Face à espiritualidade: uma educação para a morte
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2014-08-29
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O contacto privilegiado com crianças e jovens tem vindo a revelar-nos, ao longo dos anos, uma crescente apatia e desinteresse, patenteados, frequentemente, na falta de um projecto de vida. Este facto levou a que questionássemos os motivos que concorrem para que tal aconteça e a discutir, por isso, o papel da educação e, mais concretamente, da escola no desenvolvimento pleno de capacidades e competências que permitam aos jovens entender-se como seres dignos, mas efémeros. O objectivo deste trabalho é, por conseguinte, compreender de que forma a escola pública portuguesa promove, ou não, o desenvolvimento da espiritualidade integrador da educação para a morte.
Assim, ao longo deste trabalho, dividido em quatro grandes capítulos, procurámos perspectivar o homem como um ser espiritual e mortal. Estabelecemos o diagnóstico da situação vivida nas nossas escolas, quanto à questão da dimensão espiritual das crianças e jovens, o que nos levou, também, à análise de várias perspectivas éticas, enquanto fundamento de educação em valores. E, por fim, debruçámo-nos sobre a educação para a morte, integrando aqui uma proposta didáctica.
Fazendo um estudo baseado num método hermenêutico/problematizador, contamos poder contribuir para demonstrar que podem introduzir-se algumas melhorias na educação e no sistema educativo quando se considera o desenvolvimento da espiritualidade e a educação para a morte.
Esta abordagem teórica poderá, assim, constituir um ponto de partida para experiências pedagógicas inovadoras e promotoras de um desenvolvimento integral e equilibrado das crianças e dos jovens que frequentam a escola pública em Portugal e permitir uma discussão mais abrangente sobre filosofias e políticas educativas direccionadas ao desenvolvimento de cada ser humano, efémero, mas singular e irrepetível.
The privileged contact with children and young people, along the years, has revealed an increasing apathy and indifference often demonstrated by the absence of a life project. This fact has led us to question the motives that contribute to this situation and, therefore, to discuss the role of education and, more precisely, of school in the full development of skills and competences that allow youngsters to see themselves as dignified beings, yet ephemeral. The aim of this work is, thus, to understand the way the Portuguese public school promotes, or not, the development of spirituality integrating an education concerned with death. As a consequence, throughout the pages of this work, divided in four major chapters, we tried to view the man as a spiritual and mortal being. We made the diagnosis of the situation in our schools, concerning children and young people’s spirituality, which also led us to the analysis of several ethical perspectives as the basis of a values-based education. Finally, we discuss death education and present a proposal of spiritual education that refers to this theme. By presenting a study based on an hermeneutical/problematical approach, we intend to demonstrate that some improvement can be brought to education and, in particular, to the educational system, when the development of spirituality and death education is considered. This theoretical approach can, therefore, establish a starting point to innovative pedagogical experiences, promoting the full balanced development of children and teenagers that attend the Portuguese public school and allowing a broader discussion about educational philosophies and policies, intended for the development of each human being, mortal, but unique and unrepeatable.
The privileged contact with children and young people, along the years, has revealed an increasing apathy and indifference often demonstrated by the absence of a life project. This fact has led us to question the motives that contribute to this situation and, therefore, to discuss the role of education and, more precisely, of school in the full development of skills and competences that allow youngsters to see themselves as dignified beings, yet ephemeral. The aim of this work is, thus, to understand the way the Portuguese public school promotes, or not, the development of spirituality integrating an education concerned with death. As a consequence, throughout the pages of this work, divided in four major chapters, we tried to view the man as a spiritual and mortal being. We made the diagnosis of the situation in our schools, concerning children and young people’s spirituality, which also led us to the analysis of several ethical perspectives as the basis of a values-based education. Finally, we discuss death education and present a proposal of spiritual education that refers to this theme. By presenting a study based on an hermeneutical/problematical approach, we intend to demonstrate that some improvement can be brought to education and, in particular, to the educational system, when the development of spirituality and death education is considered. This theoretical approach can, therefore, establish a starting point to innovative pedagogical experiences, promoting the full balanced development of children and teenagers that attend the Portuguese public school and allowing a broader discussion about educational philosophies and policies, intended for the development of each human being, mortal, but unique and unrepeatable.
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Tese de Doutoramento em Ciências da Educação
Palavras-chave
Educação , Morte , Espiritualidade