DESG - Livro de Ata de ConferĂȘncia

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    A inovação no contexto do grupo Whatsapp “Peixe de Rondînia” visando a sustentabilidade da aquicultura
    2019 - Santos, Marcos CĂ©sar; Madureira, Livia Maria Costa; Braga, Aurineide; Marques, Carlos Peixeira
    A aquicultura Ă© uma atividade produtiva e em expansĂŁo mundial, cujo crescimento visa responder Ă  demanda por alimentos proteicos. Este artigo destaca o crescimento desta atividade na regiĂŁo sul da AmazĂŽnia Brasileira, onde foram produzidas 90 mil toneladas de peixes nativos em 2017, notadamente em sistemas de confinamento de tanques escavados. Esta realidade pode trazer desafios Ă  sustentabilidade, que podem comprometer a atividade a longo prazo e colocar em risco os ecossistemas locais. Os aquicultores, juntamente com outros interessados no setor, estĂŁo discutindo soluçÔes para superar os desafios ambientais, sociais e econĂŽmicos. Este artigo analisa quĂŁo efetivas podem ser as redes sociais, em especial a rede social on-line (RSO) de mĂșltiplos atores, na disseminação da informação visando a inovação, atuando como comunidades digitais e prĂĄtica. Para tanto, foram analisadas as mensagens trocadas no grupo whatsapp "Peixe de RondĂŽnia", durante o perĂ­odo de agosto de 2016 a outubro de 2017, correspondente a 15 meses, por 236 atores, compreendendo fornecedores de insumos e equipamentos, indĂșstria e comĂ©rcio Ă  montante e 158 aquicultores cobrindo a diversidade de produtores em termos de dimensĂŁo da exploração e sistema de produção, bem como representantes dos setores institucional, comunidade cientĂ­fica, incluindo a mĂ­dia, entre outros. As mensagens foram examinadas com a tĂ©cnica de anĂĄlise de conteĂșdo convencional na perspectiva exploratĂłria, apoiada por exames estatĂ­sticos e interpretaçÔes lexicais da lematização com o software Iramuteq versĂŁo 0.7 alpha 2. Os resultados sugerem que os produtores de peixe tĂȘm preocupaçÔes com a informação sobre inovação, tanto nos processos produtivos quanto na gestĂŁo de tecnologias, e foco em aspectos que influenciam a produtividade dos peixes. Alguns aspectos podem ser encontrados entre a sustentabilidade econĂŽmica e ecolĂłgica, se os produtores de peixe pudessem adotar um programa de certificação.
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    Hosts’ support for tourism development: the importance of affective reactions
    2019-10-10 - Rodrigues, Ana Paula; Marques, Carlos Peixeira
    Tourism development generates both positive and negative impacts on host communities. However, in the initial exploration and involvement stages, the relationships between visitors and hosts and the impacts of tourism are usually perceived as positive. Building on the Affect Theory of Social Exchange (ATSE), this paper proposes that a positive experience with tourists and the perceived benefits of tourism development elicit positive anticipated emotions, thus increasing community attachment and support for tourism development (STD). A quantitative approach was adopted through the application of a face-to-face questionnaire survey to dwellers from a total of 25 communities (nine urban and 16 rural) in the Douro Wine Region, Portugal. The structured questionnaire was developed combining latent variable scales from the literature about STD. A total of 461 usable responses were obtained and analysed in a partial least squares structural equations model in order to assess how the proposed antecedents determine STD. As expected, residents’ perceptions of the tourism benefits positively influence their STD. The results offer support for the relationship between tourism benefits and positive anticipated emotions. Also, positive anticipated emotions significantly and positively influence community attachment and residents’ STD. Moreover, community attachment has a positive impact on residents’ STD. As predicted, the quality of interaction between residents and tourists was a significant determinant of perceptions regarding tourism benefits (instrumental attitude) and positive anticipated emotions. However, the latter effect, although significant, is quite small. When considering total effects, we confirm that STD depends heavily on the instrumental attitude, but the anticipated emotions partially mediate that effect. From a theoretical point of view, this study contributes to conceptualise and assess, in accordance with ATSE, the mediating role of anticipated emotions to predict residents’ attachment (i.e. affect attributed to a group) and STD. Concerning practical implications, it is suggested that stakeholders interested in increased STD should reinforce beliefs about the benefits of tourism, but should also act on other factors that may elicit positive feelings towards the prospects of tourism development. It should be acknowledged that Douro is an emerging destination, where STD is quite high. In mature destinations, particularly when a sense of overtourism is evident, STD should be modelled as depending also from negative reactions, i.e. perceived costs and negative anticipated emotions.
