Estilos cognitivos, orientação empreendedora e intraempreendedorismo como impulsionadores da inovação: O caso dos profissionais de Farmácia em Portugal
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2021-02-24
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A inovação no setor da Farmácia Comunitária tem-se mostrado essencial não apenas para uma sofisticação em relação à concorrência, mas também para melhorar o atendimento aos clientes, a oferta de serviços e os procedimentos de trabalho para obtenção de um desempenho superior. Assim, neste estudo, temos como objetivo geral avaliar a influência dos estilos cognitivos (racional e intuitivo) na orientação empreendedora individual e no intraempreendedorismo e como estes impactam na inovação. Pretendemos identificar e explicar as relações existentes entre os construtos nos profissionais de Farmácia Comunitária. Foi aplicado um questionário a 209 profissionais de Farmácia Comunitária em Portugal durante a pandemia Covid-19. Os resultados foram analisados estatisticamente recorrendo a técnicas estatísticas uni e multivariadas com modelação de equações estruturais. O modelo conceptual foi avaliado e aferidas as relações entre as variáveis. Como resultados, percebemos que os estilos cognitivos (racional e intuitivo) dos profissionais de Farmácia Comunitária impactam na orientação empreendedora individual e parcialmente no intraempreendedorismo. Verificou-se um efeito mediador da orientação empreendedora individual entre os estilos cognitivos e o intraempreendedorismo. A inovação é explicada pela orientação empreendedora individual e pelo intraempreendedorismo destes profissionais, sendo que o impacto do intraempreendedorismo é superior. Como implicações teóricas contribuimos para o avanço do conhecimento ao aprofundar os conhecimentos sobre cada dimensão estudada individualmente, bem como ao mostrar e explicar a relação existente entre os estilos cognitivos e a orientação empreendedora individual e o intraempreendedorismo, e entre estes e a inovação, provando que é possível fomentar a inovação por incentivo das restantes dimensões. Ao nível prático para a gestão, sugerimos a implementação de práticas para estimular o estilo cognitivo menos predominante, também o desenvolvimento de formações e atividades para fornecer conhecimentos e motivação empreendedora por fomento da criatividade, a criação de um ambiente laboral favorável ao empreendedorismo e a adequação da remuneração. O presente estudo tem caráter original e inovador, pois na literatura não são encontrados estudos gerais que relacionem todas as dimensões abordadas e na área da Farmácia Comunitária a investigação neste campo é reduzida.
Innovation in the Community Pharmacy sector has proved to be essential not only for sophistication concerning the competition, but also to improve customer service, the offer of services, and work procedures to obtain superior performance. Thus, in this study, our general objective is to assess the influence of cognitive styles (rational and intuitive) on individual entrepreneurial orientation and intrapreneurship and how they impact innovation. We intend to identify and explain the relationships between the contracts in Community Pharmacy professionals. A questionnaire was applied to 209 Community Pharmacy professionals in Portugal during the Covid-19 pandemic. The results were analyzed statistically using univariate and multivariate statistical techniques with structural equation modeling. The conceptual model was evaluated and the relationships between variables were measured. As a result, we realized that the cognitive styles (rational and intuitive) of Community Pharmacy professionals’ impact individual entrepreneurial orientation and partially on intrapreneurship. There was a mediator effect of individual entrepreneurial orientation between cognitive styles and intrapreneurship. Innovation is explained by the individual entrepreneurial orientation and by the intrapreneurship of these professionals, and the impact of intrapreneurship is greater. As theoretical implications, we contribute to the advancement of knowledge by deepening knowledge about each dimension studied individually, as well as by showing and explaining the relationship between cognitive styles and individual entrepreneurial orientation and intrapreneurship, and between these and innovation, proving that it is possible to foster innovation by encouraging the other dimensions. At the practical level for management, we suggest the implementation of practices to stimulate the less prevalent cognitive style, also the development of training and activities to provide entrepreneurial knowledge and motivation by creativity promotion, creating a favorable working environment for entrepreneurship and adequacy of remuneration. The present study has an original and innovative character since there are no general studies in the literature that relate all the dimensions covered and in Community Pharmacy, research in this field is reduced.
Innovation in the Community Pharmacy sector has proved to be essential not only for sophistication concerning the competition, but also to improve customer service, the offer of services, and work procedures to obtain superior performance. Thus, in this study, our general objective is to assess the influence of cognitive styles (rational and intuitive) on individual entrepreneurial orientation and intrapreneurship and how they impact innovation. We intend to identify and explain the relationships between the contracts in Community Pharmacy professionals. A questionnaire was applied to 209 Community Pharmacy professionals in Portugal during the Covid-19 pandemic. The results were analyzed statistically using univariate and multivariate statistical techniques with structural equation modeling. The conceptual model was evaluated and the relationships between variables were measured. As a result, we realized that the cognitive styles (rational and intuitive) of Community Pharmacy professionals’ impact individual entrepreneurial orientation and partially on intrapreneurship. There was a mediator effect of individual entrepreneurial orientation between cognitive styles and intrapreneurship. Innovation is explained by the individual entrepreneurial orientation and by the intrapreneurship of these professionals, and the impact of intrapreneurship is greater. As theoretical implications, we contribute to the advancement of knowledge by deepening knowledge about each dimension studied individually, as well as by showing and explaining the relationship between cognitive styles and individual entrepreneurial orientation and intrapreneurship, and between these and innovation, proving that it is possible to foster innovation by encouraging the other dimensions. At the practical level for management, we suggest the implementation of practices to stimulate the less prevalent cognitive style, also the development of training and activities to provide entrepreneurial knowledge and motivation by creativity promotion, creating a favorable working environment for entrepreneurship and adequacy of remuneration. The present study has an original and innovative character since there are no general studies in the literature that relate all the dimensions covered and in Community Pharmacy, research in this field is reduced.
Descrição
Dissertação apresentada à Universidade de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, como requisito para a obtenção do grau de Mestre em Gestão dos Serviços de Saúde.
Palavras-chave
estilos cognitivos , orientação empreendedora individual