Revisão sistemática: factores de sucesso e abandono escolar. A influência da actividade física no rendimento escolar
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2011
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Resumo
Inúmeros factores responsáveis pelo sucesso ou insucesso escolar têm sido estudados por um grande número de investigadores cientes do problema que tem afectado as nossas escolas: o baixo rendimento escolar. Vários artigos, que abordam este tema, surgem para fornecer variadíssimos planos de acção, de modo a que, maioria dos alunos possa obter sucesso escolar. A actividade física (AF) é um dos meios usados para que os alunos progridam e ascendam a um patamar superior no seu desenvolvimento físico, cognitivo e psicossocial.
A revisão sistemática (RS) é um processo metodológico que sintetiza os estudos de um tema específico e tem a capacidade de revelar lacunas de possíveis investigações. O presente estudo tem como objectivo efectuar a revisão sistemática referente ao tema - “A influência da actividade física no rendimento escolar”. Para isso, foi feita uma pesquisa electrónica e manual de estudos. Foram encontradas quarenta e cinco publicações, mas apenas onze satisfizeram os requisitos de inclusão.
As principais conclusões são as seguintes: i) no geral, quanto mais velhos são os alunos, menor é a quantidade de AF que realizam; ii) o género masculino é o que mais AF pratica; iii) a AF influência positivamente o RE; iv) alunos com condições socioeconómicas mais baixas realizam maior quantidade de AF e/ou AF mais intensa, mas tem índices de RE mais baixos; v) Não foi possível chegar a uma conclusão relativamente à relação entre AF realizada dentro da escola e AF realizada fora da escola.
Many factors responsible for success or failure at school have been studied by many researchers being of the problem which has affected our schools: the poor academic performance. Several articles addressing this issue appear to provide many different plans of action so that most of the students can have experience of academic success. Physical activity is one of the means used for students to progress and ascend to a higher level in their physical, cognitive and psychosocial development. Systematic review is methodological processes that synthesizes the studies for a specific theme and have the capacity to reveal gaps in possible investigations. This study is aimed to conduct a review of the literature on the subject - "The influence of physical activity in school." For this, there was a survey of studies, held in libraries and the Internet. Forty five publications were found but only eleven met the requirements for inclusion. The main conclusions are as follows: i) in the general, the older students, do less physical activity; ii) the male gender realize more physical activity; iii) physical activity positively influence the school performance; iv) students with lower socio-economic conditions achieve more physical activity and/or physical activity more intense but have lower rates of school performance; v) unable to reach a conclusion on the relationship between physical activity performed at school and physical activity performed outside the school.
Many factors responsible for success or failure at school have been studied by many researchers being of the problem which has affected our schools: the poor academic performance. Several articles addressing this issue appear to provide many different plans of action so that most of the students can have experience of academic success. Physical activity is one of the means used for students to progress and ascend to a higher level in their physical, cognitive and psychosocial development. Systematic review is methodological processes that synthesizes the studies for a specific theme and have the capacity to reveal gaps in possible investigations. This study is aimed to conduct a review of the literature on the subject - "The influence of physical activity in school." For this, there was a survey of studies, held in libraries and the Internet. Forty five publications were found but only eleven met the requirements for inclusion. The main conclusions are as follows: i) in the general, the older students, do less physical activity; ii) the male gender realize more physical activity; iii) physical activity positively influence the school performance; iv) students with lower socio-economic conditions achieve more physical activity and/or physical activity more intense but have lower rates of school performance; v) unable to reach a conclusion on the relationship between physical activity performed at school and physical activity performed outside the school.
Descrição
Dissertação de Mestrado em Ensino da Educação Física nos Ensinos Básico e Secundário
Palavras-chave
Actividade física , Rendimento escolar , Sucesso escolar , Abandono escolar , Insucesso escolar