Conhecimentos sobre prevenção e controlo da infeção de doenças Infeciosas adquiridos devido à pandemia COVID-19 - um estudo na população Portuguesa
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2022-01-31
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A COVID-19 é a doença causada pelo SARS-CoV-2, um coronavírus descoberto em dezembro de 2019, após o aparecimento de casos de pneumonia na cidade de Wuhan, China. Até à data de escrita (18 de outubro de 2021) foram registados mais de 233 milhões de casos confirmados de infeção e causou mais de 4,7 milhões mortes a nível mundial. Em Portugal foram confirmados mais de 1 milhão de casos de infeção e causou cerca de 18 mil mortes. A educação para saúde é fundamental para o controlo e mitigação da pandemia da COVID-19. A instrução da população para a saúde influência diretamente os conhecimentos, atitudes e práticas da população, o que reflete, inevitavelmente, a evolução e as consequências da pandemia. Neste trabalho realizou-se um estudo transversal descritivo a uma amostra da população portuguesa, com o objetivo de avaliar o seu conhecimento sobre a COVID-19, o SARS-CoV-2 e medidas de prevenção e mitigação de pandemias. Para tal, realizou-se um questionário online entre setembro e outubro de 2020, o qual foi aprovado pela Comissão de Ética da UTAD. A amostra da população foi constituída por 411 inquiridos. A maioria dos participantes era do género feminino (76,9%) e tinha o ensino superior completo ou frequentava uma Licenciatura (70,1%). Quase metade dos participantes (49,4%) tinha entre 18-29 anos. Neste estudo, a taxa de respostas corretas no questionário de conhecimento sobre a COVID-19 foi de 81,3%, o que indica um bom conhecimento da população portuguesa sobre a COVID-19 no período em análise. A pontuação das respostas corretas diferiu significativamente entre o género masculino e feminino, sendo significativamente mais elevado no género feminino. O grau de escolaridade também foi significativo, sendo o conhecimento mais elevado no ensino secundário e no ensino superior. Este trabalho contribui para a análise de conhecimento da população portuguesa sobre a COVID-19, no entanto, devido a limitações na representatividade da amostra, os resultados não devem generalizados a toda a população. Sendo assim, mais estudos deste género, realizados na população portuguesa, seriam úteis para uma melhor avaliação do conhecimento acerca da COVID-19.
COVID-19 is a disease caused by SARS-CoV-2, a coronavirus discovered in December 2019, after several cases of pneumonia appeared in Wuhan, China. At the time of writing (October 18, 2021), more than 233 million confirmed cases of infection and 4,7 million deaths have been recorded worldwide. In Portugal, more than 1 million cases of infection and about 18 thousand deaths were confirmed. Health education is crucial for the control and mitigation of the COVID-19 pandemic. Population´s health literacy influences the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of the population directly, which inevitably reflects the evolution and consequences of the pandemic. A descriptive cross-sectional study was performed with a sample of the Portuguese population, to assess their knowledge about COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2 and measures to prevent and mitigate pandemics. To this end, an online questionnaire, approved by the UTAD Ethics Committee, was conducted between September and October 2020. The population sample consisted of 411 respondents. Most of the participants were female (76,9%) and had a high education level, attending a bachelor's degree or above (70,1%). Almost half of the participants (49,4%) were between 18-29 years old. In this study, the correct answer rate of the COVID-19 knowledge questionnaire was 81,3%, which indicates a good knowledge by the Portuguese population about COVID-19 during the period under study. The correct answer score differed significantly between males and females, being significantly higher among females. The level of education was also significant, with the highest knowledge observed in participants who attended high school or above. This study contributes to the analysis of COVID-19 knowledge by the Portuguese population, however, due to limitations in the representativeness of the sample, the results should not be generalized to the entire population. Therefore, more studies of this kind carried out in the Portuguese population would be useful for a better assessment of knowledge about COVID-19.
COVID-19 is a disease caused by SARS-CoV-2, a coronavirus discovered in December 2019, after several cases of pneumonia appeared in Wuhan, China. At the time of writing (October 18, 2021), more than 233 million confirmed cases of infection and 4,7 million deaths have been recorded worldwide. In Portugal, more than 1 million cases of infection and about 18 thousand deaths were confirmed. Health education is crucial for the control and mitigation of the COVID-19 pandemic. Population´s health literacy influences the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of the population directly, which inevitably reflects the evolution and consequences of the pandemic. A descriptive cross-sectional study was performed with a sample of the Portuguese population, to assess their knowledge about COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2 and measures to prevent and mitigate pandemics. To this end, an online questionnaire, approved by the UTAD Ethics Committee, was conducted between September and October 2020. The population sample consisted of 411 respondents. Most of the participants were female (76,9%) and had a high education level, attending a bachelor's degree or above (70,1%). Almost half of the participants (49,4%) were between 18-29 years old. In this study, the correct answer rate of the COVID-19 knowledge questionnaire was 81,3%, which indicates a good knowledge by the Portuguese population about COVID-19 during the period under study. The correct answer score differed significantly between males and females, being significantly higher among females. The level of education was also significant, with the highest knowledge observed in participants who attended high school or above. This study contributes to the analysis of COVID-19 knowledge by the Portuguese population, however, due to limitations in the representativeness of the sample, the results should not be generalized to the entire population. Therefore, more studies of this kind carried out in the Portuguese population would be useful for a better assessment of knowledge about COVID-19.
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Dissertação de Mestrado Integrado em Medicina Veterinária
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Conhecimento , COVID-19