Distrito industrial de Icoaraci e desenvolvimento regional: prática de responsabilidade socioambiental de empresas e a percepção dos moradores sobre a condição socioambiental local
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2015-08-06
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Este trabalho foi desenvolvido no Distrito Administrativo de Icoaraci (DAICO), Belém - Pará. Teve como
objetivo analisar as práticas de responsabilidade socioambiental empresarial (PRSAE) no distrito e a
perceção dos moradores sobre as condições socioambientais (PCSA) locais. Ao todo, o estudo
envolveu 41 empresas e 250 famílias. Os dados foram submetidos à Analise por Componente Principal
(ACP) e as pontações fatoriais utilizadas na construção de um índice de responsabilidade
socioambiental empresarial (IRSAE-ICO) e de perceção da condição socioambiental (IPCSA-ICO) em
Icoaraci. Os índices indicam que somente 4 empresas e 1 família obtiveram valores considerados
satisfatórios, de PRSAE e PCSA, respetivamente. Os resultados permitiram também identificar as
forças e fragilidades de cada empresa (algo pode auxiliar na tomada de decisões especificas de boas
práticas), assim como os aspectos das condições socioambientais mais problemáticas em cada bairro
(o que pode auxiliar na formulação de politicas publicas e/ou ações empresariais) na região. Trata-se
de um trabalho inédito em que a técnica de ACP foi empregada para construir um índice de
classificação da PRSAE e da PCSA no DAICO. Conclui-se que, 30 anos após a implantação do parque
industrial, ainda não foi possível perceber o reflexo do empreendimento na melhoria das condições
socioambientais da região de Icoaraci e que são muitos os desafios para que a maioria das empresas
atinjam níveis de práticas socioambientais satisfatórias. Neste contexto, além dos incentivos fiscais e
da infraestrutura, torna-se necessário criar outras iniciativas complementares para consolidar as
atividades industriais e promover o desenvolvimento sustentável das regiões do Estado. Torna-se
também necessário estimular o esforço coletivo da comunidade para que os mesmos possam questionar e exigir práticas proativas por parte das empresas.
This study was conducted in the Administrative District of Icoaraci (DAICO) Belém. The objective was to analyze the practice of socio-environmental responsibility in firms (PRSAE) in the district, and the perception of the residents regarding the socio-environmental conditions (PCSA) in the area. Altogether, the study involved 41 firms and 250 families. The data were subjected to Analysis of the Principle Components (APC), and the factor scores were used in the construction of an index of the firm´s socio-environmental responsibility (IRSAE-ICO), and of perception of the socio-environmental condition (IPCSA-ICO) in Icoaraci. The indices reveal that less than 5% of the firms, and 0.4% of the families, achieve levels considered satisfactory for PRSAE and PCSA, respectively. The results also allow us to identify the strengths and weaknesses of each firm (this can help in the making of specific decisions and good practices), and aspects of the more problematic socio-environmental conditions in each neighborhood (which can help in formulating public policies and/or business actions) in the region. This is the first time that such a study, in which the technique of APC to construct a classification index for the PRSAE and PCSA in the DAICO was used. The research concludes that , thirty years (30) after the implantation of the industrial park, it has not yet been possible to perceive/discern the impact (REFLEXO) of this entrepreneurship on the improvement in socioenvironmental conditions of the Icoaraci region, and that there are many challenges for the majority of firms to reach satisfactory levels of socio-environmental practices. In this context, apart from the fiscal and infrastructural incentives, it is necessary to create other complementary initiatives in order to consolidate the industrial activities and to promote sustainable development of the regions in the State of Pará. Moreover, it is necessary to stimulate the collective effort of the community so that its members can question and demand proactive practices from the firms.
This study was conducted in the Administrative District of Icoaraci (DAICO) Belém. The objective was to analyze the practice of socio-environmental responsibility in firms (PRSAE) in the district, and the perception of the residents regarding the socio-environmental conditions (PCSA) in the area. Altogether, the study involved 41 firms and 250 families. The data were subjected to Analysis of the Principle Components (APC), and the factor scores were used in the construction of an index of the firm´s socio-environmental responsibility (IRSAE-ICO), and of perception of the socio-environmental condition (IPCSA-ICO) in Icoaraci. The indices reveal that less than 5% of the firms, and 0.4% of the families, achieve levels considered satisfactory for PRSAE and PCSA, respectively. The results also allow us to identify the strengths and weaknesses of each firm (this can help in the making of specific decisions and good practices), and aspects of the more problematic socio-environmental conditions in each neighborhood (which can help in formulating public policies and/or business actions) in the region. This is the first time that such a study, in which the technique of APC to construct a classification index for the PRSAE and PCSA in the DAICO was used. The research concludes that , thirty years (30) after the implantation of the industrial park, it has not yet been possible to perceive/discern the impact (REFLEXO) of this entrepreneurship on the improvement in socioenvironmental conditions of the Icoaraci region, and that there are many challenges for the majority of firms to reach satisfactory levels of socio-environmental practices. In this context, apart from the fiscal and infrastructural incentives, it is necessary to create other complementary initiatives in order to consolidate the industrial activities and to promote sustainable development of the regions in the State of Pará. Moreover, it is necessary to stimulate the collective effort of the community so that its members can question and demand proactive practices from the firms.
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Estratégia empresarial , Distrito Industrial de Icoaraci (Belém, Pará, Brasil) , Desenvolvimento sustentável , Responsabilidade socio-ambiental , Perceção das condições socio-ambientais