Aptidão física em indivíduos com diabetes tipo 2: efeitos de 8 meses de exercício físico seguidos de 4 meses de destreino
Data
2018-05-10
Autores
Título da revista
ISSN da revista
Título do Volume
Editora
Resumo
Associada à obesidade, ao envelhecimento e a baixos níveis de atividade física, a diabetes pode provocar problemas nos sistemas neuromuscular e cardiovascular que irão causar fortes dependências na realização das tarefas diárias devido aos baixos níveis de aptidão física. O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar os efeitos de um programa comunitário de 8 meses de exercício físico na aptidão física em indivíduos com diabetes tipo 2 seguidos de 4 meses de destreino. Metodologia: Um total de 33 participantes frequentou um programa comunitário de exercício físico com 8 meses de duração seguidos de 4 meses de destreino. O programa contava com sessões 3 vezes por semana, com 75 minutos de duração, que envolviam exercícios aeróbios, resistidos, de agilidade/equilíbrio e flexibilidade. Para avaliar a aptidão física usaram-se os seguintes testes: para a aptidão aeróbia o, “Six Minute Walk Test”; a força dos membros inferiores; o “30-Second Chair Stand Test”; a força dos membros superiores, o “Seated Medicine Ball Throw Test”; a flexibilidade dos membros superiores, o “Back Scracth Test”; a flexibilidade dos membros inferiores, o “Chair Sit And Reach”; a agilidade/equilíbrio, o “Timed Up And Go”. Os sujeitos foram avaliados à entrada do programa, após 8 meses de treino e após 4 meses de destreino. Resultados: Após o período de treino a amostra apresentou melhorias em todas as variáveis. Contudo, apenas na agilidade/equilíbrio se verificaram melhorias estatisticamente significativas (p = 0,034). Após o período de destreino, a amostra diminui o desempenho no teste da aptidão aeróbia de forma significativa (p = 0,020), melhorou de forma significativa o resultado no teste da força dos membros inferiores (p < 0,001) e dos membros superiores (p = 0,017) e, também, no teste da agilidade/equilíbrio (p < 0,001). Conclusões: O exercício físico promove melhorias na aptidão física de indivíduos com diabetes tipo 2. O período de destreino pode levar à perda de algumas adaptações induzidas pelo treino, neste caso da aptidão aeróbia, contudo, algumas capacidades parecem ser mantidas e até melhoradas.
Associated with obesity, aging, and low levels of physical activity, diabetes can cause problems in the neuromuscular and cardiovascular systems that will cause heavy dependencies in performing daily tasks due to low levels of physical fitness. The aim of this study was to analyze the effects of an 8 month community physical exercise based program on physical fitness in individuals with type 2 diabetes followed by 4 months of detraining. Methods: A total of 33 participants attended an 8 month community physical exercise based program followed by 4 months of detraining. The program had sessions three times a week, 75 minutes long, wich involved aerobic, resisted, agility/balance and flexibility exercises. To evaluate physical fitness the following tests were used: for aerobic fitness, the “Six Minute Walk Test”; the strength of the lower limbs, the “30-Second Chair Stand Test”; the strength of the upper limbs, “Seated Medicine Ball Throw Test”; the flexibility of the upper limbs, the “Back Scracth Test”; the flexibility of the lower limbs, the “Chair Sit And Reach”; agility/balance, the “Timed Up And Go”. The subjects were evaluated at the entrance of the program, after 8 months of training and after 4 months of detraining. Results: After the training period, the subjects showed improvements in all variables. However, only in the agility / balance existed statistically significant improvements (p = 0.034). After the period of detraining, the subjects significantly decreased the performance of the aerobic fitness test (p = 0.020), significantly improved the results in the lower limbs (p <0.001) and upper limbs (p = 0.017) and also in the agility / balance test (p <0.001). Conclusions: Physical exercise promotes improvements in the physical fitness of individuals with type 2 diabetes. The period of detraining may lead to the loss of some training-induced adaptations, in this case aerobic fitness, however, some capabilities appear to be maintained and even improved.
Associated with obesity, aging, and low levels of physical activity, diabetes can cause problems in the neuromuscular and cardiovascular systems that will cause heavy dependencies in performing daily tasks due to low levels of physical fitness. The aim of this study was to analyze the effects of an 8 month community physical exercise based program on physical fitness in individuals with type 2 diabetes followed by 4 months of detraining. Methods: A total of 33 participants attended an 8 month community physical exercise based program followed by 4 months of detraining. The program had sessions three times a week, 75 minutes long, wich involved aerobic, resisted, agility/balance and flexibility exercises. To evaluate physical fitness the following tests were used: for aerobic fitness, the “Six Minute Walk Test”; the strength of the lower limbs, the “30-Second Chair Stand Test”; the strength of the upper limbs, “Seated Medicine Ball Throw Test”; the flexibility of the upper limbs, the “Back Scracth Test”; the flexibility of the lower limbs, the “Chair Sit And Reach”; agility/balance, the “Timed Up And Go”. The subjects were evaluated at the entrance of the program, after 8 months of training and after 4 months of detraining. Results: After the training period, the subjects showed improvements in all variables. However, only in the agility / balance existed statistically significant improvements (p = 0.034). After the period of detraining, the subjects significantly decreased the performance of the aerobic fitness test (p = 0.020), significantly improved the results in the lower limbs (p <0.001) and upper limbs (p = 0.017) and also in the agility / balance test (p <0.001). Conclusions: Physical exercise promotes improvements in the physical fitness of individuals with type 2 diabetes. The period of detraining may lead to the loss of some training-induced adaptations, in this case aerobic fitness, however, some capabilities appear to be maintained and even improved.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
diabetes tipo 2 , exercício físico , aptidão física , treino , destreino