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    The structure of destination image and its influence on visiting intentions
    2019 - Marques, Carlos Peixeira
    Tourists’ perceptions, impressions, and feelings about a destination, subsumed in the concept of destination image, are usually considered one of the main determinants of volitions and conations referring to that destination, like the intention to visit. One of the most applied ideas is that feelings (affective image) somewhat mediate the effect of perceptions (cognitive image) on conations. Other studies include an overall image measure mediating between the cognitive component and the conative outcomes. Most studies on the subject establish a direct relationship between one or several components of destination image and the pre-trip behavioral intentions. Few have proposed theoretical foundations, resorting to models extensively used in the consumer behavior literature, such as the Theory of Planned Behavior or the Model of Goal-directed Behavior. Applying these theories to the destination image context presumes that image influences the antecedents of intentions, such as the overall attitude or the desire. In this framework this paper assesses how different components of destination image affect: the attitude towards visiting; the desire to visit; and the intention to visit in a specified near future. It applies established theories to structure the image components and their effects. From the Goal-directed Behavior theory, it is posited that intentions result from desire, which in turn depends on attitude. From image formation models, feelings are supposed to depend on beliefs and impressions. Although attribute beliefs and holistic impressions may influence each other, we assume that tourists somehow relate the more abstract impression to some attributes, particularly those most iconic of the destination. All image constituents are supposed to contribute to attitude, which is frequently confounded with the overall image concept. Desire is particularly affected by exciting feelings. Regarding intentions, according to the theory of Goal-directed Behavior they should only indirectly depend from image. The model was tested in a random telephone sample of 513 potential travelers living in the metropolitan areas of Lisbon and Oporto, Portugal. Results from PLS- SEM show that the proximal antecedent desire is the only direct predictor of intentions, but nevertheless image significantly impacts intentions via the proposed mediators. The study also offers support for a hierarchical conception under which affective image depends both on attribute beliefs and holistic impressions, while attributes also influence the holistic component. The relative importance of these image components in explaining attitudes, desires and intentions is discussed from academic and managerial viewpoints.
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    Adoção da pråtica de enrelvamento em Trås-os-Montes e Alto Douro: um modelo de comportamento orientado para metas
    2019 - Fonseca, Ana; Marques, Carlos Peixeira; Madureira, Livia Maria Costa
    A decisĂŁo de introduzir uma inovação Ă© um processo deliberativo intencional, com vista a atingir fins valorizados pelo decisor. No quadro da Teoria do Comportamento Orientado para Metas (MGDB), este artigo propĂ”e um modelo em que os desejos e as intençÔes de adotar uma determinada prĂĄtica agrĂ­cola sustentĂĄvel sĂŁo influenciados por fatores como: crenças relativas Ă s vantagens e desvantagens da inovação; emoçÔes antecipadas e antecipatĂłrias relativamente Ă  adoção da prĂĄtica inovadora; normas sociais relevantes para o agricultor; exequibilidade da prĂĄtica, tendo em conta a eficĂĄcia do agricultor e os seus recursos percebidos. PropĂ”e-se a aplicação do modelo analisando os efeitos destas variĂĄveis sobre a intenção de adotar a prĂĄtica do enrelvamento por parte de produtores de amĂȘndoa, vinha, olival e castanheiro da regiĂŁo de TrĂĄs-os-Montes e Alto Douro. AtravĂ©s de um estudo transversal de cariz quantitativo a uma amostra de 150 agricultores, estima-se a predição do modelo estrutural pelo mĂ©todo dos mĂ­nimos quadrados parciais (PLS-SEM). O principal contributo deste estudo Ă© discutir como os fatores emocionais e sociais interferem no processo de adoção de uma prĂĄtica sustentĂĄvel, nomeadamente num contexto marcado pela tradição e pela identidade comunitĂĄria, onde as decisĂ”es nĂŁo dependem exclusivamente das vantagens e da exequibilidade da inovação.
