Total productive maintenance (TPM) na Gestão Industrial
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2018-12-11
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A Total Productive Maintenance (TPM) é fundamentalmente uma técnica de manutenção preventiva, empregando-se vários procedimentos no dia-a-dia de uma empresa de forma a diminuir a possibilidade de avarias ou paragens não programadas dos equipamentos. Com a utilização deste método obtém-se um aumento significativo da eficiência das máquinas fabris, melhorando a qualidade dos produtos fabricados e minimizando os atrasos de fabrico. O rendimento da empresa é também incrementado, aumentando o ritmo de produção da mesma e, por conseguinte, a sua competitividade no mercado. É assim uma técnica altamente produtiva, que, em última análise, reduz as perdas intrínsecas associadas à produção, também conhecidas com as “6 grandes perdas”. Apesar de ser uma metodologia mundialmente utilizada, nem sempre é aplicada de forma ajustada às necessidades da indústria, diminuindo os benefícios que decorreriam da sua correta implementação. Além disto, existem também empresas, que por desconhecimento, comodismo ou ceticismo, não aplicam técnicas de melhoria nos seus processos, fazendo com que possam estar aquém das suas reais possibilidades de concretização. Tendo isto em conta, nesta dissertação foi criado um ambiente fictício numa empresa automóvel, e foram concebidas guidelines bem definidas para a correta aplicação da TPM nos processos da indústria. Assim, após serem identificados todos os equipamentos, foram enumerados vários contratempos/avarias recorrentes neste tipo de fábrica. Após os problemas estarem identificados, foram elaboradas ações para a sua resolução, e futura prevenção. Finalmente foi criado um plano anual para a aplicação da TPM, que deve ser feita de forma regular. Pretende-se desta forma dar a conhecer os benefícios concretos e práticos da aplicação das técnicas de TPM em ambiente industrial.
The Total Productive Maintenance (TPM) is fundamentally a preventive maintenance technique, using various procedures in the day-to-day life of a company to decrease the possibility of breakdowns or unscheduled downtime of the equipment. Using this method, there’s a significant increase in the efficiency of the factory gears, improving the quality of the manufactured products and minimizing delays in the industrial process. The yield of the company is also enhanced, by an increase in the pace of production, therefore improving their competitiveness in the market. Thus, it’s a highly productive technique, which, ultimately, reduces the intrinsic losses associated with production, also known as the” 6 Big Losses”. Despite being a methodology used worldwide, it is not always applied according to the needs of the industry, diminishing the benefits that would originate from its correct implementation. In addition, there are also companies, that due to ignorance, indulgence or skepticism, do not apply improvement techniques in their processes, making them fall short of their real possibilities of achievement. Taking this into account, it was created in this dissertation a fictional environment in an automotive company and well-defined guidelines were designed to help in the correct application of TPM in the industrial processes. Thus, after identifying all the equipment’s, setbacks/breakdowns that usually occur in this kind of industry were defined. After the identification of the cause of the problems, measures were taken for their resolution and future prevention. Finally, it was created an annual schedule for the implementation of TPM, that should be followed on a regular basis. All these strategies serve the purpose of showing the tangible benefits and practical applications of TPM in an industrial environment.
The Total Productive Maintenance (TPM) is fundamentally a preventive maintenance technique, using various procedures in the day-to-day life of a company to decrease the possibility of breakdowns or unscheduled downtime of the equipment. Using this method, there’s a significant increase in the efficiency of the factory gears, improving the quality of the manufactured products and minimizing delays in the industrial process. The yield of the company is also enhanced, by an increase in the pace of production, therefore improving their competitiveness in the market. Thus, it’s a highly productive technique, which, ultimately, reduces the intrinsic losses associated with production, also known as the” 6 Big Losses”. Despite being a methodology used worldwide, it is not always applied according to the needs of the industry, diminishing the benefits that would originate from its correct implementation. In addition, there are also companies, that due to ignorance, indulgence or skepticism, do not apply improvement techniques in their processes, making them fall short of their real possibilities of achievement. Taking this into account, it was created in this dissertation a fictional environment in an automotive company and well-defined guidelines were designed to help in the correct application of TPM in the industrial processes. Thus, after identifying all the equipment’s, setbacks/breakdowns that usually occur in this kind of industry were defined. After the identification of the cause of the problems, measures were taken for their resolution and future prevention. Finally, it was created an annual schedule for the implementation of TPM, that should be followed on a regular basis. All these strategies serve the purpose of showing the tangible benefits and practical applications of TPM in an industrial environment.
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Dissertação submetida à Universidade de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro para obtenção do grau de
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Total Productive Maintenance (TPM), , , , Just in time, Lean production e Zero defeitos , Manutenção preventiva , Melhoria contínua , Perdas de produção