Lesões musculoesqueléticas em corredores recreacionais brasileiros: fatores associados e desenvolvimento de escore para determinar o risco
Ficheiros
Data
2018-01-26
Autores
Título da revista
ISSN da revista
Título do Volume
Editora
Resumo
Lesões relacionadas à corrida (LRC) são comuns, no entanto as causas ainda
apresentam lacunas de conhecimento. O objetivo desta pesquisa foi determinar os
fatores associados às lesões musculoesqueléticas e o desenvolvimento de escore para
determinar o risco. Uma amostra de N=1.573 corredores recreacionais de ambos os
sexos (1.090 homens e 483 mulheres) com idade 41,51±10,98 anos, massa corporal
72,03±12,94 kg e estatura 171,94±10,33 cm responderam ao inquérito consoante as
principais lesões e os fatores intrínsecos e extrínsecos foram analisados. Este foi
aplicado pelo mesmo pesquisador, que foi treinado a adotar uma posição neutra, de
modo que o participante tinha liberdade em optar pelas alternativas consoantes ao
estudo. O formulário de múltipla escolha foi constituído de 41 questões com dados
pessoais, rotina de treinamento, calçado de corrida, superfície e informações
retrospectivas a lesões musculoesqueléticas. A análise de dados foi realizada pelo
teste de qui-quadrado, razão de prevalência e intervalo de confiança a 95%, no
software SPSS 21.0, com valor de significância p<0,05 para todas as análises. Além
disso, foram utilizados os valores do qui-quadrado para gerar o escore preditor de
lesões com a análise da curva ROC para confirmação da validade dos valores. A
prevalência de LRC foi de 62,3%, diretas 22,5% inflamação/tendinite, 16,8%
estiramento/muscular, 9,4% partes moles/meniscos ligamentos do joelho, 5% fratura
por estresse na tíbia, e indiretas 4,3% entorse/articular no tornozelo, 3,8%
contusão/trauma e fratura 0,6%. A análise inferencial determinou que as lesões estão
associadas aos fatores intrínsecos tipo de pisada (p=0.001) e sexo (p<0.001). E aos
fatores extrínsecos tempo de experiência (p=0.001), aumento do volume das sessões
(p=0.003), percentual do aumento do volume das sessões (p=0.015) e aumento da
intensidade das sessões (p=0.045). O instrumento para desenvolvimento de escore na
determinação do risco nas variáveis associadas à presença de lesão tem uma
pontuação que varia entre 10 e 51 e dividido em três categorias baseado nos quartis
da pontuação ou escores obtidas por todos investigados: baixo risco (10-19 pontos);
moderado risco (20-29 pontos); alto risco (30-51 pontos). A associação entre as
categorias e o risco de lesão foi confirmada pelo teste qui-quadrado, que se
apresentou estatisticamente significativo (p=0,015). As lesões em corredores
recreacionais acontecem de forma direta e indireta, atingindo grau III,
exclusivamente nos membros inferiores e estão associadas ao sexo, tipo de pisada e
metodologia do treinamento. O desenvolvimento de escore para determinar o risco
de lesão possibilita estabelecer estratégia preventiva e individualizada que promoverá
maior segurança aos corredores.
Running-related injuries (RRI) are common, however their causes still have knowledge gaps. The objective of this research was to determine the risk factors associated with musculoskeletal injuries and the development a score to determinate risk. A sample of N=1573 recreational runners from both genders (1090 men and 483 women) aged between 41.51±10.8 years, body mass 72.03±12.94 kg and height 171.94±10.33 cm answered a survey regarding the main injuries and the extrinsic and intrinsic factors were analyzed. This was applied by the same researcher, who was trained to maintain a neutral position, in a way that the participant had the freedom to choose the alternatives. The multiple-choice questionnaire was composed by 41 questions with personal data, training habits, running shoe, surface and retroactive information regarding injuries. The data analysis was performed by the chi-square test, prevalence rate and confidence interval of 95%, on the software SPP 21.1, with significance value of p<0.05 to all the analysis. In addition, the chi-square values were used to generate the lesion predictor score with the ROC curve analysis to confirm the validity of the values. The prevalence of RRI was 62.3% primary, 22.5% inflammation/tendinitis, 16.8% muscle stretching, 9.4%, soft parts/knee meniscus, 5% tibia stress fracture and secondary 4.3%, ankle torsion 3.8%, trauma and fracture, 6%. The inferential analyses found that the injuries are associated with the intrinsic factor gender (p<0.001), and with to the extrinsic factors experience time (p=0.001), footprint type (p=0.001), increase of session intensity (p=0.045), the percent of increase of the volume sessions (p=0.015), and increase of session volume (p=0.003). The instrument to develop the score for the risk determination with the variables associated with the presence of injuries has a range from 10 to 51 points and divided in three categories based on the scores of all the investigated: low risk (10-19 points), moderate risk (20-29 points), high risk (30-51 points). The association between categories and the risk of injurie was confirmed by the chisquare test that showed to be statistically significant (p=0,015). The injuries in recreational runners happen primarily and secondarily, only on the lower limbs, going until third degree and are associated with gender, footprint type and training methodology. The creation of an injurie prognostic instrument allows to establish preventive and individualized strategy that will promote greater safety to the runners.
Running-related injuries (RRI) are common, however their causes still have knowledge gaps. The objective of this research was to determine the risk factors associated with musculoskeletal injuries and the development a score to determinate risk. A sample of N=1573 recreational runners from both genders (1090 men and 483 women) aged between 41.51±10.8 years, body mass 72.03±12.94 kg and height 171.94±10.33 cm answered a survey regarding the main injuries and the extrinsic and intrinsic factors were analyzed. This was applied by the same researcher, who was trained to maintain a neutral position, in a way that the participant had the freedom to choose the alternatives. The multiple-choice questionnaire was composed by 41 questions with personal data, training habits, running shoe, surface and retroactive information regarding injuries. The data analysis was performed by the chi-square test, prevalence rate and confidence interval of 95%, on the software SPP 21.1, with significance value of p<0.05 to all the analysis. In addition, the chi-square values were used to generate the lesion predictor score with the ROC curve analysis to confirm the validity of the values. The prevalence of RRI was 62.3% primary, 22.5% inflammation/tendinitis, 16.8% muscle stretching, 9.4%, soft parts/knee meniscus, 5% tibia stress fracture and secondary 4.3%, ankle torsion 3.8%, trauma and fracture, 6%. The inferential analyses found that the injuries are associated with the intrinsic factor gender (p<0.001), and with to the extrinsic factors experience time (p=0.001), footprint type (p=0.001), increase of session intensity (p=0.045), the percent of increase of the volume sessions (p=0.015), and increase of session volume (p=0.003). The instrument to develop the score for the risk determination with the variables associated with the presence of injuries has a range from 10 to 51 points and divided in three categories based on the scores of all the investigated: low risk (10-19 points), moderate risk (20-29 points), high risk (30-51 points). The association between categories and the risk of injurie was confirmed by the chisquare test that showed to be statistically significant (p=0,015). The injuries in recreational runners happen primarily and secondarily, only on the lower limbs, going until third degree and are associated with gender, footprint type and training methodology. The creation of an injurie prognostic instrument allows to establish preventive and individualized strategy that will promote greater safety to the runners.
Descrição
Tese de Doutoramento em Ciências do Desporto
Palavras-chave
Corridas , Lesões musculoesqueléticas , Prevenção de lesões , Corredores recreacionais