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    Health values, food claims and the intention to use organic olive oil: an extended model of goal-directed behaviour
    2019 - Campos, Susana; Marques, Carlos Peixeira; Madureira, Livia Maria Costa
    The choice of healthy food is influenced by different factors, such as demographics, social influences, and a complex of psychological processes involving values, cognition, affect and volitions. For example, individuals may use knowledge about the un/healthy properties of foods when they make choices, but knowledge alone is insufficient to determine food choices, as it interacts with individual, social, and environmental facilitators and barriers. In the framework of the Model of Goal-Directed Behaviour (MGB), consuming healthy food is a volitive process resulting from long-term values and goals that influence behavioural desires in conjunction with attitudes, social norms and perceived control regarding the consumption. Adopting this framework, this paper develops an extended MGB to predict the intention to use extra-virgin organic olive oil (EVOOO) as the main edible oil. Intention depends on social norms and on behavioural desire, control, and attitude. To accommodate the influence of health-related goals and attitudes, we conceptualise two facets of EVOOO attitudes: healthy food, depending on the value attributed to health and anticipated emotions of approaching healthy eating; safe food, depending on the concern with food safety and anticipated emotions of avoiding unhealthy foods. Both attitudinal facets are additionally influenced by how consumers use and trust food claims. The model was tested in a cross-sectional survey of 799 German olive oil consumers. Results from a PLS-SEM model reasonably predict behavioural intentions and desires and globally confirm the hypotheses of the research model, with the exception of the avoidance path. This study makes a theoretical contribution by incorporating health values and food claims as antecedents of attitudes regarding food, namely EVOOO. From a practical perspective, it discusses how claims, beliefs, and subjective norms may heighten the volitions regarding the use of EVOOO.
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    Beliefs, desire, and volitions to use organic olive oil: comparing consumers from Spain and Sweden
    2019-10-24 - Campos, Susana; Marques, Carlos Peixeira; Madureira, Livia Maria Costa
    Olive oil is considered a key element of the Mediterranean Diet. For centuries, it has been included, raw or cooked, in almost every meal. On the contrary, its use was unusual in the Northern European cuisine, but, although still limited, the consumption has increased tenfold in the last 25 years. The penetration of olive oil outside the Mediterranean Basin depends on attitudes and social norms that have been shaping a trend of change in eating and culinary habits. These include beliefs about the healthy properties of this oil, which are increasingly related to more environmental-friendly and sustainable processes of growing olives and extracting oil. In this context, the present paper makes a cross-cultural analysis of the intention to use extra-virgin organic olive oil (EVOOO) as the main edible oil, comparing consumers from the largest olive oil producer in the World – Spain – with those from Sweden, a Nordic country where the consumption increased steeply and where the environmental-friendly claims are most valued. A sample of 800 olive oil consumers was selected in each country to answer a standardised online questionnaire. The model here assessed proposes that intention depends on social norms, on behavioural desire, on the strength of beliefs regarding attributes of EVOOO, and on how consumers consider producers’ environmental-friendly claims. Results from an importance-performance map analysis (SmartPLS) show that beliefs and descriptive norms are stronger in Spain. Regarding the impact on the intention, the descriptive norms are the most important factor in both countries. The beliefs about EVOOO are more important in Spain. Concerning claims, the allegation to be organic as some importance in both countries. Claims such as first cold pressed or carbonneutral have no importance at all in Spain, and a relatively small importance in Sweden. From these results, we derive some suggestions to increase the share of EVOOO in edible oils consumption in both countries.
