O efeito da educação corporativa para o crescimento e a sustentabilidade de empresas familiares: um estudo de caso
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2020-11-10
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As empresas familiares constituem predominantemente o tecido empresarial na economia mundial, onde as investigações científicas apontam a necessidade de profissionalizar a gestão da empresa e estruturar o processo de sucessão, pois existe um elevado número de empresas que não sobrevivem às mudanças de geração. A educação de jovens e adultos, no que concerne a formação e ao desenvolvimento de competências para o ambiente de trabalho, passa a ter grande espaço nas organizações, que passam a dividir essa responsabilidade com o Estado, pois têm dificuldades de localizar no mercado de trabalho profissionais que atendam às necessidades da empresa, para a geração da competitividade de seus negócios neste mundo VUCA (Volátil, Incerto, Complexo e Ambíguo) em que estão inseridas, onde é necessário constantes atualizações em consequência do avanço tecnológico e dos seus efeitos para produzir a inovação e gerar a competitividade num mercado globalizado. A educação corporativa que tem como principal objetivo desenvolver as competências nos empregados de uma organização, para propiciar a consecução dos objetivos estratégicos, gerando a sustentabilidade dos negócios, surge nesta investigação numa empresa familiar, definida como uma empresa em que a gestão é realizada pela família e as decisões são de responsabilidade dela. Assim sendo, houve a construção desta tese na área das Ciências da Educação sobre a temática Formação e Desenvolvimento que versa mais especificamente a respeito da educação de adultos no ambiente do trabalho denominado educação corporativa numa empresa familiar brasileira. Portanto, ela vem para tentar preencher esta lacuna da inexistência de estudos unindo os temas Educação Corporativa e Empresa Familiar. Dessa forma, o objetivo foi investigar o efeito dos investimentos na educação corporativa em empresas familiares de forma a identificar se tais investimentos proporcionam o crescimento e a sustentabilidade dessas empresas, bem como um qualificado processo de sucessão. A abordagem metodológica centrada num estudo de caso, obedeceu às exigências éticas autorizado pelo Conselho de Ética do Brasil sob o número 96058818.9.0000.5052, onde o contato com as pessoas foi realizado após a aprovação do COÉTICA. A instituição que se adequou ao propósito foi a Betânia Lácteos, localizada na região Nordeste do Brasil, por possuir as características específicas de uma empresa familiar e as ações voltadas para a educação no trabalho, bem como atendia as características de um programa de educação corporativa, que foram os critérios de inclusão. Aplicamos entrevistas semiestruturadas aos 11 líderes da alta gestão (Sócios-Gerentes, Diretores e Presidente) e inquéritos a uma amostra de 330 funcionários da empresa selecionada para o estudo, o que representa 18,94% do quadro de pessoal da organização. A instituição que se adequou ao propósito foi a Betânia Lácteos, localizada na região Nordeste do Brasil, por possuir as características específicas de uma empresa familiar e as ações voltadas para a educação no trabalho, bem como atendiam as características de um programa de educação corporativa, que foram os critérios de inclusão O estudo de caso com método misto cruzou os dados qualitativos em que a análise do discurso foi realizada através do software Nvivo e quantitativos, em que a análise do modelo das equações estruturais (SEM) foi realizada através do software SmartPLS 3.0. Os principais resultados foram: (i) não foi percebido barreiras na implantação da educação corporativa, em consequência de suas características de empresa familiar; (ii) existem expectativas, sobre o contributo da educação corporativa para a melhoria da performance da empresa, onde a gestão demonstra em suas ações que reconhece a educação como base para uma sociedade; (iii) a empresa demonstrou crescimento, no faturamento e dimensão, com os investimentos em tecnologia e educação corporativa dos empregados; (iv) os investimentos em educação corporativa promovem o crescimento, porém no que concerne a formação de sucessores não é suficiente para promover a sustentabilidade da empresa familiar, durante muitas gerações; (v) o programa de avaliação de desempenho, pela ferramenta nine-box, permite a identificação dos potenciais sucessores e as ações de educação corporativa estão possibilitando a formação qualificada de sucessores. Diante desses resultados, conclui-se que a prevalência do relacionamento, em detrimento a competência é um desafio a ser superado pelas empresas familiares. Porém os investimentos em educação corporativa realizados na Betânia Lácteos, demonstrou que esses investimentos possibilitou a profissionalização do quadro de pessoal da empresa (familiares e não familiares), favorecendo um processo de sucessão qualificado, bem como uma melhoria significativa nos resultados financeiros e crescimento da empresa. Naquele contexto, constatou-se pelos dados quantitativos, que a formação de sucessores possibilita o crescimento da empresa, porém não garante a sua sustentabilidade, e que a educação corporativa em empresas com características familiares pode possibilitar o seu crescimento e sobrevivência. Assim, sugere-se que investir em educação corporativa traz uma mais valia às empresas familiares, no que concerne ao desenvolvimento das competências necessárias aos empregados (familiares e não familiares) para a sustentabilidade do negócio ao longo das gerações.
