Plataformas web de negociação e comércio eletrónico
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2018-12-13
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Com o aparecimento das tecnologias de informação, da Internet e das aplicações que se seguiram, observou-se uma mudança na forma de como os consumidores se relacionam com as plataformas de comércio eletrónico. Apesar de o processo tradicional de compra e venda de produtos nas plataformas web esteja já bastante estável, as últimas alterações na forma de como os clientes abordam a pesquisa e compra online, tem vindo a obrigar as empresas, e consequentemente, as plataformas de comércio eletrónico a modificarem os seus processos de venda. Um dos grandes problemas dos sistemas de comércio eletrónico de primeira geração é que a negociação é reduzida para apenas um único aspeto da transação: o preço. As plataformas tradicionais de comércio eletrónico tendem apenas a imitar os processos de lojas físicas existentes, nos quais os clientes têm a oportunidade de comprar apenas os produtos disponíveis. No entanto, no ponto de vista de um cliente, para que uma proposta de compra de um produto ou serviço possa ter valor, tem de envolver outros fatores para além do preço. Uma das soluções seria ajustar as plataformas de comércio eletrónico de maneira a permitir aos clientes não apenas comprar produtos, mas também negociar as suas condições, de forma a conseguir personalizálos conforme as suas preferências. Posto isto, a presente dissertação pretende atingir um protótipo para uma plataforma de negociação eletrónica dirigida ao sector do turismo, focado nos operadores, produtos e serviços turísticos do Vale do Douro. Esta plataforma deve permitir a venda de produtos conforme oferecidos pelos fornecedores e, ao mesmo tempo, permitir que os clientes possam eles próprios propor produtos, pacotes de produtos ou negociar as condições dos produtos existentes. Para tal, foi realizado uma análise à literatura científica e técnica existente, no âmbito do tema escolhido, bem como uma análise e especificação de uma plataforma de comércio eletrónico que responda aos requisitos especificados. Posteriormente, foram realizados testes funcionais e testes técnicos no protótipo desenvolvido. Os dados provenientes destes testes permitiram obter uma versão totalmente funcional de uma plataforma de negociação e comércio eletrónico direcionada ao mercado turístico do Douro.
With the emergence of information technologies, the Internet and the applications that followed, there was a change in the way consumers relate to e-commerce platforms. Although the traditional process of buying and selling products on web platforms is already quite stable, the latest changes in how customers approach online search and purchase has forced companies, and consequently, e-commerce platforms to modify their sales processes. One of the big problems of first-generation e-commerce systems is that the negotiation is reduced to only a single aspect of the transaction: price. Traditional e-Commerce platforms tend to mimic existing physical store processes in which customers are given the opportunity to purchase only the available products. However, in the viewpoint of a customer, for a purchase proposal of a product or service to have value, it must involve factors other than price. One solution would be to adjust e-commerce platforms to allow customers not only to buy products, but also to negotiate their conditions in order to customize them to their preferences. Therefore, this dissertation intends to reach a prototype for an electronic negotiation platform directed to the tourism sector, focused on the operators, products and tourism services of the Douro Valley. This platform should allow the sale of products as offered by suppliers and, at the same time, allow customers themselves to propose products, packages of products or negotiate the conditions of existing products. To this end, an analysis was made of the existing scientific and technical literature within the chosen theme, as well as an analysis and specification of an electronic commerce platform that meets the specified requirements. Subsequently, functional tests and technical tests were carried out on the developed prototype. The data from these tests allowed us to obtain a fully functional version of a negotiation platform and e-commerce aimed at the Douro tourist market.
With the emergence of information technologies, the Internet and the applications that followed, there was a change in the way consumers relate to e-commerce platforms. Although the traditional process of buying and selling products on web platforms is already quite stable, the latest changes in how customers approach online search and purchase has forced companies, and consequently, e-commerce platforms to modify their sales processes. One of the big problems of first-generation e-commerce systems is that the negotiation is reduced to only a single aspect of the transaction: price. Traditional e-Commerce platforms tend to mimic existing physical store processes in which customers are given the opportunity to purchase only the available products. However, in the viewpoint of a customer, for a purchase proposal of a product or service to have value, it must involve factors other than price. One solution would be to adjust e-commerce platforms to allow customers not only to buy products, but also to negotiate their conditions in order to customize them to their preferences. Therefore, this dissertation intends to reach a prototype for an electronic negotiation platform directed to the tourism sector, focused on the operators, products and tourism services of the Douro Valley. This platform should allow the sale of products as offered by suppliers and, at the same time, allow customers themselves to propose products, packages of products or negotiate the conditions of existing products. To this end, an analysis was made of the existing scientific and technical literature within the chosen theme, as well as an analysis and specification of an electronic commerce platform that meets the specified requirements. Subsequently, functional tests and technical tests were carried out on the developed prototype. The data from these tests allowed us to obtain a fully functional version of a negotiation platform and e-commerce aimed at the Douro tourist market.
Descrição
Dissertação de Mestrado em Engenharia Informática apresentada à Universidade de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro
Palavras-chave
Plataformas de Comércio Eletrónico , Turismo , Customização de Produtos , Plataformas de Negociação , Comércio Eletrónico , Análise e Prototipagem de Software