Fatores de bem-estar animal no pré-abate de suínos que influenciam a qualidade da carne: lesões de pele e estudo do impacto no pH da carcaça
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2022-05-30
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Existe uma forte relação entre qualidade de carne e o bem-estar animal, sendo importante uma monitorização eficaz em matadouro. As lesões de pele são consideradas um dos indicadores "iceberg" do bem-estar animal, sendo influenciadas por fatores que antecedem o abate, que também poderão levar a alterações de pH da carne. Este trabalho teve como objetivo principal determinar o impacto do maneio de suínos durante o período de pré-abate no bem-estar animal e na qualidade da carne para consumo. Para tal procedeu-se à caracterização das lesões de pele detetadas na inspeção ante mortem e post mortem e à avaliação do pH da carcaça 45 minutos e 22 horas após o abate e ao estudo do impacto de fatores como a duração do transporte, o tempo de espera em abegoaria, o tempo de jejum e a origem dos animais nas lesões de pele e no pH da carcaça. Neste trabalho, efetuou-se o estudo de caracterização das lesões de pele (forma, tamanho, nº de lesões e cor) de 300 animais e mediu-se o pH de três regiões diferentes da carcaça, 45 minutos e 22 horas após a sangria em 112 desses animais. Como resultados principais, destaca-se que a maior prevalência de lesões de pele ocorreu no dorso e membro pélvico (59,2% das lesões). Os machos castrados estiveram mais predispostos a lesões de pele decorrentes de comportamento agressivo entre animais. As fêmeas apresentaram maior predisposição para lesões associadas a mau maneio e/ou comportamento de monta no pré-abate. Também o tempo de viagem e a origem dos animais estiveram mais associadas a lesões decorrentes de mau maneio. Os machos inteiros estiveram mais predispostos a apresentarem valores de pH 45 minutos após o abate mais baixos e animais sujeitos a viagens com duração superior apresentaram maior suscetibilidade a registar valores de pH 22 horas após o abate superiores. Conclui-se, assim, a importância do controlo regular destes indicadores para uma vigilância mais eficiente do bemestar animal e salvaguarda da qualidade e segurança alimentar.
There is a strong relationship between meat quality and animal welfare, and effective monitoring in slaughterhouses is important. Skin lesions are considered one of the "iceberg" indicators of animal welfare, being influenced by factors that precede slaughter, which may also lead to changes in the pH of the meat. The main objective of this work was to determine the impact of swine management during the pre-slaughter period on animal welfare and meat quality for consumption. To this end, the characterization of the skin lesions detected in the ante mortem and post mortem inspection and the evaluation of the pH of the carcass 45 minutes and 22 hours after slaughter and the study of the impact of factors such as the duration of transport, lairage time in the slaughterhouse, the fasting time and the origin of the animals in the skin lesions and in the pH of the carcass. In this work, the characterization study of the skin lesions (shape, size, severity and color) of 300 animals was carried out and the pH of three different regions of the carcass was measured, 45 minutes and 22 hours after bleeding in 112 of these animals. As main results, it is highlighted that the highest prevalence of skin lesions occurred on the back and pelvic limb (59.2% of lesions). Castrated males were more predisposed to skin lesions resulting from aggressive behaviour between animals. Females were more predisposed to injuries associated with poor handling and/or preslaughter mounting behaviour. Also the travel time and the origin of the animals were more associated with injuries resulting from poor handling. Males were more predisposed to have lower pH values 45 minutes after slaughter and animals subjected to longer trips were more likely to have higher pH values 22 hours after slaughter. It is concluded, therefore, the importance of regular monitoring of these indicators for a more efficient surveillance of animal welfare and safeguarding food quality and safety.
There is a strong relationship between meat quality and animal welfare, and effective monitoring in slaughterhouses is important. Skin lesions are considered one of the "iceberg" indicators of animal welfare, being influenced by factors that precede slaughter, which may also lead to changes in the pH of the meat. The main objective of this work was to determine the impact of swine management during the pre-slaughter period on animal welfare and meat quality for consumption. To this end, the characterization of the skin lesions detected in the ante mortem and post mortem inspection and the evaluation of the pH of the carcass 45 minutes and 22 hours after slaughter and the study of the impact of factors such as the duration of transport, lairage time in the slaughterhouse, the fasting time and the origin of the animals in the skin lesions and in the pH of the carcass. In this work, the characterization study of the skin lesions (shape, size, severity and color) of 300 animals was carried out and the pH of three different regions of the carcass was measured, 45 minutes and 22 hours after bleeding in 112 of these animals. As main results, it is highlighted that the highest prevalence of skin lesions occurred on the back and pelvic limb (59.2% of lesions). Castrated males were more predisposed to skin lesions resulting from aggressive behaviour between animals. Females were more predisposed to injuries associated with poor handling and/or preslaughter mounting behaviour. Also the travel time and the origin of the animals were more associated with injuries resulting from poor handling. Males were more predisposed to have lower pH values 45 minutes after slaughter and animals subjected to longer trips were more likely to have higher pH values 22 hours after slaughter. It is concluded, therefore, the importance of regular monitoring of these indicators for a more efficient surveillance of animal welfare and safeguarding food quality and safety.
Descrição
Dissertação de Mestrado Integrado em Medicina Veterinária
Palavras-chave
bem-estar animal , lesões de pele