Transplante de microbiota fecal como tratamento adjuvante na enterite por parvovírus canino
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2023-02-28
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A enterite por parvovírus, causada pelo parvovírus canino tipo 2, é uma das doenças infeciosas do cão mais graves e frequentes, apresentando elevadas taxas de morbilidade e mortalidade. Esta doença altera a microbiota intestinal, conduzindo à instalação de um quadro de disbiose. Recentemente, após o sucesso dos transplantes de microbiota fecal (TMF) em humanos, o mesmo procedimento tem sido adotado na prática médico-veterinária em casos de doenças gastrointestinais que surgem associadas à disbiose. O TMF consiste na transferência de uma preparação de fezes de um animal saudável para o trato gastrointestinal de um animal recetor de forma a restabelecer a microbiota deste último.
O objetivo do presente trabalho foi verificar se o TMF é benéfico quando aplicado como tratamento adjuvante ao tratamento convencional da enterite por parvovírus canino. Para tal, procedeu-se à administração de TMF a nove cães (quatro fêmeas e cinco machos, média de 2,7 meses de idade) infetados com parvovírus canino e com recurso a um grupo controlo, constituído por nove cães com a mesma doença (sete fêmeas e dois machos, média de 6,9 meses de idade), comparou-se o número de dias de hospitalização e o número de dias até resolução da diarreia que apresentavam.
A análise dos dados clínicos obtidos permitiu observar que tanto o número de dias de hospitalização como o número de dias até resolução da diarreia foram menores para o grupo de animais que receberam este tratamento adjuvante. Para além disso, avaliou-se a evolução clínica e a consistência das fezes dos animais que receberam TMF. Três dias após este procedimento, 67% dos animais estavam clinicamente bem e 56% dos cães apresentavam fezes de consistência normal. Contudo, este trabalho apresentou várias limitações e, portanto, não foram retiradas conclusões relativas à eficácia do TMF quando aplicado como tratamento adjuvante na enterite por PVC.
Parvoviral enteritis, caused by canine parvovirus type 2, is one of the most common and severe diseases in dogs, with a high morbidity and mortality rate. This disease affects the intestinal microbiota causing dysbiosis. Recently, after the success of fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) in Human Medicine, the same procedure was applied in Veterinary Medicine for the treatment of diseases of the gastrointestinal tract and other systemic disorders that are associated with dysbiosis. FMT consists of transferring feces from a healthy donor to the gastrointestinal tract of a recipient animal with the purpose of restoring its microbiome. The goal of this study was to evaluate if the use of FMT is beneficial when applied as an adjuvant to the conventional treatment for canine parvoviral enteritis. To achieve that, FMT was administered to nine dogs (four females and five males, mean age of 2.7 months) infected with canine parvovirus. Afterwards the number of days of hospitalization and resolution of diarrhea presented by these dogs was compared to those shown by a control group, formed equally by nine dogs (seven females and two males, mean age of 6.9 months) with the same disease. It was verified that both variables, number of days of hospitalization and number of days to resolution of diarrhea, were lower for the group of animals that received this adjuvant treatment. In addition, the clinical evolution and stool consistency of the animals receiving FMT were evaluated. Three days after FMT 67% of the animals were clinically well and 56% of the dogs had normal stool consistency. There were, however, several limitations to this study and therefore no conclusions were achieved.
Parvoviral enteritis, caused by canine parvovirus type 2, is one of the most common and severe diseases in dogs, with a high morbidity and mortality rate. This disease affects the intestinal microbiota causing dysbiosis. Recently, after the success of fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) in Human Medicine, the same procedure was applied in Veterinary Medicine for the treatment of diseases of the gastrointestinal tract and other systemic disorders that are associated with dysbiosis. FMT consists of transferring feces from a healthy donor to the gastrointestinal tract of a recipient animal with the purpose of restoring its microbiome. The goal of this study was to evaluate if the use of FMT is beneficial when applied as an adjuvant to the conventional treatment for canine parvoviral enteritis. To achieve that, FMT was administered to nine dogs (four females and five males, mean age of 2.7 months) infected with canine parvovirus. Afterwards the number of days of hospitalization and resolution of diarrhea presented by these dogs was compared to those shown by a control group, formed equally by nine dogs (seven females and two males, mean age of 6.9 months) with the same disease. It was verified that both variables, number of days of hospitalization and number of days to resolution of diarrhea, were lower for the group of animals that received this adjuvant treatment. In addition, the clinical evolution and stool consistency of the animals receiving FMT were evaluated. Three days after FMT 67% of the animals were clinically well and 56% of the dogs had normal stool consistency. There were, however, several limitations to this study and therefore no conclusions were achieved.
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Dissertação de Mestrado Integrado em Medicina Veterinária
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Microbioma , Microbiota