A Prática da Actividade Física Diferenciada no Desempenho Funcional das Pessoas com Paralisia Cerebral
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Data
2010
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As pessoas com Paralisia Cerebral (PC) apresentam limitações neuromotoras e sensoriais, que levam à permanência de padrões anormais de postura e movimento. Todos estes factores vão influenciar o desempenho funcional da criança com PC. Com isto, é necessário que as crianças com PC executem actividades que estimulem o seu desenvolvimento global, e deste modo superem as suas dificuldades. Assim, o objectivo do nosso estudo foi verificar quais as diferenças dos efeitos induzidos por diferentes programas de Actividade Física nos indíviduos com Paralisia Cerebral institucionalizados ao nível das tarefas relacionadas com o desempenho funcional.
Foi constituída uma amostra de 37 indíviduos com PC instituicionalizados, com idade média de 10,89 (3-16 anos), divididos em dois grupos com prática de actividade física diferenciada.
Foram realizadas entrevistas aos técnicos que trabalham com as crianças instituicionalizadas, utilizando o teste PEDI (Pediatric Evaluation of Disability Inventory), tendo sido utilizadas a Parte I (habilidades funcionais) e a Parte II (assistência do técnico) nas áreas de auto-cuidado e mobilidade. Para classificar as crianças de acordo com a gravidade do comprometimento neuromotor foi utilizado o GMFCS (Gross Motor Function Classification System). Por último foi entregue um questionário (adaptado de Baecke, 1882) acerca da actividade física praticada pelos indíviduos.
Para a análise estatística foi efectuada um teste não paramétrico com o coeficiente de correlação de spearman de modo a verificar a relação entre variáveis auto-cuidado, mobilidade, assistência do técnico ao auto-cuidado e assistência do técnico à mobilidade. Para verificar a relação do desempenho funcional nos dois grupos e nos subgrupos (nível de severidade motora) foi efectuado o teste Mann-Whitney.
Os resultados do estudo indicam que existe uma correlação positiva entre todas as variáveis de desempenho funcional. Verificou-se que não existem diferenças estatísticamente significativas nos valores totais das variáveis do desempenho funcional entre os dois grupos, bem como, em função da severidade motora. Os valores do grau de severidade motora referem que quanto maior o grau de severidade, maior a dificuldade no desempenho funcional.
People with Cerebral Palsy have neuromotors and sensorial limitations, that take to the installation of abnormal standards of posture and movement. All these factors will influence the functional performance of children with Cerebral Palsy. So, it is necessary for children with Cerebral Palsy have activities that encourage global development, and exceed their difficulties. In this way, the aim of our study is to determine the differences from the effects of different programs of physical activity in functional performance of institutionalized individuals with Cerebral Palsy. The experiment involved 37 Cerebral Palsy patients between the ages of 3 and 16 years, divided into two groups with different physical activity. Technicians were interviewed through the PEDI (Pediatric Evaluation of Disability Inventory), using Part I (functional skills) and Part II (technical assistance) in self-care and mobility areas. To classify children according to the severity of neuromotor impairment was used the GMFCS (Gross Motor Function Classification System). Finally was given a questionnaire (adapted from Baecke, 1882) about the physical activity practiced by the childs. For statistic analyse was used a nonparametric test with Spearman’s correlation coefficient in order to verify the relationship between variables of self-care, mobility, technical assistance to self-care and technical assistance to mobility. To investigate the relationship of functional performance in both groups and subgroups (motor severity level) was used the Mann-Whitney test. The results indicate that there is a positive correlation between all variables of functional performance. Between total values of functional performance variables in both groups, and like functional motor severity, was no statistically significant differences. The values of motor severity levels, relate that who have a higher level of motor severity, have a bigger difficulty in functional performance.
People with Cerebral Palsy have neuromotors and sensorial limitations, that take to the installation of abnormal standards of posture and movement. All these factors will influence the functional performance of children with Cerebral Palsy. So, it is necessary for children with Cerebral Palsy have activities that encourage global development, and exceed their difficulties. In this way, the aim of our study is to determine the differences from the effects of different programs of physical activity in functional performance of institutionalized individuals with Cerebral Palsy. The experiment involved 37 Cerebral Palsy patients between the ages of 3 and 16 years, divided into two groups with different physical activity. Technicians were interviewed through the PEDI (Pediatric Evaluation of Disability Inventory), using Part I (functional skills) and Part II (technical assistance) in self-care and mobility areas. To classify children according to the severity of neuromotor impairment was used the GMFCS (Gross Motor Function Classification System). Finally was given a questionnaire (adapted from Baecke, 1882) about the physical activity practiced by the childs. For statistic analyse was used a nonparametric test with Spearman’s correlation coefficient in order to verify the relationship between variables of self-care, mobility, technical assistance to self-care and technical assistance to mobility. To investigate the relationship of functional performance in both groups and subgroups (motor severity level) was used the Mann-Whitney test. The results indicate that there is a positive correlation between all variables of functional performance. Between total values of functional performance variables in both groups, and like functional motor severity, was no statistically significant differences. The values of motor severity levels, relate that who have a higher level of motor severity, have a bigger difficulty in functional performance.
Descrição
Dissertação de Mestrado em Ensino de Educação Física nos Ensinos Básico e Secundário
Palavras-chave
Paralisia Cerebral , Desempenho Funcional , Actividade Física diferenciada , Cerebral Palsy , Functional Performance , Different Physical Activity