Trabalho social com crianças expostas à violência interparental: das perceções dos interventores sociais à re-significação nas práticas
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2015
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As crianças que vivem em lares maritalmente violentos são muitas vezes designadas de vítimas “escondidas”, “desconhecidas”, “esquecidas” ou “silenciosas” (Holden, 1998; Osofsky, 1998; Sani, 1999b). Vários quadros teóricos denotam que existe ainda uma certa despreocupação social com o fenómeno da vitimação indirecta. Contudo, a complexidade deste fenómeno, implica um trabalho em rede, que envolve vários interventores sociais, no sentido de se fortalecerem capacidades.
A realidade empírica parece demonstrar que ainda temos poucos interventores sociais a trabalhar no sentido inverso das consequências de toda esta violência indirecta. A preocupação central desta dissertação passa por compreender o trabalho social com as crianças expostas à violência interparental. Assim, esta investigação, de natureza qualitativa, analisa o trabalho social na intervenção com as crianças expostas à violência interparental, identificando a forma como se configura a intervenção social na vitimação indirecta.
Ao longo da mesma serão utilizados os conceitos de vitimação indirecta, para designar o mau trato psicológico a que as crianças estão sujeitas aquando da exposição à violência, e de trabalho social, para compreender como este é desenvolvido aquando do problema em causa.
Recorreu-se à observação directa e à realização de 2 momentos de entrevistas semi-diretivas, com uma diferença temporal de 5 anos. A amostra foram 10 Interventores Sociais do concelho de Valongo, com competências na área social e com funções directas sobre este tipo de populações.
Da investigação efectuada pôde aferir-se que a configuração do trabalho social com crianças expostas à violência é fortemente influenciada quer por limitações institucionais quer por limitações nas competências dos interventores sociais.
Children who live in martially violent homes are often designated as “hidden”, "unknown”, “forgotten" or "silent” victims (Holden, 1998; Osofsky, 1998; Sani, 1999b). Several theoretical frameworks denote that there is still a certain social unconcern with the indirect victimization phenomenon. However, the great complexity of this phenomenon would require a networking involving various social stakeholders, in order to strengthen capabilities. The empirical reality tells us that we still have a few professionals working against the consequences of all of this indirect violence. The focus of the present study is understanding the social work done with children exposed to co parental violence. Therefore, this research of qualitative nature, analyzes the social work intervention with children exposed to co parental violence, identifying the way the social intervention configures in indirect victimization. Throughout the investigation, concepts of indirect victimization will be used to designate the psychological mistreatment to which children are subjected to at the time of exposure to violence; and social work to understand how it is developed at the time of the problem at stake. Direct observation and two interviews with a five year indentation were applied. The sample were 10 Social Professionals from the Valongo area, with skills in the social area and with direct functions among this type of populations. From this study we determined that the configuration of social work with children exposed to violence is strongly influenced by institutional limitations and/or limitations on the capability of social stakeholders.
Children who live in martially violent homes are often designated as “hidden”, "unknown”, “forgotten" or "silent” victims (Holden, 1998; Osofsky, 1998; Sani, 1999b). Several theoretical frameworks denote that there is still a certain social unconcern with the indirect victimization phenomenon. However, the great complexity of this phenomenon would require a networking involving various social stakeholders, in order to strengthen capabilities. The empirical reality tells us that we still have a few professionals working against the consequences of all of this indirect violence. The focus of the present study is understanding the social work done with children exposed to co parental violence. Therefore, this research of qualitative nature, analyzes the social work intervention with children exposed to co parental violence, identifying the way the social intervention configures in indirect victimization. Throughout the investigation, concepts of indirect victimization will be used to designate the psychological mistreatment to which children are subjected to at the time of exposure to violence; and social work to understand how it is developed at the time of the problem at stake. Direct observation and two interviews with a five year indentation were applied. The sample were 10 Social Professionals from the Valongo area, with skills in the social area and with direct functions among this type of populations. From this study we determined that the configuration of social work with children exposed to violence is strongly influenced by institutional limitations and/or limitations on the capability of social stakeholders.
Descrição
Dissertação de Mestrado em Serviço Social
Palavras-chave
Violência familiar , Trabalho social , Vitimação indireta , Mau trato psicológico , Violência interparental