Polimorfismo genético I/D da enzima conversora de angiotensina e perfil dermatoglífico de atletas brasileiras de ginástica rítmica
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2016-02-02
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Para entender os aspectos biológicos do desempenho é essencial analisar as implicações genéticas,
e para este efeito, nos últimos anos a investigação vem progredindo para análises das relações entre
fisiologia, bioquímica e genética com o intuito de investigar a herança física de vários traços de
desempenho sobre as bases genéticas e moleculares verificando a adaptação dos diferentes
indicadores de desempenho desportivo. O polimorfismo I/D da Enzima Conversora de Angiotensina
(ECA) vem sendo alvo de estudos recentes acerca do tema biologia molecular e desempenho
esportivo, e tem sido sugerido para influenciar as variações em função do músculo esquelético. As
observações através do método dermatoglífico tem demonstrado forte correlações entre as
características dermatoglíficas e as capacidades biofísicas, e podem caracterizar o perfil do atleta de
elite. Os objetivos do estudo foram: (i) comparar a distribuição do genótipo I/D da Enzima Conversora
de Angiotensina e as características dermatoglíficas em praticantes e não praticantes de Ginástica
Rítmica (GR); (ii) correlacionar a manifestação do polimorfismo genético I/D da Enzima Conversora
de Angiotensina com as características dermatoglíficas dos indivíduos do estudo. A amostra foi
composta por 31 indivíduos do sexo feminino, divididos em dois grupos: (i) praticantes de GR (Grupo
Experimental) e (ii) não praticantes (Grupo Controle), com média de idade 16,7 (±1,54); 18,6(±1,15)
anos, respectivamente. O protocolo de característica genética para o perfil dermatoglífico foi
determinado a partir da coleta realizada pelo método proposto por Cummins e Midlo (1961), por
intermédio de um Leitor Dermatoglífico®. Os indivíduos foram genotipados para o polimorfismo da
ECA e classificados em DD, ID e II, por meio das técnicas de Reação em Cadeia de Polimerase
(PCR) e Polimorfismo do Comprimento de Fragmentos de Restrição (RFLP), com enzima de restrição
(DdeI) após extração do DNA. Foi utilizado o programa estatístico (SPSS®) versão 20.0. Objetivando
verificar o perfil dos indivíduos em estudo aplicou-se a estatística descritiva (média desvio-padrão,
valor mínimo e máximo). Na análise inferencial utilizou-se os teste de Kruskal-Wallis, Ró de
Spearman com significância p<0,05. Foram encontrados scores maiores no grupo experimental para
as variáveis dermatoglíficas D10 e SQTL. Referente a identificação da manifestação do polimorfismo
do gene da ECA, não foi encontrado nenhum resultado estatisticamente significativo entre o grupo
experimental e controle. Relativamente a distribuição do genótipo da ECA e a sua relação com as
características dermatoglíficas, verificou-se que não existiu qualquer associação entre estas duas
marcas genéticas, no conjunto do total dos indivíduos estudados.
To understand the biological performance is essential to analyze the implications of genetic. In recent years research has progressed in the analysis of the relationship between physiologicol, biochemistric and genetics parameters in order to investigate the physical inheritance of different traits of the performance over the genetic and molecular adaptation of he different performance indicators. The I/D polymorphism of the Angiotensin Converting Enzyme ( ACE ) has been recently studied on the topic of molecular biology and sports performance, and has been suggested that influence of the alternations in skeletal muscle function. Observations by dermatoglyphic method has demonstrated strong correlations between dermatoglyphic characteristics and biophysical, capacities and could characterize the profile of the elite athlete. The aim of this study was: (i) the genetic polymorphism of the ACE with the dermatoglific characteristics of the practioneers and no practioneers of Rhythmic Gymnastics (RG); (ii) correlate genetic polymorphism of the ACE , with the dermatoglific characteristics, of the all subjects. The sample consisted of 31 female subjects, divided into two groups: ( i ) GR practioneers ( experimental group ) and ( ii ) non-practioneers ( control group ), mean age 16.7( ± 1.54 ), 18.6( ± 1.15) years, respectively. The protocol for the genetic characteristic dermatoglyphic profile was assessed from the data collection held by the method proposed by Cummins and Midlo (1961), through a Dermatoglyphic Reader ®. The subjects were genotyped for the polymorphism of ACE: DD, ID and II, by the techniques of Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR), and polymorphism length and restriction fragment (RFLP ) with restriction enzyme (DdeI) after DNA extraction. We used the statistical program ( SPSS ® ) version 20.0. To describe the profile of sample we applied to descriptive statistics (mean, standard deviation, minimum and maximum). Inferential analysis results we used the Kruskal-Wallis test, Spearman's rho with significance p< 0.05. Found higher scores in the experimental group for the dermatoglyphical variables D10 and SQTL. In reference to the manifestation of polymorphism of the ACE gene, we found no statistically significant results between the experimental and control groups. It is concluded that the, for the ECA genotype and its association with dermatogliflic characteristics we didn’t observed any correlation between these two genetic marks.
To understand the biological performance is essential to analyze the implications of genetic. In recent years research has progressed in the analysis of the relationship between physiologicol, biochemistric and genetics parameters in order to investigate the physical inheritance of different traits of the performance over the genetic and molecular adaptation of he different performance indicators. The I/D polymorphism of the Angiotensin Converting Enzyme ( ACE ) has been recently studied on the topic of molecular biology and sports performance, and has been suggested that influence of the alternations in skeletal muscle function. Observations by dermatoglyphic method has demonstrated strong correlations between dermatoglyphic characteristics and biophysical, capacities and could characterize the profile of the elite athlete. The aim of this study was: (i) the genetic polymorphism of the ACE with the dermatoglific characteristics of the practioneers and no practioneers of Rhythmic Gymnastics (RG); (ii) correlate genetic polymorphism of the ACE , with the dermatoglific characteristics, of the all subjects. The sample consisted of 31 female subjects, divided into two groups: ( i ) GR practioneers ( experimental group ) and ( ii ) non-practioneers ( control group ), mean age 16.7( ± 1.54 ), 18.6( ± 1.15) years, respectively. The protocol for the genetic characteristic dermatoglyphic profile was assessed from the data collection held by the method proposed by Cummins and Midlo (1961), through a Dermatoglyphic Reader ®. The subjects were genotyped for the polymorphism of ACE: DD, ID and II, by the techniques of Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR), and polymorphism length and restriction fragment (RFLP ) with restriction enzyme (DdeI) after DNA extraction. We used the statistical program ( SPSS ® ) version 20.0. To describe the profile of sample we applied to descriptive statistics (mean, standard deviation, minimum and maximum). Inferential analysis results we used the Kruskal-Wallis test, Spearman's rho with significance p< 0.05. Found higher scores in the experimental group for the dermatoglyphical variables D10 and SQTL. In reference to the manifestation of polymorphism of the ACE gene, we found no statistically significant results between the experimental and control groups. It is concluded that the, for the ECA genotype and its association with dermatogliflic characteristics we didn’t observed any correlation between these two genetic marks.
Descrição
Dissertação de Mestrado em Ciências do Desporto, Especialização em Avaliação e Prescrição na Atividade Física
Palavras-chave
Ginástica rítmica , Fisiologia , Bioquímica , Genética