Family businesses are predominantly the business fabric in the world economy, where scientific research points to the need to professionalize company management and structure the succession process, as there are a large number of companies that do not survive generation changes. The education of young people and adults, with regard to training and the development of skills for the work environment, now has a large space in organizations, which now share this responsibility with the State, as they have difficulties locating in the labor market. professionals that meet the needs of the company, to generate the competitiveness of their businesses in this VUCA world (Volatile, Uncertain, Complex and Ambiguous) in which they are inserted, where constant updates are necessary as a result of technological advances and their effects to produce innovation and generate competitiveness in a globalized market. Corporate education, whose main objective is to develop the skills of an organization's employees, to enable the achievement of strategic objectives, generating business sustainability, appears in this investigation in a family business, defined as a company in which management is carried out by the family. and decisions are their responsibility. Therefore, there was the construction of this thesis in the area of Educational Sciences on the theme Training and Development that deals more specifically with adult education in the work environment called corporate education, in a Brazilian family company. Therefore, it comes to try to fill this gap of the lack of studies uniting the themes of Corporate Education and Family Business. Thus, the objective was to investigate the effect of investments in corporate education in family businesses, in order to identify whether such investments provide the growth and sustainability of these companies, as well as a qualified succession process. The methodological approach centered on a case study, obeyed the ethical requirements authorized by the Ethics Council of Brazil under the number 96058818.9.0000.5052, where contact with people was made after the approval of COÉTICA. The institution that suited the purpose was Betânia Lácteos, located in the Northeast region of Brazil, for having the specific characteristics of a family business and the actions aimed at education at work, as well as meeting the characteristics of a corporate education program, which were the inclusion criteria. We applied semi-structured interviews to the 11 leaders of the top management (Managing Partners, Directors and President) and inquiries to a sample of 330 employees of the company selected for the study, which represents 18.94% of the organization's staff. The case study with mixed method, crossed the qualitative data, in which the speech analysis was carried out using the Nvivo software and quantitative, in which the analysis of the structural equations model (SEM) was carried out using the SmartPLS 3.0 software. The main results were: (i) no barriers were noticed in the implementation of corporate education, as a result of its characteristics as a family business; (ii) there are expectations about the contribution of corporate education to improving the company's performance, where management demonstrates in its actions that it recognizes education as the basis for a society; (iii) the company showed growth, in revenue and size, with investments in technology and corporate education of employees; (iv) investments in corporate education promote growth, but in what concerns the training of successors, it is not enough to promote the sustainability of the family business, for many generations; (v) the performance evaluation program, using the nine-box tool, allows the identification of potential successors and corporate education actions are enabling the qualified training of successors. In view of these results, it is concluded that the prevalence of the relationship, to the detriment of competence, is a challenge to be overcome by family businesses. However, the investments in corporate education made in Betânia Lácteos, demonstrated that these investments enabled the professionalization of the company's staff (family members and non-family members), favoring a qualified succession process, as well as a significant improvement in the company's financial results and growth. In that context, it was found by the quantitative data, that the formation of successors enables the growth of the company, but does not guarantee its sustainability, and that corporate education in companies with family characteristics can enable its growth and survival. Thus, it is suggested that investing in corporate education brings added value to family businesses, with regard to the development of the skills needed by employees (family and non-family) for the sustainability of the business over the generations.
