Estudo multicêntrico: diagnóstico de claudicação em 83 equinos (20087 - 2009)
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2009
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Título: Estudo multicêntrico: Diagnóstico de claudicação em 83 equinos (2008-2009).
Introdução: A claudicação é uma indicação de desordem estrutural ou funcional no/s membro/s e/ou no dorso, que é evidente quando o cavalo está parado ou em movimento. É sem dúvida o problema médico mais importante em cavalos. A claudicação do/s membro/s, os problemas de casco, e a claudicação multifactorial representam respectivamente o 1º, 4º e 8º problemas de saúde mais frequentes.
Métodos: Avaliação dos registos médicos de 83 casos de claudicação em equinos, provenientes de 1 equipa ambulatória e 2 Hospitais Veterinários.
Resultados: Dos 83 equinos analisados, 36 foram diagnosticados com patologias dos tecidos moles. No geral, os diagnósticos mais frequentes foram a dor no casco devido a desequilíbrio (n=7), seguida da laminite (n=5), da desmite do LSB (n=4), da desmite do ligamento anular plantar (n=3), da OA da articulação IFD (n=3), da desmite do LATFDP (n=2), da fractura do rádio (n=2), da fractura da P3 (n=2), e da OCD da articulação tarsocrural (n=2). Os equinos provenientes de cruzamentos (n=19), de sexo masculino (n=56), e com idade compreendida entre os 8 e 12 anos (n=35) foram os mais afectados. A maioria das claudicações dos MA’s estava localizada na região distal ao boleto, enquanto nos MP’s estava localizada entre a articulação TMT e o boleto. Os resultados obtidos evidenciam que a maioria dos animais não apresentou alterações no exame visual e exame físico. A maioria dos equinos apresentou um grau de claudicação 2/5 (n=25) ao trote em linha recta, com vários animais a aumentarem o seu grau no trote circular em superfície dura (n=16). O exame complementar de diagnóstico predominantemente realizado foi a radiografia, sendo aquela que maior quantidade de informação forneceu.
Conclusão: Nem sempre o exame visual e o exame físico apresentam alterações nas claudicações em equinos. O conhecimento das variáveis que diferem significativamente entre as diferentes patologias, como o sexo, a actividade, e o grau de claudicação, podem ser úteis na execução de um rápido e correcto diagnóstico. A idade desempenha um papel importante no grau de claudicação e no sexo.
Title: A multicenter study: Diagnosis of lameness in 83 horses (2008-2009). Introduction: Lameness is an indication of a structural or functional disorder in the limb/s and/or the back that is evident while the horse is standing or in movement. Lameness is arguably the most important medical problem in horses. Limb lameness, hoof and foot problems, and ‘‘whole-body’’ lameness account for the first, fourth, and eighth most frequently reported health problems. Methods: Medical records evaluation from 83 cases of lameness in horses, from 1 veterinary field team and 2 Veterinary Hospitals. Results: Of the 83 horses examined, 36 were diagnosed with diseases that originate in the soft tissues. In general, the most frequent diagnosed problems were pain in the hoof due to imbalance (n=7), followed by laminitis (n=5), suspensory ligament desmitis (n=4), plantar annular ligament desmitis (n=3), distal interphalangeal joint osteoarthritis (n=3), inferior check ligament desmitis (n=2), radius fracture (n=2), distal phalanx fracture (n=2), and osteocondrosis/osteocondritis of the tarsocrural joint (n=2). Horses from crosses (n=19), male horses (n=56), aged between 8 and 12 years (n=35) were the most affected. Most of the forelimb lameness was located distal to the fetlock, and on the other hand, the hindlimb lameness was located between the TMT joint and the fetlock joint. The results show that most animals did not present any visual exam or physical exam changes. Most horses had a lameness degree of 2/5 (n=25) at a trot in a straight line, with various animals increasing their degree at the circular trot on a hard surface (n=16). The radiographic exam was the most used, and also the one that provided greater amount of information. Conclusion: Not always the visual and physical examination have changes in lameness in horses. Knowledge of variables that differ significantly between the different pathologies such as sex, activity, and lameness may be useful in carrying out a prompt and correct diagnosis. Age plays an important role in lameness degree and sex.
Title: A multicenter study: Diagnosis of lameness in 83 horses (2008-2009). Introduction: Lameness is an indication of a structural or functional disorder in the limb/s and/or the back that is evident while the horse is standing or in movement. Lameness is arguably the most important medical problem in horses. Limb lameness, hoof and foot problems, and ‘‘whole-body’’ lameness account for the first, fourth, and eighth most frequently reported health problems. Methods: Medical records evaluation from 83 cases of lameness in horses, from 1 veterinary field team and 2 Veterinary Hospitals. Results: Of the 83 horses examined, 36 were diagnosed with diseases that originate in the soft tissues. In general, the most frequent diagnosed problems were pain in the hoof due to imbalance (n=7), followed by laminitis (n=5), suspensory ligament desmitis (n=4), plantar annular ligament desmitis (n=3), distal interphalangeal joint osteoarthritis (n=3), inferior check ligament desmitis (n=2), radius fracture (n=2), distal phalanx fracture (n=2), and osteocondrosis/osteocondritis of the tarsocrural joint (n=2). Horses from crosses (n=19), male horses (n=56), aged between 8 and 12 years (n=35) were the most affected. Most of the forelimb lameness was located distal to the fetlock, and on the other hand, the hindlimb lameness was located between the TMT joint and the fetlock joint. The results show that most animals did not present any visual exam or physical exam changes. Most horses had a lameness degree of 2/5 (n=25) at a trot in a straight line, with various animals increasing their degree at the circular trot on a hard surface (n=16). The radiographic exam was the most used, and also the one that provided greater amount of information. Conclusion: Not always the visual and physical examination have changes in lameness in horses. Knowledge of variables that differ significantly between the different pathologies such as sex, activity, and lameness may be useful in carrying out a prompt and correct diagnosis. Age plays an important role in lameness degree and sex.
Descrição
Dissertação de Mestrado em Medicina Veterinária
Palavras-chave
Claudicação em equinos