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    Intellectual capital in healthcare, a social exchange approach
    2019 - Leal, Carmem Teresa Pereira; Loureiro, Marlene Da Conceição Vasques; Bessa, RogĂ©rio; Nunes, RĂșben; Marques, Carlos Peixeira
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    The role of place attachment in rural wine tourism
    2019 - Silva, Carla; Kastenholz, Elisabeth; Marques, Carlos Peixeira
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    Image profusion and fuzzy branding: the Douro tourism tropes
    2019 - Sacramento, Octavio José Rio Do; Marques, Carlos Peixeira
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    Linking intellectual capital and corporate strategy to firms’ performance
    2016-02 - Leal, Carmem Teresa Pereira; Marques, Carla Susana Da Encarnação; Marques, Carlos Peixeira
    Intellectual capital is changing into a momentous issue for a firm's long-term profit and performance within the knowledge-based economy as a lot of corporations determine their core competence as invisible assets instead of visible assets. Following the work of (Bontis, 1998) intellectual capital is defined as encompassing (a) human capital, (b) structural capital, and ( c) relational capital. This study expects: (1) testing which dimension is the most influential in terms of Organisational Strategy based on theirs top managers' judgement; (2) determine if the "best" Portuguese firms are investing in Intellectual Capital in order to improve their organisational performance. Firms were chosen from a top of 1000 Portuguese firms, from diverse industries (trading, service, finance, and technology). Findings revealed that, top Portuguese managers do acknowledge the importance of lntellectual Capital. Besides, the findings confirm that all IC components have a significant positive relationship with firms' Organisational Strategy. These results follow prior studies as Bontis (1998) (Edvinsson & Malone, 1997). Some limitations can be presented, (1) the number of respondents which confines the conclusions achieved, (2) the questionnaires were answered only by one manager of the managers team may skew the results. ln terms of practical implications we can underline that managers should always endeavour to find a viable intellectual capital mix or blend that can add value to the firm
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    The long road from one-size-fits-all SME promotion to bespoke business start-ups
    2016 - Marques, Carla Susana Da Encarnação; Gerry, Chris; Leal, Carmem Teresa Pereira; Marques, Carlos Peixeira
    This paper aims to evaluate the contribution to local and regional development of the EDP Sustainable Entrepreneurship Award as applied in the Tua Valley in North Interior Portugal. Data was collected using a semi-structured interview schedule and applied to young people enrolled in the programme – both those who went on to set up their own businesses, as well as those who decided not to operationalise their business plan; moreover, a questionnaire was also filled in by those municipal staff most closely involved in the programme. The results show that the implementation of the programme in Tua Valley provided greater awareness of entrepreneurship potential to both young people and municipal staff, which in turn facilitated the emergence of new companies, constituting a significant process of entrepreneurship and innovation in this peripherical territory. However a constant evaluation and readjustment of the program is necessary, taking into account the different actors involved in regional development network so that the program stimulate bespoke business start-ups
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    Website evaluation of lodging facilities along the inner Saint James’ Pilgrim Way (North Portugal)
    2017-09 - Joukes, Veronika; Rodrigues, Ana Paula; Vieira, Isabel; Cantante, Ana; Marques, Carlos Peixeira
    Purpose: An increasing number of consumers use the Internet to plan and purchase their holidays. Thus, ever more people contact with the region they want to visit through the individual websites of lodging facilities. Consequently, if we want to enhance cultural and experience orientated entrepreneurship, than it is important that these entrepreneurs know how to promote and sell not only their own “primary” product, but their region as a whole and preferably tourism packages in which they themselves or the tourism services provided by other stakeholders are included. This article is based on a research exercise executed within the CULTOUR+ project (an Erasmus+ initiative with identifier 2015-1-ES01-KA203-016142), which studies the Saint James’ pilgrimage route that passes through the interior north of Portugal. The general purpose of this study is to explore the hotel website potential along this pilgrimage route. Specifically we wanted to determine the number of existing lodging facilities along this