delivery, contrasting with a lower preference for caesarean dystocia (9%). However some of the participants (24.2%) reported no preference for route of delivery. A relation between advanced maternal age and preference for a caesarean was established. Having children and the information acquired with previous delivery experience is also related to delivery options preferences. The scale of delivery factors of preferences didn’t reveal statistic relevance in any of its dimensions. However, concerns about delivery and the baby, achieved the highest score. Conclusions: this study offers a better understanding of the several preferential factors of delivery choice. The study subjects mainly prefer vaginal delivery. The importance of the specialist nurse in maternal health and obstetrics, as a health educator, was evidenced showing that early intervention on determinants of preference for the route of delivery can be fundamental in changing opinion.
Introduction: the role of women in choosing the route of delivery is not very clear but it’s known, beforehand, that they prefer one to another. This preference is influence by several factors. Are social or cultural factors, related to personal or the baby’s health and wellness or with fears due to the uncertainty of delivery. Objectives: the main aim for this study was to identify the factors that influence preference for mode of the delivery. Method: a quantitative, exploratory, descriptive and transversal study was made through the use of a questionnaire developed by the researcher with a scale of delivery factors of preference, authenticated for this study. One hundred and seventy-eight women in the third trimester of pregnancy, consulting in the pregnancy consultation in Centro Hospitalar Tâmega e Sousa, took part in the first stage of the study. Of these, eighty-four took part in the second stage. Results: majority of participants (66.9%) have preference for vaginal delivery, contrasting with a lower preference for caesarean dystocia (9%). However some of the participants (24.2%) reported no preference for route of delivery. A relation between advanced maternal age and preference for a caesarean was established. Having children and the information acquired with previous delivery experience is also related to delivery options preferences. The scale of delivery factors of preferences didn’t reveal statistic relevance in any of its dimensions. However, concerns about delivery and the baby, achieved the highest score. Conclusions: this study offers a better understanding of the several preferential factors of delivery choice. The study subjects mainly prefer vaginal delivery. The importance of the specialist nurse in maternal health and obstetrics, as a health educator, was evidenced showing that early intervention on determinants of preference for the route of delivery can be fundamental in changing opinion.
Descrição
Dissertação de Mestrado em Enfermagem de Saúde Materna e Obstetrícia
Palavras-chave
Enfermagem obstétrica , Parto normal , Operação cesariana