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  • ItemAcesso Aberto
    The Role of Biostimulants as Alleviators of Biotic and Abiotic Stresses in Grapevine: A Review
    2022 - Monteiro, Eliana; Gonçalves, Berta; Cortez, Isabel; Castro, Isaura Alberta Oliveira de
    The viticulture and wine industry contribute to the economy and reputation of many countries all over the world. With the predicted climate change, a negative impact on grapevine physiology, growth, production, and quality of berries is expected. On the other hand, the impact of these changes in phytopathogenic fungi development, survival rates, and host susceptibility is unpredictable. Grapevine fungal diseases control has been a great challenge to winegrowers worldwide. The use of chemicals in viticulture is high, which can result in the development of pathogen resistance, increasingly raising concerns regarding residues in wine and effects on human and environmental health. Promoting sustainable patterns of production is one of the overarching objectives and essential requirements for sustainable development. Alternative holistic approaches, such as those making use of biostimulants, are emerging in order to reduce the consequences of biotic and abiotic stresses in the grapevine, namely preventing grape fungal diseases, improving grapevine resistance to water stress, and increasing yield and berry quality.
  • ItemAcesso Aberto
    Genetic diversity of portuguese autochthonous apple cultivars
    2015 - Ferreira, V.; Pinto-Carnide, O.; Pereira, F.; Rodrigues, R.; Castro, Isaura Alberta Oliveira De
    Apple (Malus × domestica Borkh.) is one of the most widespread and commercially important horticultural crops in the world. Nowadays, there is an increasing interest in autochthonous apple cultivars for organic farming as measure of environmental sustainable practice, once they are a privileged material that by natural selection acquired resistance to diseases and pests. Moreover, many of the regional cultivars have particular interesting organoleptic characteristics. This work constitutes the first molecular approach using ISSR markers on regional apple material from Northwest Portugal. A set of fourteen accessions representing autochthonous apple germplasm was studied using nine ISSR primers in order to estimate their genetic diversity and relationships. The obtained data enabled to assess the high genetic variability of the restricted number of Portuguese autochthonous apple material analysed, to uncover possible synonyms and intracultivar variability and the detection of possible identification errors.
  • ItemAcesso Aberto
    Characterisation of related red-berried and white-berried grapevine cultivars
    2017 - Falco, V.; Castro, Isaura Alberta Oliveira De; Oliveira, A.A.; Ferreira, V.; Martin, J.P.; Ortiz, J.M.; Oliveira, P.; Moura, J.P.; Magalhães, N.; Pinto-Carnide, O.
    Eight presumably related dark red-berried (dR), light red-berried (lR) and white-berried (W) grapevine cultivars grown under similar environmental conditions were characterised on the basis of morphologic (phenotype) and molecular (genotype) parameters. The ampelographic characterisation was based on the main descriptors that correspond to the 'Primary descriptor priority list' suggested by the International Organisation of Vine and Wine (OIV). At the molecular level, the total genomic DNA of the cultivars was isolated from frozen grapevine leaves. Six microsatellite loci were used for characterisation of the grape cultivars: 'VVS2', 'VVMD5', 'VVMD7', 'VVMD27', 'VrZAG62', and 'VrZAG79'. This molecular characterisation allowed the confirmation, in seven of the eight studied cultivars, including dark red, light red and white-berried variants, of colour mutants with origin in three different varieties. 'Pinot Blanc' (W), 'Pinot Gris' (lR) and 'Pinot Noir' (dR) formed a group of colour mutants, and 'Malvasia Fina' (W) and 'Malvasis Fina Roxa' (lR) formed another group. 'Moscatel Galego Branco' (W) and 'Moscatel Galego Roxo' (lR) were confirmed as colour mutants, but their allelic profile was not related to that of 'Moscatel Galego Tinto' (dR).
  • ItemAcesso Restrito
    Comet assay-based methods for measuring DNA repair in vitro; estimates of inter- and intra-individual variation
    2007 - Gaivão, Isabel; Piasek, Anita; Brevik, Asgeir; Shaposhnikov, Sergey; Collins, Andrew R.