Análise da influência do estilo de vida e da idade no stress oxidativo em mulheres
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2014
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O envelhecimento é um processo natural dos indivíduos que leva à diminuição da capacidade das células para se dividirem, alterarem a sua morfologia, estrutura e/ou função. Porém, este processo pode ser acelerado pela existência de espécies reativas de oxigénio que ao reagirem com outras moléculas, provocam danos. O stress oxidativo é um desequilíbrio entre a formação de espécies reativas de oxigénio e a produção de antioxidantes, podendo ser uma consequência do estilo de vida dos indivíduos.
Desta forma, o objetivo geral do estudo foi analisar a contribuição do estilo de vida e da idade no stress oxidativo em mulheres com mais de 40 anos (49,48±5,90 anos, dos 40-63 anos). No estudo participaram 29 mulheres, após o consentimento livre e esclarecido, com idade igual ou superior a 40 anos, que responderam aos questionários de anamnese, para caracterizar a amostra, saber os problemas de saúde e medidas farmacológicas; Questionário de Frequência Alimentar (QFA), Questionário de Nível de Atividade Física (IPAQ) e Escala de Perceção do Stress (PPS), para avaliar os hábitos de vida. Os parâmetros antropométricos utilizados foram a altura, o peso, o perímetro da cintura e o IMC (Índice de Massa Corporal); foi, também, avaliada a pressão arterial com um esfigmomanómetro eletrónico, após 10 minutos em repouso. Para avaliar a capacidade funcional realizou-se o teste de caminhada de 6 minutos. Os parâmetros bioquímicos usados após a colheita de sangue e isolamento de linfócitos e separação do plasma, foram: a atividade das enzimas da cadeia transportadora de eletrões (complexo I, II e IV), os danos de DNA, a capacidade antioxidante total (método ABTS), e a peroxidação lipídica (método dos TBARs). Os resultados foram analisados através do programa de SPSS 20.0 tendo sido realizada uma análise exploratória para identificar e retirar os outliers, uma avaliação da simetria e achatamento das curvas com os valores de Skewess e Kurtosis, o teste não paramétrico de Kolmogorov-Sminorv, para avaliar a normalidade da distribuição. Posteriormente foi realizada uma análise descritiva dos dados e a correlação de Spearman, com um nível de significância de 0,05.
Os resultados do estudo sugerem que o aumento da ingestão calórica está associada a mais danos no DNA; o peso, o IMC e o perímetro da cintura estão associados positivamente; os hábitos tabágicos estão associados ao consumo de álcool; a pressão arterial sistólica e diastólica estão correlacionadas; e os danos por peroxidação lipídica estão associados a um aumento da atividade dos complexos II e IV da mitocôndria.
Aging is a natural process in individuals which leads to the diminishing of cells capacity to divide, alters its morphology, structure and function. However, this process may be accelerated by the existence of oxygen reactive species that when they react with another free radical, cause mDNA alterations. The oxidative stress is an unbalance between oxygen reactive species and antioxidants production, which may have a consequence in people’s lifestyle. The main objective of this study was to analyze the contribution of lifestyle and age in the oxidative stress in women over 40 (49,48±5,90 years old, from 40 to 63). In this study participated 29 women, after free and clarified consent, with ages equal or above 40. To characterize the sample, the women answered anamnesis questionnaires, to know their health problems and pharmacological measures taken; Food frequency questionnaire (QFA), International Physical Activity questionnaire (IPAQ), Perceptive Stress Scale (PPS) to assess lifestyle habits. The anthropometric parameters used were height, weight, waist perimeter and BMI (Body Mass Index); blood pressure was also evaluated with an electronic sphygmomanometer, after a ten minute rest. To evaluate the functional capacity a 6 minute walking test was done. The biochemical parameters used were blood collecting, lymphocyte isolation and plasma separation, activity of the enzymes of the electron transporting chain (complex I,II and IV), the DNA damage, ABTS method to evaluate antioxidant capacity, TBARs method to evaluate lipid peroxidation. The results were analyzed by SPSS 20.0 program, where an exploratory analysis to indentify and remove the outliers was done, as well as: an evaluation of the symmetry and flattening of the curves with Skewee and Kurtosis values, the non-parametric Kolmogorov-Sminorv test to evaluate distribution normality, a descriptive analysis, and a Spearman correlation with a significance level of 0,05. The study results suggest that an increase of calorie ingestion causes more DNA damage; the weight, the BMI and the waste perimeter are positively associated; the smoking habits are associate with the alcohol usage; the systolic blood pressure and the diastolic blood pressure are correlated; and lipid layer damages are associated with the damages increase in the activity of Complexes II and IV of the mitochondria.
Aging is a natural process in individuals which leads to the diminishing of cells capacity to divide, alters its morphology, structure and function. However, this process may be accelerated by the existence of oxygen reactive species that when they react with another free radical, cause mDNA alterations. The oxidative stress is an unbalance between oxygen reactive species and antioxidants production, which may have a consequence in people’s lifestyle. The main objective of this study was to analyze the contribution of lifestyle and age in the oxidative stress in women over 40 (49,48±5,90 years old, from 40 to 63). In this study participated 29 women, after free and clarified consent, with ages equal or above 40. To characterize the sample, the women answered anamnesis questionnaires, to know their health problems and pharmacological measures taken; Food frequency questionnaire (QFA), International Physical Activity questionnaire (IPAQ), Perceptive Stress Scale (PPS) to assess lifestyle habits. The anthropometric parameters used were height, weight, waist perimeter and BMI (Body Mass Index); blood pressure was also evaluated with an electronic sphygmomanometer, after a ten minute rest. To evaluate the functional capacity a 6 minute walking test was done. The biochemical parameters used were blood collecting, lymphocyte isolation and plasma separation, activity of the enzymes of the electron transporting chain (complex I,II and IV), the DNA damage, ABTS method to evaluate antioxidant capacity, TBARs method to evaluate lipid peroxidation. The results were analyzed by SPSS 20.0 program, where an exploratory analysis to indentify and remove the outliers was done, as well as: an evaluation of the symmetry and flattening of the curves with Skewee and Kurtosis values, the non-parametric Kolmogorov-Sminorv test to evaluate distribution normality, a descriptive analysis, and a Spearman correlation with a significance level of 0,05. The study results suggest that an increase of calorie ingestion causes more DNA damage; the weight, the BMI and the waste perimeter are positively associated; the smoking habits are associate with the alcohol usage; the systolic blood pressure and the diastolic blood pressure are correlated; and lipid layer damages are associated with the damages increase in the activity of Complexes II and IV of the mitochondria.
Descrição
Dissertação de Mestrado em Gerontologia, Atividade Física e Saúde no Idoso
Palavras-chave
Idade , Stress oxidativo , Alimentação , Tabaco , Álcool , Exercícios físicos , Stress psicossocial