Gestão de resíduos em estaleiros de construção
Ficheiros
Data
2013
Autores
Título da revista
ISSN da revista
Título do Volume
Editora
Resumo
O decreto-lei n.º 178/2006 de 5 de Setembro estabelece o regime geral de gestão de resíduos e o decreto-lei n.º 46/2008 de 12 de Março, com as alterações impostas pelo novo decreto-lei n.º 73/2011, estabelecem o regime das operações de gestão de resíduos de construção e demolição (RCD). Este último fixa as regras para as operações de gestão de resíduos resultantes de obras ou demolições de edifícios ou de derrocadas, compreendendo a sua prevenção e reutilização e as suas operações de recolha, transporte, armazenagem, triagem, tratamento, valorização e eliminação.
Os referenciais ISO 9001 e ISO 14001 constituem uma referência internacional para a Certificação de Sistemas de Gestão da Qualidade e do Ambiente. A Certificação do Sistema de Gestão da Qualidade é dirigida a qualquer organização, pública ou privada, independentemente da sua dimensão e sector de actividade.
A área de negócio de reciclagem dos resíduos de construção consiste em atingir elevadas metas de reciclagem e reutilização de resíduos aquando das demolições. Deverá ser feito um armazenamento, triagem e valorização de forma a maximizar a reutilização e reciclagem destes produtos, visando assim dar resposta a um dos principais problemas sentidos pelo sector da construção civil em Portugal.
As metodologias adoptadas nesta área da gestão de resíduos têm por base a elaboração do plano de gestão de resíduos, a recolha, triagem e acondicionamento dos materiais recicláveis em primeiro lugar, seguindo-se o uso do desmantelamento e a britagem dos inertes, de forma, a maximizar a reutilização e reciclagem. Os resíduos produzidos são sujeitos a uma operação de controlo de qualidade e em função das suas características, qualidade, estado de contaminação dos materiais são objecto de valorização, reciclagem ou tratamento.
De facto a actividade da construção civil, para além de gerar uma quantidade muito significativa de RCD, produz resíduos químicos e fisicamente muito distintos, que poderão ser classificados como perigosos, não perigosos ou inertes.
Realizou-se um estudo sobre os RCD aplicando o enquadramento legal aplicável aos RCD. Procurou-se apresentar qual a hierarquia de gestão de RCD a aplicar e os possíveis reaproveitamentos de RCD, assim como quais os procedimentos de gestão de RCD a serem aplicados nas fases de projecto, de demolição e de construção. De seguida expôs-se um caso prático sobre gestão de RCD em estaleiro de construção com análises e resultados adquiridos.
Decree-law n.º 178/2006 of the 5th of September establishes the general scheme of waste management and decree-law n.º 46/2008, of the 12th of March, establishes the construction waste management operations related to construction and demolition waste (CDW). The second decree-law lays down rules for management operations of waste resulting from construction or demolition of buildings or landslides, including its prevention and reuse of their operations and collection, transportation, storage, sorting, treatment, recovery and disposal. The references ISO 9001 and ISO 14001 are an international reference for the Certification of Quality Management Systems and the environment. Certification of Quality Management System is aimed at any organization, public or private, regardless of its size and sector of activity. The business area of Construction Waste Recycling aims to achieve higher targets for recycling and reuse of waste during the demolition. Storage, sorting, recovery, and recycling of CDW should be made in order to maximize the reuse and recycling of these products, aiming to address one of the main problems faced by the construction sector in Portugal. The methodologies adopted in the area of waste management are based on the preparation of the management plan for waste collection, sorting and packaging of recyclable materials first, followed by the use of dismantling and crushing of inert, in order to maximize reuse and recycling. Upon received waste is subject to a quality control operation and depending on their features, qualities, state of contamination of the materials are subject to recovery, recycling or treatment. The activity of construction, in addition to generating a very significant amount of CDW, produces chemical waste, and physically very distinct, which may be classified as dangerous, non-dangerous or aggregates. This essay about CDW and its legal environment. The aim was to present the management hierarchy of CDW and apply a possible reuse as well as which are the procedures‟ of CDW to be applied at the several stages of a project of demolition and construction. In addition, a practical case was presented related to CDW management in a construction site with analysis and results obtained.
Decree-law n.º 178/2006 of the 5th of September establishes the general scheme of waste management and decree-law n.º 46/2008, of the 12th of March, establishes the construction waste management operations related to construction and demolition waste (CDW). The second decree-law lays down rules for management operations of waste resulting from construction or demolition of buildings or landslides, including its prevention and reuse of their operations and collection, transportation, storage, sorting, treatment, recovery and disposal. The references ISO 9001 and ISO 14001 are an international reference for the Certification of Quality Management Systems and the environment. Certification of Quality Management System is aimed at any organization, public or private, regardless of its size and sector of activity. The business area of Construction Waste Recycling aims to achieve higher targets for recycling and reuse of waste during the demolition. Storage, sorting, recovery, and recycling of CDW should be made in order to maximize the reuse and recycling of these products, aiming to address one of the main problems faced by the construction sector in Portugal. The methodologies adopted in the area of waste management are based on the preparation of the management plan for waste collection, sorting and packaging of recyclable materials first, followed by the use of dismantling and crushing of inert, in order to maximize reuse and recycling. Upon received waste is subject to a quality control operation and depending on their features, qualities, state of contamination of the materials are subject to recovery, recycling or treatment. The activity of construction, in addition to generating a very significant amount of CDW, produces chemical waste, and physically very distinct, which may be classified as dangerous, non-dangerous or aggregates. This essay about CDW and its legal environment. The aim was to present the management hierarchy of CDW and apply a possible reuse as well as which are the procedures‟ of CDW to be applied at the several stages of a project of demolition and construction. In addition, a practical case was presented related to CDW management in a construction site with analysis and results obtained.
Descrição
Dissertação de Mestrado em Engenharia Civil
Palavras-chave
Construção civil , Gestão de resíduos