Da vinculação à psicopatia
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2015-09-09
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A presente dissertação tem como objetivo analisar a possibilidade de identificar traços psicopáticos em jovens adolescentes, em oposição daquilo que as correntes teóricas expõem, afirmando que se trata de um transtorno de personalidade do individuo adulto.
Por outro lado, a parte principal desta investigação baseia-se na teoria da vinculação, pelo que se pretende sustentar que os padrões de vinculação criados com os pais podem levar ao desenvolvimento de traços de psicopatia na fase da adolescência.
Assim, os padrões de vinculação avaliados foram a confiança, a comunicação e a atenção/alienação, através do inventário de vinculação aos pais e amigos – IPPA3. Por sua vez, os traços de psicopatia foram analisados pela versão adaptada do inventário de psicopatia para adolescentes – YPI.
O estudo foi efetuado numa amostra de 428 adolescentes, com idades compreendidas entre os 12 e 17 anos (M= 14, 68), que frequentam duas escolas de ensino regular e duas escolas de ensino profissional.
As hipóteses determinaram que uma má qualidade dos padrões de vinculação pode leva ao desenvolvimento de traços psicopáticos, havendo contributos distintos de acordo com a vinculação à mãe e ao pai.
Os principais resultados confirmaram que os padrões confiança e atenção contribuem de forma negativa e o padrão comunicação contribui de forma positiva para o desenvolvimento de traços psicopáticos. Portanto, enquanto que os padrões confiança e atenção indicam uma influência protetora da psicopatia, o padrão comunicação aparece como um fator favorável, facto este só compreendido se for relacionada com uma comunicação disfuncional com a figura paterna. Por sua vez, também é possível verificar que o nível de confiança em relação à figura materna se apresenta como um fator favorável para o desenvolvimento de traços de psicopatia. Por outro lado, os níveis comunicação e atenção indicam uma influência protetora no caso da mãe.
This thesis is meant to examine the possibility of identifying psychopathic traits in young adolescents, as opposed what the theoretical currents exhibit, stating that it is a personality disorder the individual adult. On the other hand, the main part of this research is based on attachment theory, so if you want to maintain that attachment patterns created with parents can lead to the development of psychopathic traits in adolescence. Thus, the attachment patterns that were evaluated are trust, communication and attention/alienation throught the Inventory of Parents and Peers of Attachment –IPPA3. In turn, the traits of psychopathy were analyzed by the adapted version of the inventory of psychopathy for adolescency – YPI. The study was conducted on a sample of 428 teenagers, aged between 12 and 17 yaers (M= 14,68), The study was conducted on a sample of 428 adolescents, aged between 12 and 17 years (M = 14, 68),who attended diferente kinds of schools: two of them belonging to the system of education and other two related to professional courses. The hypotheses determined that a poor quality of patterns attachment can lead to the development of psychopathic traits, whith distinct contributions in accordance with the vinculation to the mother and father. The main results confirmed that the standars trust and attention contribute negatively and standard communicatios contributs positively to the development of psychopathic traits. Thus, while the trust and attention patterns indicate a protective influence of psychopathy, the standard communication appears as a favorable factor, because this is only realized if the communication is related to dysfunctional father figure. In turn, it is also possible to verify that the level of trust in relation to the maternal figure is presented as a favorable factor for the development of traits of psychopathy. Moreover, the communication and attention levels indicate a protective influence in the case of mother.
This thesis is meant to examine the possibility of identifying psychopathic traits in young adolescents, as opposed what the theoretical currents exhibit, stating that it is a personality disorder the individual adult. On the other hand, the main part of this research is based on attachment theory, so if you want to maintain that attachment patterns created with parents can lead to the development of psychopathic traits in adolescence. Thus, the attachment patterns that were evaluated are trust, communication and attention/alienation throught the Inventory of Parents and Peers of Attachment –IPPA3. In turn, the traits of psychopathy were analyzed by the adapted version of the inventory of psychopathy for adolescency – YPI. The study was conducted on a sample of 428 teenagers, aged between 12 and 17 yaers (M= 14,68), The study was conducted on a sample of 428 adolescents, aged between 12 and 17 years (M = 14, 68),who attended diferente kinds of schools: two of them belonging to the system of education and other two related to professional courses. The hypotheses determined that a poor quality of patterns attachment can lead to the development of psychopathic traits, whith distinct contributions in accordance with the vinculation to the mother and father. The main results confirmed that the standars trust and attention contribute negatively and standard communicatios contributs positively to the development of psychopathic traits. Thus, while the trust and attention patterns indicate a protective influence of psychopathy, the standard communication appears as a favorable factor, because this is only realized if the communication is related to dysfunctional father figure. In turn, it is also possible to verify that the level of trust in relation to the maternal figure is presented as a favorable factor for the development of traits of psychopathy. Moreover, the communication and attention levels indicate a protective influence in the case of mother.
Descrição
Dissertação de Mestrado em Psicologia Clínica
Palavras-chave
Psicopatia , Adolescência , Padrões de vinculação