route (with and without websites); to analyse the quality of their websites in terms of some important dimensions (user-friendliness, site attractiveness, marketing effectiveness, F&B informativeness, wine information, spa information and pilgrim information); to verify if the lodging units website performance is different when compared to certain profile variables (location, size, among others); and to provide some improvement proposals to help hotel managers increase their marketing efforts. Design/Methodology/Approach: Departing from a balanced scorecard approach, a team of 30 trained students evaluated the websites in seven dimensions. Our approach favors a reflection on customer and marketing related aspects like user friendliness, attractiveness, transfer of information and does not deepen technical aspects. To evaluate the lodging units we used a quantitative approach based on uni and bivariate data analysis methods. From the 70 identified 187 lodging units, this study will only analyze 119 (as 68 units did not have a functioning website). Findings: User-friendliness was evaluated with 14 items. Globally, the evaluation of this dimension was positive. The web site attractiveness attributes are present in most of the observed lodging units with high scores between 75% and 94%. The lowest percentages refer to the efficient use of page space and aesthetic appeal. The higher percentages refer to the legibility and clarity of the text and to the contrast between background and text. As for the 50 marketing effectiveness features, too much critical information was missing on numerous websites. Regarding F&B informativeness, the majority of the websites does not have an online menu, vegetarian menus, food vouchers, information regarding high chairs for children, information on the composition of the breakfast, among others. Almost all the lodging unit’s websites simply did not mention attributes and features related to wine, spa and pilgrim tourism. Overall, the results revealed that the performance of websites measured with the selected set of dimensions is low, that is, the studied lodging units did not work out nor executed an effective online communication strategy. Implications: For tourism practitioners, the findings of this article can serve as a checklist to help them identify the strengths and weaknesses of their websites and possibly determine their relative position in the marketplace, but most of all can enable them to improve the quality of their website. For academic researchers this study is expected to inspire them to put the knowledge triangle into practice: share their findings with local communities and help implement good practice examples
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    Is sustainability decision-making influenced by participation in online social networks? The case of the WhatsApp group "Peixe de RondĂŽnia"
    2018-10 - Santos, Marcos C.; Madureira, Livia Maria Costa; Marques, Carlos Peixeira
    Aquaculture is a worldwide expanding activity which growth aims at responding to an increasing demand for fish. This paper focus on the Southern region of the Brazilian Amazonia. In the region, more than 90 thousand tons of native fish were produced in 2016, mainly in systems of confinement in excavated tanks. Aquaculture is experiencing continuous growth in the region for the last 10 years. Its expansion created several sustainability challenges, which might compromise the activity in the long run and endangered the local ecosystems sustainability. Fish growers along with other sector stakeholders are discussing solutions to overcome sustainability challenges both at the environmental and economic front. This paper analyses how effective can be multi-actors online social networks (OSN) acting as digital communities of practice. The conversations held in the WhatsApp group "Peixe de Rondînia” during a period of 15 months (from August 2016 to October 2017) by 239 actors, comprising: Input and equipment suppliers, Upstream industry and trade, fish growers (with 155 participants covering a diversity of growers in terms of its size and production system), the institutional sector, scientific community, and others, including the media and the community. The conversations held in the network were analyzed with content analysis technique. The analysis was supported by statistical analysis and lexical interpretations of lemmatization with the software Iramuteq. The results suggest that fish growers have a business view of sustainability, with a focus on aspects influencing fish productivity such as water quality, fish health and welfare, the introduction (pros and cos) of exotic species and the sector competitiveness, comprising the ecologic certification under a collective territorial brand. Hence, in spite of conflictual aspects some convergence can be found between economic and ecologic sustainability if fish growers were able to embrace the ecologic certification.
