Efeito da execução de exercícios de treino de força com baixa intensidade e restrição do fluxo sanguíneo na resposta hormonal aguda
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2016
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A hipertrofia muscular (HM) é um dos objetivos mais procurados pelos frequentadores de academia. Recentemente é sugerido um método de obtenção de HM através do uso de treino de força (TF), com a utilização de baixas cargas (20% da 1RM) e restrição do fluxo sanguíneo (BI+RFS). Na literatura científica é apresentado como um dos principais fatores que faz com que esta metodologia proporcione HM é o stress metabólico. O stress metabólico vai proporcionar uma resposta hormonal. Contudo, o efeito desta metodologia na resposta hormonal aguda ainda é pouco conhecida. Desta forma, o objetivo do presente estudo é observar o efeito da execução de exercícios de treino de força seguindo a metodologia de BI+RFS na resposta hormonal aguda e comparar com a metodologia tradicional do uso de altas intensidades (HI). Foram registadas as seguintes hormonas: Testosterona (T), cortisol (C), hormona do crescimento (HC)) e a proteína de transporte da IGF-1 do tipo 3, (IGFBP-3) nos momentos antes, logo após e 15 minutos após. A amostra foi constituída de 10 participantes, do sexo masculino com idade compreendida entre os 22,50±3,24 anos, aparentemente saudáveis e praticantes de treino de força há pelo menos 6 meses. Todos os participantes executaram, de forma randomizada, em 2 sessões (BI+RFS e HI), separadas por 7 dias, no mesmo horário (± 8.00 h) e com a alimentação do dia prévio controlada e um pequeno almoço padronizado. Para análise inferencial foi usada uma ANOVA para medidas repetidas com o modelo 3 momentos x 2 sessões, com post hoc de Bonferroni. O nível de significância foi mantido em 5%. Foi observado na HI um aumento na concentração sanguínea de HC e de IGFBP-3 (3846,82% e 14,61%, respetivamente), significativo (p=0,34 e p=0,013), entre o momento pré e 15 minutos após sessão de exercícios nas concentrações de HC e entre os momentos pré e logo após nas concentrações de IGFBP-3, com um tamanho do efeito moderado (ηp2=0,370). Por sua vez na sessão BI+RFS, observou-se na HC um aumento, significativo, do momento pré para o momento logo após e deste momento para o momento 15 minutos após (p=0,037 e p=0,040, 1503,10% e 3227,16%, respetivamente), com um tamanho do efeito alto (ηp2=0,479). Igualmente, se observou um aumento, significativo (p=0,001, 14,61%), IGFBP-3 do momento pré para o momento logo após e uma diminuição (p=0,005, -8,22%), igualmente significativa, do momento logo após para o momento 15 minutos após, com um tamanho do efeito alto (ηp2=0,601). Não foram observadas diferenças significativas entre sessões em nenhuma das variáveis estudadas entre sessões. Podemos desta forma concluir, que o BI+RFS apresenta uma resposta hormonal aguda idêntica ao uso de HI recomendado para HM. Deve-se ter em conta que estes resultados só devem ser extrapolados para uma população com as características das do presente estudo.
