Divórcio, vinculação aos pais e irmãos: desenvolvimento do processo resiliente e bem-estar psicológico
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2014-05-22
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À luz da teoria da vinculação, o desenvolvimento humano torna-se consideravelmente saudável diante de vínculos seguros estabelecidos com as figuras primordiais de afeto, geralmente, representadas pelos pais. Tanto a figura materna como a paterna dão o seu contributo para a construção de sujeitos com uma segurança e confiança envolvente tão forte que os faz enfrentar e superar as adversidades com que a vida lhes presenteia. Demonstrando a sua capacidade de resiliência, a sua resistência, força e atitude perante a vida.
A perceção dos filhos das figuras parentais enquanto bases seguras demonstra-se um contributo para o desenvolvimento desse processo resiliente, recriando sentimentos de segurança, autoestima e autoconfiança, que se refletem no bem-estar psicológico dos adolescentes. Mas, além da pertinência da relação entre pais e filhos, também uma ligação fraterna significativa se torna promotora de adolescentes mais bem-sucedidos tanto pessoal como socialmente e impulsionadora de indivíduos resilientes.
Neste sentido, o objetivo do estudo é observar a importância da vinculação desenvolvida com as figuras parentais e a qualidade da ligação aos irmãos no desenvolvimento do processo resiliente e bem-estar de jovens adolescentes diante de acontecimentos de vida significativos, como é considerada a crise familiar vivenciada no processo de divórcio. A amostra é composta por 467 adolescentes entre os 12 e 19 anos provenientes de ambas as configurações familiares. Os dados foram recolhidos através de um questionário sociodemográfico, o Questionário de Vinculação ao Pai e à Mãe, o Sibling Relationship Questionnaire, a Resilience Scale e a Échelle de Mesure des Manifestations du Bien-Être Psychologique. Os resultados, discutidos à luz da teoria da vinculação, evidenciaram a preeminência dos vínculos, desenvolvimento de bases seguras entre pais e filhos, mais do que a própria configuração familiar, para a qualidade das relações fraternas. E ainda a contribuição das ligações construídas no seio familiar (tanto com os pais como com os irmãos) no desenvolvimento de competências em torno da resiliência e na promoção do bem-estar dos adolescentes.
According to attachment theory, human development becomes healthy through secure connections established with the primary figures of affection, usually represented by parents. The mother figure as the father give their contribution to the construction of people with a surrounding safety and confidence so strong that makes them confront and overcome the adversities that life presents them. Demonstrating its resilience, its endurance, strength and attitude to life. The perception of children from parental figures as secure bases demonstrates a contribution to the development of this resilient process, recreating feelings of security, self-esteem and confidence, which are reflected in the psychological well-being of adolescents. But, beyond the relevance of the relationship between parents and children, also a significant fraternal bond becomes promoter of more successful teenagers, both personally and socially and booster of resilient individuals. In this sense, the objective of the study is to observe the importance of the bound developed with parental figures and the quality of the connection with siblings on the development of the resilient process and young adolescents‘ well-being facing significant life events, as it is considered a family crisis experienced in the divorce process. The sample consists in 467 adolescents between the ages of 12 and 19 years old from both family configurations. Data were collected through a demographic questionnaire, the Questionnaire of bond to Father and Mother, the Sibling Relationship Questionnaire, the Resilience Scale and Scale of Measurement of Manifestation of Psychological Well-being. The results, discussed according to the attachment theory, emphasized the preeminence of bonds, development of secure bases between parents and children, more than their own family setting, for the quality of fraternal relations. The results also emphasize the contribution of bonds built within the family (both parents and with siblings) on the development of skills resilience and promoting the well-being of adolescents.
According to attachment theory, human development becomes healthy through secure connections established with the primary figures of affection, usually represented by parents. The mother figure as the father give their contribution to the construction of people with a surrounding safety and confidence so strong that makes them confront and overcome the adversities that life presents them. Demonstrating its resilience, its endurance, strength and attitude to life. The perception of children from parental figures as secure bases demonstrates a contribution to the development of this resilient process, recreating feelings of security, self-esteem and confidence, which are reflected in the psychological well-being of adolescents. But, beyond the relevance of the relationship between parents and children, also a significant fraternal bond becomes promoter of more successful teenagers, both personally and socially and booster of resilient individuals. In this sense, the objective of the study is to observe the importance of the bound developed with parental figures and the quality of the connection with siblings on the development of the resilient process and young adolescents‘ well-being facing significant life events, as it is considered a family crisis experienced in the divorce process. The sample consists in 467 adolescents between the ages of 12 and 19 years old from both family configurations. Data were collected through a demographic questionnaire, the Questionnaire of bond to Father and Mother, the Sibling Relationship Questionnaire, the Resilience Scale and Scale of Measurement of Manifestation of Psychological Well-being. The results, discussed according to the attachment theory, emphasized the preeminence of bonds, development of secure bases between parents and children, more than their own family setting, for the quality of fraternal relations. The results also emphasize the contribution of bonds built within the family (both parents and with siblings) on the development of skills resilience and promoting the well-being of adolescents.
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Dissertação de Mestrado em Psicologia Clínica
Palavras-chave
Divórcio , Comportamento de vinculação , Bem-estar psicológico