Family businesses are predominantly the business fabric in the world economy, where scientific research points to the need to professionalize company management and structure the succession process, as there are a large number of companies that do not survive generation changes. The education of young people and adults, with regard to training and the development of skills for the work environment, now has a large space in organizations, which now share this responsibility with the State, as they have difficulties locating in the labor market. professionals that meet the needs of the company, to generate the competitiveness of their businesses in this VUCA world (Volatile, Uncertain, Complex and Ambiguous) in which they are inserted, where constant updates are necessary as a result of technological advances and their effects to produce innovation and generate competitiveness in a globalized market. Corporate education, whose main objective is to develop the skills of an organization's employees, to enable the achievement of strategic objectives, generating business sustainability, appears in this investigation in a family business, defined as a company in which management is carried out by the family. and decisions are their responsibility. Therefore, there was the construction of this thesis in the area of Educational Sciences on the theme Training and Development that deals more specifically with adult education in the work environment called corporate education, in a Brazilian family company. Therefore, it comes to try to fill this gap of the lack of studies uniting the themes of Corporate Education and Family Business. Thus, the objective was to investigate the effect of investments in corporate education in family businesses, in order to identify whether such investments provide the growth and sustainability of these companies, as well as a qualified succession process. The methodological approach centered on a case study, obeyed the ethical requirements authorized by the Ethics Council of Brazil under the number 96058818.9.0000.5052, where contact with people was made after the approval of COÉTICA. The institution that suited the purpose was Betânia Lácteos, located in the Northeast region of Brazil, for having the specific characteristics of a family business and the actions aimed at education at work, as well as meeting the characteristics of a corporate education program, which were the inclusion criteria. We applied semi-structured interviews to the 11 leaders of the top management (Managing Partners, Directors and President) and inquiries to a sample of 330 employees of the company selected for the study, which represents 18.94% of the organization's staff. The case study with mixed method, crossed the qualitative data, in which the speech analysis was carried out using the Nvivo software and quantitative, in which the analysis of the structural equations model (SEM) was carried out using the SmartPLS 3.0 software. The main results were: (i) no barriers were noticed in the implementation of corporate education, as a result of its characteristics as a family business; (ii) there are expectations about the contribution of corporate education to improving the company's performance, where management demonstrates in its actions that it recognizes education as the basis for a society; (iii) the company showed growth, in revenue and size, with investments in technology and corporate education of employees; (iv) investments in corporate education promote growth, but in what concerns the training of successors, it is not enough to promote the sustainability of the family business, for many generations; (v) the performance evaluation program, using the nine-box tool, allows the identification of potential successors and corporate education actions are enabling the qualified training of successors. In view of these results, it is concluded that the prevalence of the relationship, to the detriment of competence, is a challenge to be overcome by family businesses. However, the investments in corporate education made in Betânia Lácteos, demonstrated that these investments enabled the professionalization of the company's staff (family members and non-family members), favoring a qualified succession process, as well as a significant improvement in the company's financial results and growth. In that context, it was found by the quantitative data, that the formation of successors enables the growth of the company, but does not guarantee its sustainability, and that corporate education in companies with family characteristics can enable its growth and survival. Thus, it is suggested that investing in corporate education brings added value to family businesses, with regard to the development of the skills needed by employees (family and non-family) for the sustainability of the business over the generations.
Descrição
Este trabalho foi expressamente elaborado como tese original para efeito de obtenção do grau de Doutor em Educação, sendo apresentado na Universidade de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro.
Palavras-chave
Educação no Trabalho , Formação e Desenvolvimento