Imagem corporal em crianças e seus responsáveis: estudo comparativo
Ficheiros
Data
2017-03-02
Autores
Título da revista
ISSN da revista
Título do Volume
Editora
Resumo
Objectivo: Verificar a concordância da imagem corporal real e ideal entre as crianças e os responsáveis pela educação e comparar a imagem real e a insatisfação com a imagem corporal em função do gênero, prevalência de obesidade e da prática de atividade fisica.
Metodologia: A amostra foi constituida por 105 alunos de Ensino Fundamental, com faixa etária de 11 a 13 anos (Média = 11,6 DP ± 0,73), 42 do gênero masculino (40%) 63 do feminino (60%), matriculados em duas Escolas Estaduais da Cidade de Manaus. Para recolher os dados relativos à imagem real e ideal foram utilizadas a escala de silhuetas proposta por Collins (1991). A insatisfação com a imagem foi calculada através da diferença entre a imagem real e ideal. Foi recolhido o peso e altura para o cálculo do Indice de Massa Corporal (IMC) e foram utilizados os valores de IMC do Manual de aplicação de medidas e testes, normas e critérios de avaliação - Projeto Esporte Brasil (2007) para definir a obesidade. Usou-se um questionário para recolha dos dados da atividade desportiva. Para comparar os grupos foi utilizado o teste do qui-quadrado.
Resultado: Observamos que 40,5% dos meninos identificaram-se com a imagem 3 e gostariam de ser a 4 (69%). Relativamente aos pais, a imagem real e ideal dos filhos é a 4 (40,5% e 59,5%). Nas meninas, a imagem real (41,3%) e ideal (76,2%) mais escolhida foi a 4. Os pais vêm as meninas na imagem 3 e 4 (73%) e gostariam que elas fossem a 4 (71,4%). No que diz respeito às diferenças por gênero e atividade fisica as diferenças não foram estatisticamente significativas. Quando se comparou segundo a prevalencia de obesidade, verificou-se que as diferenças são significativas para a imagem real (p = 0,000) e insatisfação (p= 0,000). 76,5 % das crianças obesas identificam-se como tendo um peso normal e a maior parte estão mais insatisfeitas com a sua imagem, pretendo 67,6% emagrecer.
Conclusão: Não existe concordância da imagem real percepcionada pelas crianças e pelos seus pais no gênero masculino, percepccionando os filhos como mais obesos. Relativamente à imagem ideal em ambos os generos e a real apenas no genero feminino, os pais e os filhos estão de acordo. A obesidade foi a única variavel que discriminou a percepção da imagem corporal, percecionando-se as crianças obesas como tendo uma silhueta com peso normal, no entanto, a maior parte pretende perder peso.
Objective: To verify the accordance between the real and ideal body images among children and the ones responsible for their education and compare the real image and the dissatisfaction with their body image according to their gender, presence of obesity and physical activities. Methodology: The sample was built by 105 elementary school students, ages 11 to 13 (Average = 11,6 DP ± 0,73), 42 male gender (40%) 63 female gender (60%), enrolled in two State Schools located in the city of Manaus. In order to collect the data related to the real and ideal images, Collins (1991) silhouette scale was used. The dissatisfaction with the image was calculated with the result of the difference between real and ideal images. Students’ weight and height were used to calculate Body Mass Index (IMC) and the IMC values from the Measures and Tests Application Mannual – Project Esporte Brasil. Weight and height data here collected for to define obesity. A questionnaire was used to collect the physical activity data. In order to compare the groups a qui-square test was used. Results: We have observed that 40,5% of the male students identified themselves with image 3 and would like to look like image 4 (69%). Their parents chose both real and ideal images for their male children as image 4 (40,5% and 59,5%). For the female students, the real image (41,3%) and ideal image (76,2%) was image 4. The female students’ parents saw themin images 3 and 4 (73%) and would like them to look like image 4 (71,4%). There were no differences by gender and physical activity tha were statistically note-worthy. When we compared according to the obisity prevalence, we observed that the differences were meaningful to the real image (p = 0,000) and dissatisfaction (p= 0,000). 76,5% of the obese students identified themselves as normal weight and most are not satisfied with with their image, 67,6% of them intending to lose weight Conclusion: There is no accordance of the real image seen by the students, while their parents in the male gender group, see their children as more obese. Ideal image in both genders and real image only in the female gender, parents and children agree. Obesity was the only variable that showed body image perception, as the obese children saw themselves as a sillhouette of medium weight. Most of them intend to lose weight.
Objective: To verify the accordance between the real and ideal body images among children and the ones responsible for their education and compare the real image and the dissatisfaction with their body image according to their gender, presence of obesity and physical activities. Methodology: The sample was built by 105 elementary school students, ages 11 to 13 (Average = 11,6 DP ± 0,73), 42 male gender (40%) 63 female gender (60%), enrolled in two State Schools located in the city of Manaus. In order to collect the data related to the real and ideal images, Collins (1991) silhouette scale was used. The dissatisfaction with the image was calculated with the result of the difference between real and ideal images. Students’ weight and height were used to calculate Body Mass Index (IMC) and the IMC values from the Measures and Tests Application Mannual – Project Esporte Brasil. Weight and height data here collected for to define obesity. A questionnaire was used to collect the physical activity data. In order to compare the groups a qui-square test was used. Results: We have observed that 40,5% of the male students identified themselves with image 3 and would like to look like image 4 (69%). Their parents chose both real and ideal images for their male children as image 4 (40,5% and 59,5%). For the female students, the real image (41,3%) and ideal image (76,2%) was image 4. The female students’ parents saw themin images 3 and 4 (73%) and would like them to look like image 4 (71,4%). There were no differences by gender and physical activity tha were statistically note-worthy. When we compared according to the obisity prevalence, we observed that the differences were meaningful to the real image (p = 0,000) and dissatisfaction (p= 0,000). 76,5% of the obese students identified themselves as normal weight and most are not satisfied with with their image, 67,6% of them intending to lose weight Conclusion: There is no accordance of the real image seen by the students, while their parents in the male gender group, see their children as more obese. Ideal image in both genders and real image only in the female gender, parents and children agree. Obesity was the only variable that showed body image perception, as the obese children saw themselves as a sillhouette of medium weight. Most of them intend to lose weight.
Descrição
Dissertação de Mestrado em Educação Física,
Especialização em Desenvolvimento da Criança
Palavras-chave
Imagem corporal , Crianças , Obesidade , Atividade física