Leishmaniose canina: estudo de casos do Nordeste Transmontano
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2020-12-10
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A leishmaniose canina (LCan) é uma das mais importantes zoonoses da atualidade e encontra-se em grande expansão devido à atual globalização. Esta doença crónica e potencialmente fatal é causada por protozoários do género Leishmania, cujo ciclo biológico compreende um hospedeiro vertebrado e um invertebrado, sendo este último um inseto flebotomíneo. A LCan tem como principal reservatório o cão, mas existem outras espécies, quer domésticas, quer silváticas que são, também, suscetíveis à doença. A LCan tem uma ampla distribuição mundial e elevada prevalência em diversos países. O objetivo deste trabalho consistiu em analisar casos suspeitos de LCan na Clínica Veterinária VetSantiago, em Bragança, e no Hospital Veterinário da UTAD (HV-UTAD), em Vila Real, incluindo os sinais clínicos, motivos de consulta, decisões clínicas e a profilaxia utilizada, bem como possíveis fatores de risco para o desenvolvimento da doença, numa amostra de animais (58 cães e 1 gato) provenientes dos dois centros de atendimento médicoveterinário (CAMV) do Nordeste Transmontano, na tentativa de caracterizar a população com a doença na região. Procedeu-se também à descrição de três casos clínicos dos 59 animais analisados. A prevalência da LCan na Clínica Veterinária VetSantiago e no HV-UTAD, nos animais analisados, foi de 77,8% e de 100%, respetivamente. A maioria dos animais em estudo eram machos, tinham 10 anos de idade, não apresentavam uma raça definida e pesavam mais de 25 kg. Na Clínica Veterinária VetSantiago, quanto aos motivos da consulta e sinais clínicos mais frequentes foram, em ambos os casos, a presença de outros parasitas. Em relação ao tratamento, a doença foi maioritariamente tratada apenas com alopurinol. No HV-UTAD, as lesões dermatológicas foram o motivo mais frequente para apresentação no CAMV, o sinal clínico predominante diagnosticado foi a linfadenomegalia e a doença foi abordada, maioritariamente, com uma combinação de alopurinol e antimoniato de meglumina. A única profilaxia utilizada, nos casos analisados, em ambos os CAMV, foi a domperidona (Leishguard®).
Canine leishmaniosis (LCan) is one of the most important zoonosis nowadays and it’s in great expansion due to the current globalization. This chronic and potentially fatal disease is caused by protozoa of the genus Leishmania, whose biological cycle comprises a vertebrate host and an invertebrate, the latter being a phebotomine insect. LCan’s main reservoir is the dog, although there are other species, both domestic and sylvatic, which are also susceptible to the disease. LCan has a wide worldwide distribution and high prevalence in several countries. The objective of this paper was to analyse suspected cases of LCan at the Clínica Veterinária VetSantiago, in Bragança, and at the Veterinary Hospital of UTAD (HV-UTAD), in Vila Real, including clinical signs, reasons for consultation, clinical decisions and the prophylaxis used, as well as possible risk factors for the development of the disease, in the sample of animals (58 dogs and 1 cat) from the two veterinary medical care centres (CAMV) of the Northeast of Trás-os-Montes, in an attempt to characterize the population with the disease in the region. We also proceeded to describe three clinical cases of the 59 animals analysed. The prevalence of LCan at Clínica Veterinária VetSantiago and HV-UTAD, in the analysed animals, was 77,8% and 100%, respectively. Most of the animals under study were male, had 10 years old, did not have a defined breed and weighed more than 25kg. At the Clínica Veterinária VetSantiago, the reasons for consultation and the most frequent clinical signs were, in both cases, the presence of other parasites. Regarding the treatment, the disease was mostly treated with allopurinol. In HV-UTAD, dermatological lesions were the most frequent reasons for presentation on the CAMV, the predominant clinical sign was lymphadenomegaly and the disease was mostly addressed with a combination of allopurinol and meglumine antimoniate. The only prophylaxis used in the cases analysed in both CAMV was domperidon (Leisguard®).
Canine leishmaniosis (LCan) is one of the most important zoonosis nowadays and it’s in great expansion due to the current globalization. This chronic and potentially fatal disease is caused by protozoa of the genus Leishmania, whose biological cycle comprises a vertebrate host and an invertebrate, the latter being a phebotomine insect. LCan’s main reservoir is the dog, although there are other species, both domestic and sylvatic, which are also susceptible to the disease. LCan has a wide worldwide distribution and high prevalence in several countries. The objective of this paper was to analyse suspected cases of LCan at the Clínica Veterinária VetSantiago, in Bragança, and at the Veterinary Hospital of UTAD (HV-UTAD), in Vila Real, including clinical signs, reasons for consultation, clinical decisions and the prophylaxis used, as well as possible risk factors for the development of the disease, in the sample of animals (58 dogs and 1 cat) from the two veterinary medical care centres (CAMV) of the Northeast of Trás-os-Montes, in an attempt to characterize the population with the disease in the region. We also proceeded to describe three clinical cases of the 59 animals analysed. The prevalence of LCan at Clínica Veterinária VetSantiago and HV-UTAD, in the analysed animals, was 77,8% and 100%, respectively. Most of the animals under study were male, had 10 years old, did not have a defined breed and weighed more than 25kg. At the Clínica Veterinária VetSantiago, the reasons for consultation and the most frequent clinical signs were, in both cases, the presence of other parasites. Regarding the treatment, the disease was mostly treated with allopurinol. In HV-UTAD, dermatological lesions were the most frequent reasons for presentation on the CAMV, the predominant clinical sign was lymphadenomegaly and the disease was mostly addressed with a combination of allopurinol and meglumine antimoniate. The only prophylaxis used in the cases analysed in both CAMV was domperidon (Leisguard®).
Descrição
Dissertação de Mestrado em Medicina Veterinária
Palavras-chave
Cão , fatores de risco