Capacitação das crianças e jovens para estilos de vida saudáveis no âmbito do Projeto + Social Escolhas 6ª Geração
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2018-02-08
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Este Relatório de Estágio foi elaborado no âmbito da unidade curricular “Estágio e Relatório”
do 2º ano do curso de Mestrado em Enfermagem Comunitária, da Escola Superior de Saúde da
Universidade de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro.
Neste trabalho abordamos, de forma crítica e reflexiva, o desenvolvimento de competências
adquiridas de acordo com o Regulamento de Competências Específicas do Enfermeiro
Especialista em Enfermagem Comunitária e de Saúde Pública da Ordem dos Enfermeiros. Foi
também nosso propósito descrever as atividades de estágio na Unidade de Cuidados na
Comunidade - Vila Real I e na Unidade de Saúde Pública Douro Norte, unidades funcionais do
Agrupamento de Centros de Saúde Douro I – Marão e Douro Norte. Neste Relatório destacamos
o desenvolvimento do Projeto de Intervenção “Capacitação das crianças e jovens para estilos
de vida saudáveis no âmbito do Projeto + Social Escolhas 6ª Geração”, realizado junto das
crianças e jovens dos bairros sociais de Vila Real (Telheiras, São Vicente Paula e Norad),
participantes do Projeto “+ Social Escolhas 6ª Geração”. No âmbito desta unidade curricular deu-se continuidade ao Diagnóstico de Situação e à
Definição de Prioridades, emergindo os hábitos alimentares (número de refeições, consumo de
frutas e vegetais, consumo de refrigerantes e bebidas com cafeína) e a saúde oral (número de
escovagem dos dentes por dia e antes de deitar e número de idas ao dentista por ano) como
prioridades de intervenção. Seguiu-se a definição de objetivos e metas e as estratégias de intervenção, procedendo-se à
avaliação prévia dos conhecimentos e dos comportamentos dos participantes nas dimensões
referidas. De seguida, implementou-se o Projeto de Intervenção “Capacitação das crianças e
jovens para estilos de vida saudáveis no âmbito do Projeto + Social Escolhas 6ª Geração”,
que teve como objetivo capacitar as crianças e jovens participantes para a adoção de estilos de
vida saudáveis no que respeita aos hábitos alimentares e saúde oral. O Projeto de Intervenção, de cariz formativo, privilegiou o diálogo, o debate de ideias e a participação das crianças e jovens nas diferentes atividades. Sumariamente, consistiu na
avaliação de conhecimentos e comportamentos em relação aos hábitos alimentares e saúde oral
antes e após a implementação do Projeto de Intervenção. Os resultados obtidos foram, na sua globalidade, francamente positivos, concorrendo para a
concretização dos objetivos operacionais, destacando-se como mais relevantes após a
concretização do Projeto de Intervenção: relativamente aos conhecimentos sobre hábitos
alimentares, os participantes demonstraram conhecimentos quanto ao número de refeições
diárias (89,7%) e importância da alimentação saudável (89,7%); no que respeita aos
conhecimentos sobre saúde oral, os participantes demonstraram conhecimentos sobre o número
de vezes que se deve trocar a escova de dentes por ano (93,1%), tempo de escovagem dos dentes
(93,1%) e número de idas ao dentista por ano (86,2%). Em relação aos comportamentos das
crianças e jovens quanto aos hábitos alimentares, 96,6% referiram fazer a merenda da manhã e
apenas 62,1% a ceia, 69% consumir diariamente frutas e vegetais e 10,3% refrigerantes. Quanto
aos comportamentos sobre a saúde oral, 48,3% das crianças e jovens referiram proceder à
escovagem dos dentes pelo menos duas vezes por dia e 65,5% antes de deitar. Face aos resultados, entendemos que é importante dar continuidade a projetos de intervenção comunitária, alicerçados em estratégias dinâmicas e participativas, nos quais os participantes
se assumem como verdadeiros protagonistas nos processos que visam a aquisição de estilos de
vida saudáveis.