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    O papel das emoçÔes antecipadas e antecipatórias na formação da intenção empreendedora dos estudantes
    2018 - Marques, Carlos Peixeira; Marques, Carla Susana Da Encarnação; Carvalho, Daniela
    HĂĄ um escasso conhecimento sobre o papel do sistema afetivo nos processos que conduzem Ă  motivação e Ă  intenção empreendedora, jĂĄ que, apesar de os modelos de predição do comportamento orientado para metas incluĂ­rem emoçÔes relacionadas com eventos futuros, a sua aplicação aos desejos e intençÔes de criar empresas Ă© praticamente inexistente. Atendendo a este hiato, o objetivo deste estudo Ă© compreender a influĂȘncia das emoçÔes orientadas para o futuro na formação da intenção empreendedora de estudantes de cursos profissionais nas ĂĄreas de hotelaria e turismo. O modelo de anĂĄlise elaborado considera a influĂȘncia de dois tipos de emoçÔes associadas a eventos. As emoçÔes antecipatĂłrias sĂŁo sentidas no momento presente em função da perceção da possibilidade ou probabilidade de ocorrĂȘncia de um evento futuro. SĂŁo positivas ou negativas, consoante esse evento seja ou nĂŁo desejĂĄvel. As emoçÔes antecipadas sĂŁo previsĂ”es ou antecipaçÔes afetivas que o indivĂ­duo mobiliza para avaliar a desejabilidade de eventos futuros. Elas sĂŁo positivas quando referentes Ă  ocorrĂȘncia de eventos desejĂĄveis ou Ă  evitação de eventos indesejĂĄveis e sĂŁo negativas quando se referem Ă  nĂŁo ocorrĂȘncia de eventos desejĂĄveis ou Ă  confirmação de eventos indesejĂĄveis. O modelo considera como variĂĄveis dependentes trĂȘs tipos de voliçÔes relacionadas com empreendedorismo: intenção de ser empresĂĄrio; desejo de criar uma empresa; intenção de abrir uma empresa quando terminar o curso. Os resultados mostram que os formandos tĂȘm sentimentos mistos quanto Ă  atividade empreendedora. No entanto, as emoçÔes negativas nĂŁo tĂȘm efeitos assinalĂĄveis sobre as suas intençÔes relativas a essa atividade. SĂł as emoçÔes antecipatĂłrias positivas (i.e. otimismo e confiança relativamente aos resultados positivos da atividade) tĂȘm efeitos substanciais sobre os trĂȘs tipos de voliçÔes. O artigo termina discutindo as implicaçÔes teĂłricas e prĂĄticas destes resultados.
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    A relação entre inteligĂȘncia espiritual e liderança autĂȘntica e seus efeitos na criatividade dos colaboradores de empresas brasileiras
    2018 - Marques, Carla Susana Da Encarnação; Silveira, Prissila Souto; Marques, Carlos Peixeira
    A presente investigação analisa a perceção que os colaboradores tĂȘm da relação entre inteligĂȘncia espiritual (IE), liderança autĂȘntica (LA) e a criatividade. A IE foi avaliada atravĂ©s de cinco dimensĂ”es - consciĂȘncia, graça, significado, transcendĂȘncia e verdade/missĂŁo -, a LA envolveu a avaliação de quatro dimensĂ”es - autoconsciĂȘncia, transparĂȘncia relacional, perspetiva moral interna e processamento equilibrado de informação - e a criatividade apenas foi medida atravĂ©s de uma dimensĂŁo. A amostra inquirida Ă© constituĂ­da por 360 colaboradores e 120 lĂ­deres de 41 organizaçÔes participantes do Sistema de Avaliação da GestĂŁo - SAG do Programa GaĂșcho da Qualidade e Produtividade – PGQP (Brasil). Foi efetuada uma anĂĄlise estatĂ­stica multivariada que ajudou a validar empiricamente os argumentos teĂłricos que confirmam a relação entre IE e LA, nĂŁo explicando diretamente a relação entre a LA e a criatividade dos colaboradores, mas indiretamente mediada pela IE.
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    Confiança pĂșblica, atitudes face ao turismo e apoio ao desenvolvimento turĂ­stico: Aplicação a uma comunidade local da regiĂŁo do Douro
    2018 - Rodrigues, Ana Paula; Marques, Carlos Peixeira; Vieira, Isabel; Fernandes, Didiana
    O projeto Dourotur - Turismo e inovação tecnolĂłgica no Douro Ă© um projeto que pretende criar propostas para melhorar a competitividade do destino turĂ­stico "Douro", atravĂ©s de um turismo mais criativo, sustentĂĄvel, responsĂĄvel e durĂĄvel. No Ăąmbito deste projeto, o desenvolvimento turĂ­stico dos 19 concelhos que integram a regiĂŁo Douro constitui uma das suas temĂĄticas de relevo. Neste contexto, pretende-se testar um modelo conceptual que propĂ”e a existĂȘncia de relacionamentos entre a confiança pĂșblica (CP) nas instituiçÔes ligadas ao turismo, os efeitos do turismo (ET), a atitude face ao turismo (AG) e o apoio ao desenvolvimento turĂ­stico (ADT), a partir das perceçÔes de residentes de uma comunidade local. Estas temĂĄticas tĂȘm vindo a ser amplamente investigadas, pela sua relevĂąncia para a sustentabilidade dos destinos. Contudo, a anĂĄlise do papel da CF constitui um elemento diferenciador para os estudos ligados ao planeamento e desenvolvimento do turismo. Utilizou-se uma abordagem quantitativa, atravĂ©s da aplicação de uma inquirição por questionĂĄrio a 140 residentes de uma comunidade local da regiĂŁo do Douro. Para analisar o modelo proposto foi usada a metodologia de equaçÔes estruturais. Os resultados sugerem que os benefĂ­cios percebidos do turismo influenciam positivamente a AG. O efeito da AG no incremento do ADT foi tambĂ©m empiricamente suportado. Ao contrĂĄrio do esperado, a CP nĂŁo exerce qualquer influĂȘncia na AG nem no ADT. A influĂȘncia dos custos percebidos do turismo na AG e no ADT nĂŁo Ă© significativa. SĂŁo apresentadas as implicaçÔes do estudo, bem como alguns desafios interessantes para pesquisas futuras entre acadĂ©micos e profissionais de turismo.