Muscle hypertrophy (MH) is one of the most sought by gym goers. Recently suggested is a method of obtaining HM through strength training using (TF), with the use of low load (20% of 1RM) and restriction of blood flow (BI + RFS). In the scientific literature is presented as one of the main factors that makes this methodology provides HM, is the metabolic stress caused and therefore hormonal response. However, the effect of this methodology in the acute hormonal response is still unknown. Thus, the aim of this study is to observe the effect of the implementation of strength training exercises following the BI + RFS methodology in the acute hormonal response and compared with the traditional method of using high intensity (HI). The following hormones were recorded: Testosterone (T), cortisol (C), growth hormone (GH)) and carrier protein IGF-1 type 3 (IGFBP-3) in the moments before, immediately after and 15 minutes after. The sample consisted of 10 participants, males aged between 22.50 ± 3.24 years old, apparently healthy and strength training practitioners to at least 6 months. All participants performed, randomly, in two sessions (BI + RFS and HI), separated by seven days, at the same time (± 8:00 h) and feeding controlled previous day and a small standardized breakfast. For inferential analysis was used an ANOVA for repeated measures model with 3 times x 2 sessions, with Bonferroni post hoc. The significance level was kept at 5%. HI it was observed an increase in the blood concentration of GH and IGFBP-3 (3846.82% and 14.61%, respectively), significantly (p = 0.34 and p = 0.013) between the pre and the time 15 minutes after exercise session in the HC concentrations and between the pre and then moments after the IGFBP-3 concentrations, with a moderate effect size (ηp2 = 0.370). In turn the session RFS + BI, we observed an increase in HC, the mean of the pre moment to the moment immediately after this moment and for the time 15 minutes (p = 0.037 and p = 0.040, 3227 and 1503.10% 16%, respectively), with a high effect size (ηp2 = 0.479). Also, it observed an increase, significant (p = 0.001, 14.61%), IGFBP-3 pre moment to the moment immediately after, and a decrease (p = 0.005, -8.22%), also significant, the time after the time for 15 minutes, with a high effect size (ηp2 = 0.601). No significant differences were observed between sessions in any of the variables studied between sessions. We can thus conclude that BI + RFS has an acute hormonal response identical to HI recommended for use HM. It should be borne in mind that these results should only be extrapolated to a population with characteristics of the present study.
Muscle hypertrophy (MH) is one of the most sought by gym goers. Recently suggested is a method of obtaining HM through strength training using (TF), with the use of low load (20% of 1RM) and restriction of blood flow (BI + RFS). In the scientific literature is presented as one of the main factors that makes this methodology provides HM, is the metabolic stress caused and therefore hormonal response. However, the effect of this methodology in the acute hormonal response is still unknown. Thus, the aim of this study is to observe the effect of the implementation of strength training exercises following the BI + RFS methodology in the acute hormonal response and compared with the traditional method of using high intensity (HI). The following hormones were recorded: Testosterone (T), cortisol (C), growth hormone (GH)) and carrier protein IGF-1 type 3 (IGFBP-3) in the moments before, immediately after and 15 minutes after. The sample consisted of 10 participants, males aged between 22.50 ± 3.24 years old, apparently healthy and strength training practitioners to at least 6 months. All participants performed, randomly, in two sessions (BI + RFS and HI), separated by seven days, at the same time (± 8:00 h) and feeding controlled previous day and a small standardized breakfast. For inferential analysis was used an ANOVA for repeated measures model with 3 times x 2 sessions, with Bonferroni post hoc. The significance level was kept at 5%. HI it was observed an increase in the blood concentration of GH and IGFBP-3 (3846.82% and 14.61%, respectively), significantly (p = 0.34 and p = 0.013) between the pre and the time 15 minutes after exercise session in the HC concentrations and between the pre and then moments after the IGFBP-3 concentrations, with a moderate effect size (ηp2 = 0.370). In turn the session RFS + BI, we observed an increase in HC, the mean of the pre moment to the moment immediately after this moment and for the time 15 minutes (p = 0.037 and p = 0.040, 3227 and 1503.10% 16%, respectively), with a high effect size (ηp2 = 0.479). Also, it observed an increase, significant (p = 0.001, 14.61%), IGFBP-3 pre moment to the moment immediately after, and a decrease (p = 0.005, -8.22%), also significant, the time after the time for 15 minutes, with a high effect size (ηp2 = 0.601). No significant differences were observed between sessions in any of the variables studied between sessions. We can thus conclude that BI + RFS has an acute hormonal response identical to HI recommended for use HM. It should be borne in mind that these results should only be extrapolated to a population with characteristics of the present study.
Descrição
Dissertação de Mestrado em Ciências do Desporto, Especialização em Atividades de Academia
Palavras-chave
Treino de força , Restrição do fluxo sanguíneo , Resposta hormonal aguda