Nursing School of Vila Real / University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro. In this work, we took a critical and reflexive approach on the development of competences acquired according to the “Regulamento de Competências Especificas do Enfermeiro Especialista em Enfermagem Comunitária e de Saúde Pública da Ordem dos Enfermeiros” [Regulation of Specific Skills of the Specialist Nurse in Community Nursing and Public Health of the Order of Nurses]. It was also our intention to summarize the training activities in the Community Care Unit - Vila Real I and in the Public Health Unit - Douro Norte, two functional units of the Health Centre Grouping Douro I - Marão and Douro Norte. In this Report, we highlight the development of our Intervention Project "Capacity children and young people for healthy lifestyles in the framework of the 6th Generation Social Choices Project" developed among children and young people of Vila Real social neighbourhoods (Telheiras, São Vicente Paula and Norad) that are participants in the "Social + 6th Generation Choices" Project. Within this curricular unit, the Situation Diagnosis and Priority Setting were continued, with eating habits (number of meals, consumption of fruits and vegetables, consumption of soft drinks and beverages with caffeine) and oral health (number of tooth brushing per day and before bedtime and number of visits to the dentist per year) emerged as priorities of intervention. Then, we followed with the definition of objectives and goals and the strategies of intervention, proceeding to the previous evaluation of the knowledge and behaviors of the participants in the aforementioned dimensions. Then, the Intervention Project "Capacity children and young people for healthy lifestyles in the framework of the 6th Generation Social Choices Project " was implemented, in order to enable children and young people to have healthy lifestyles regarding their eating habits and oral health. The Intervention Project was formative, focused on dialogue, debate of ideas and participation of the children and young people in the different activities. In summary, it consisted in the evaluation of knowledge and behaviors concerning eating habits and oral health before and after the implementation of the Intervention Project. The results obtained were, overall, positive, contributing to the achievement of the operational objectives, and being the most relevant observed after the implementation of the Intervention Project: regarding the knowledge about eating habits, participants demonstrated knowledge about the number of daily meals (89.7%) and the relevance of healthy eating (89.7%); concerning the knowledge about oral health, participants demonstrated knowledge about the number of times to change the toothbrush per year (93.1%), the tooth brushing time (93.1%) and the number of visits to the dentist per year (86.2%). Considering the behavior of children and young people about eating habits, 96.6% of them reported having morning snacks and only 62.1% declared to eat supper, 69% daily fruits and vegetables and 10.3% soft drinks. Finally, regarding oral health behavior, 48.3% of children and young people reported brushing their teeth at least twice a day and 65.5% before bedtime. Based on these results, we understand that it is important to continue with community intervention projects, based on dynamic and participatory strategies, in which participants are protagonists in the processes that lead to the adoption of healthy lifestyles.
Nursing School of Vila Real / University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro. In this work, we took a critical and reflexive approach on the development of competences acquired according to the “Regulamento de Competências Especificas do Enfermeiro Especialista em Enfermagem Comunitária e de Saúde Pública da Ordem dos Enfermeiros” [Regulation of Specific Skills of the Specialist Nurse in Community Nursing and Public Health of the Order of Nurses]. It was also our intention to summarize the training activities in the Community Care Unit - Vila Real I and in the Public Health Unit - Douro Norte, two functional units of the Health Centre Grouping Douro I - Marão and Douro Norte. In this Report, we highlight the development of our Intervention Project "Capacity children and young people for healthy lifestyles in the framework of the 6th Generation Social Choices Project" developed among children and young people of Vila Real social neighbourhoods (Telheiras, São Vicente Paula and Norad) that are participants in the "Social + 6th Generation Choices" Project. Within this curricular unit, the Situation Diagnosis and Priority Setting were continued, with eating habits (number of meals, consumption of fruits and vegetables, consumption of soft drinks and beverages with caffeine) and oral health (number of tooth brushing per day and before bedtime and number of visits to the dentist per year) emerged as priorities of intervention. Then, we followed with the definition of objectives and goals and the strategies of intervention, proceeding to the previous evaluation of the knowledge and behaviors of the participants in the aforementioned dimensions. Then, the Intervention Project "Capacity children and young people for healthy lifestyles in the framework of the 6th Generation Social Choices Project " was implemented, in order to enable children and young people to have healthy lifestyles regarding their eating habits and oral health. The Intervention Project was formative, focused on dialogue, debate of ideas and participation of the children and young people in the different activities. In summary, it consisted in the evaluation of knowledge and behaviors concerning eating habits and oral health before and after the implementation of the Intervention Project. The results obtained were, overall, positive, contributing to the achievement of the operational objectives, and being the most relevant observed after the implementation of the Intervention Project: regarding the knowledge about eating habits, participants demonstrated knowledge about the number of daily meals (89.7%) and the relevance of healthy eating (89.7%); concerning the knowledge about oral health, participants demonstrated knowledge about the number of times to change the toothbrush per year (93.1%), the tooth brushing time (93.1%) and the number of visits to the dentist per year (86.2%). Considering the behavior of children and young people about eating habits, 96.6% of them reported having morning snacks and only 62.1% declared to eat supper, 69% daily fruits and vegetables and 10.3% soft drinks. Finally, regarding oral health behavior, 48.3% of children and young people reported brushing their teeth at least twice a day and 65.5% before bedtime. Based on these results, we understand that it is important to continue with community intervention projects, based on dynamic and participatory strategies, in which participants are protagonists in the processes that lead to the adoption of healthy lifestyles.
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Capacitação , crianças , jovens , estilos de vida