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    Affective attachment and knowledge sharing: differences between doctors and nurses
    2018 - Marques, Carlos Peixeira; Leal, Carmem Teresa Pereira
    This paper seeks to contribute to the understanding of knowledge sharing practices, attitudes, and intentions among physicians and registered nurses working for the Portuguese National Health System. According to the Affect Theory of Social Exchange (ATSE), employees engaged in task interaction experierice emotions that they tend to attribute to the team or the organization, which is the basis for organizational attachment. Positive emotional outcomes from the interaction lead to stronger attachments and eventually to behavioural reinforcements. This paper applies ATSE to organizational knowledge sharing by assessing how knowledge exchange behaviours elicit positive emotions leading to affective attachment and intention to further sharing. The model is empirically tested by PLS-SEM on data from a sample of 138 MDs and 167 RNs working at hospitais and primary care facilities integrated in the Portuguese NHS. Results from SmartPLS Multi-Group Analysis (MGA) show that the path exchange to emotions to attachment works in a quite similar way for both groups of professionals. However, only in the case of nurses does organizational attachment influence the intention to future sharing. On the other hand, attitude towards share is the only significant antecedent of physicians' sharing intentions. Besides attachment, current knowledge donation behaviour also favours sharing intentions of nurses, but not doctors. The paper's major contribution is on the theoretical side, by showing the relevancy of ATSE to model the importance of affective factors that may be involved in knowledge sharing. More studies are still necessary in arder to further understand the differences among physicians and nurses regarding the paths leading to sharing.
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    Physicians’ intentions to share knowledge: motivation, attitudes, and current behavior
    2018 - Leal, Carmem Teresa Pereira; Marques, Carlos Peixeira
    Healthcare is a knowledge-intensive sector, thus, knowledge management is fundamental to decision-making process throughout the diagnostic-therapeutic cycle. Specifically, sharing among doctors can benefit and improve medical decisions. Based on previous research this paper seeks to analyse how, comparing to performance geais, learning favours current behaviours and intentions regarding future behaviours. lt is hypothesised that: 1) the current frequency of sharing behaviours is positively affected by learning geais and negatively affected by performance geais; and 2) the intention to future sharing is positively influenced by learning geais, by a positive attitude regarding the benefits of sharing, and by the current frequency of sharing. The model is empirically tested by PLS on data from a sample of 129 MDs working at hospitais and primary care facilities integrated in the Portuguese NHS. Results from SmartPLS show that the current frequency of sharing is completely independent from doctors' geais, attitudes, and intentions. ln fact, MDs more motivated to learn and more positive to the benefits of sharing have a stronger intention, but this by no means affects the actual frequency of sharing. So, a "word-deed" inconsistency is apparent from the results of this research, and further research is needed in order to understand why physicians learning-oriented and prone to knowledge sharing, don't actually engage in sharing behaviours more frequently than their colleagues. This work intends to find and exploit which are the factors that might influence their knowledge sharing behaviours and, consequently, contributing with new knowledge useful to HR management in the Portuguese NHS.