Efeito da velocidade de execução e tempo de duração das repetições e séries no treino resistido na hipertrofia muscular em indivíduos do sexo masculino: revisão sistemática
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2021-02-03
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O objetivo desta dissertação foi efetuar uma revisão sistemática sobre o impacto da velocidade de execução e do tempo de duração das repetições, nos exercícios resistidos, na hipertrofia muscular (HM) em indivíduos do sexo masculino. Para o efeito foram utilizados ensaios clínicos randomizados, apenas na língua anglo-saxónica, até 15 de março de 2020, onde a procura dos mesmos foi realizada em 3 bases de dados: Pubmed, Scopus e Web of Science, utilizando as seguintes palavras-chave isoladamente e combinadas: “Resistance Training” or “Resistance Exercise” and “Slow Movement” or “Fast Movement” or “Velocity” or “Cadence” and “Muscle Size” or “Muscle Hypertrophy” or “Cross Sectional Area” and “Repetition”. Após a pesquisa e tendo em conta os critérios de inclusão e exclusão foram obtidos 6 estudos. Nos estudos selecionados os participantes (n=149) não possuíam experiência no treino com exercícios contra resistência, em que em cinco desses estudos os participantes eram jovens e em idosos. Em relação aos métodos de avaliação da HM, (33,3%) dos estudos utilizaram a Imagem de Ressonância Magnética; (50%) Imagem de Ultrassom; (16,6%) DEXA; e apenas um estudo (16,6%) utilizou Tomografia Computadorizada Quantitativa Periférica de Alta Resolução (PCQT). A qualidade metodológica dos estudos foi analisada através da escala Downs and Black. Os resultados desta revisão sistemática demonstraram que parecem não existir diferenças significativas entre executar as repetições com baixa ou alta velocidade de execução. Tendo em conta os estudos observados nesta revisão sistemática, parecem não existir diferenças significativas da implementação de diferentes velocidades de execução e diferentes tempo sob tensão (TST) por repetição e série, na HM em indivíduos do sexo masculino sem experiência. Contudo, deverá ser realçado que a qualidade metodológica dos estudos existentes e analisados foi fraca-média, como tal, é necessária a realização de estudos com maior qualidade metodológica e em outras populações, até que se possam criar recomendações sólidas sobre esta temática.
The objective of this dissertation was to provide a systematic review on the impact of execution speed and repetition duration of resistance exercise on male individual’s Muscular Hypertrophy (HM). In order to do that, randomized clinical trials were used, exclusively in the English language, up until March 15, 2020, with no time skip, having the research been performed on 3 databases: “Pubmed”, “Scopus” and “Web of Science”, using the following key-words both separately and together: “Resistance Training” or “Resistance Exercise” and “Slow Movement” or “Fast Movement” or “Velocity” or “Cadence” and “Muscle Size” or “Muscle Hypertrophy” or “Cross Sectional Area” and “Repetition”. After research, and considering the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 6 studies were selected. In the selected studies, participants (n=149) did not possess prior resistance training experience. Of all the studies, the sample of five of them were composed of young participants and the participants of the remaining study were all elderly. Relatively to evaluation methods of MH, 33,3% of the studies used Magnetic Resonance Imaging; 50% Ultrasound Imaging; 16,6% DEXA; e only one study used High-Resolution Peripheric Computerized Quantitative Tomography (PCQT). The studies’ methodologic quality was analyzed through the Downs and Black scale. The results of this systematic review have shown that there appear to exist no significative changes between executing repetitions with a higher or lower cadence. Considering the studies included in this systematic review, there appear to be no significative differences between varying execution speed nor time under stress (TST) both per repetition and set, on inexperienced males’ HM. However, both the existing and analyzed studies’ methodological quality was weak/average and, as such, higher methodological quality studies need be performed and in more diverse populations until solid recommendations can be built on this matter.
The objective of this dissertation was to provide a systematic review on the impact of execution speed and repetition duration of resistance exercise on male individual’s Muscular Hypertrophy (HM). In order to do that, randomized clinical trials were used, exclusively in the English language, up until March 15, 2020, with no time skip, having the research been performed on 3 databases: “Pubmed”, “Scopus” and “Web of Science”, using the following key-words both separately and together: “Resistance Training” or “Resistance Exercise” and “Slow Movement” or “Fast Movement” or “Velocity” or “Cadence” and “Muscle Size” or “Muscle Hypertrophy” or “Cross Sectional Area” and “Repetition”. After research, and considering the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 6 studies were selected. In the selected studies, participants (n=149) did not possess prior resistance training experience. Of all the studies, the sample of five of them were composed of young participants and the participants of the remaining study were all elderly. Relatively to evaluation methods of MH, 33,3% of the studies used Magnetic Resonance Imaging; 50% Ultrasound Imaging; 16,6% DEXA; e only one study used High-Resolution Peripheric Computerized Quantitative Tomography (PCQT). The studies’ methodologic quality was analyzed through the Downs and Black scale. The results of this systematic review have shown that there appear to exist no significative changes between executing repetitions with a higher or lower cadence. Considering the studies included in this systematic review, there appear to be no significative differences between varying execution speed nor time under stress (TST) both per repetition and set, on inexperienced males’ HM. However, both the existing and analyzed studies’ methodological quality was weak/average and, as such, higher methodological quality studies need be performed and in more diverse populations until solid recommendations can be built on this matter.
Descrição
Este projeto de dissertação foi expressamente elaborado como dissertação original para o efeito de obtenção do grau de Mestre em Ciências do Desporto.