Mulheres empreendedoras: a produção de artesanato típico do Ceará
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2016-05-20
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A presente dissertação teve como objetivo investigar o perfil das mulheres rendeiras associadas ao Centro de Rendeiras de Aquiraz, na perspetiva do empreendedorismo feminino, levando em consideração as características socioeconómicas destas mulheres. Para tanto, foi feita uma pesquisa bibliográfica e documental sobre os conceitos, a origem e características gerais do artesanato no Ceará, com destaque para a renda de bilros, a par de uma investigação sobre a origem, história, conceitos e características do empreendedorismo no Brasil, de um modo geral, e do empreendedorismo feminino, em particular. Foram investigadas 50 rendeiras dos distritos do Iguape e da Prainha, todas associadas ao Centro de Rendeiras de Aquiraz, no município do Ceará. Tratou-se de um estudo de natureza quantitativa e qualitativa, no que diz respeito à abordagem do problema, e descritivo e exploratório quanto aos objetivos. Em termos da abordagem técnica, este é um estudo de caso. Os dados foram recolhidos através de um roteiro de entrevistas estruturadas, com 25 questões cada, que foram posteriormente analisadas através de técnicas estatísticas descritivas. Em relação às características socioeconómicas, os resultados da pesquisa indicam que, em média, as rendeiras têm o ensino fundamental completo e idade compreendida entre 48 a 64 anos; são casadas, com filhos, e auferem um rendimento mensal entre R$ 1201,00 e R$1600,00. Em relação às características empreendedorísticas destas mulheres, observou-se que o principal motivo para se organizarem em atividades associativas foi a complementação dos seus rendimentos. No geral, são otimistas em relação ao sucesso da associação, trabalham entre 6 a 8 horas por dia, consideram-se em condições de igualdade com o homem para trabalhar fora de casa, dão igual valor ao trabalho doméstico e ao trabalho fora de casa, valorizam o trabalho produzido, destacam a importância da família e têm como principal atividade de lazer visitar amigos e familiares. No que se refere à correlação entre as características socioeconómicas e o empreendedorismo, foram encontradas evidências de que existe uma relação entre o nível de instrução e os motivos para serem associadas, como a flexibilidade de horário, a superação das dificuldades com a ajuda dos amigos e a igualdade de condições de trabalho com o homem.
The current study looked into the profile of the female lace makers and weavers belonging to the Aquiraz Female Artisans Weaving Centre taking into account their socioeconomic characteristics in a female entrepreneurship perspective. Therefore, a bibliographic and documentary research was conducted on the concepts, origin and general characteristics of Ceará handicraft, namely of the bilros lace, as well as on the history, origin, concepts and characteristics of Brazilian entrepreneurship in general and female entrepreneurship in particular. Fifty women lace makers and weavers from Iguape and Prainha districts were interviewed, all of them members of the Aquiraz Female Artisans Weaving Centre in Ceará state. A qualitative and quantitative analysis was used to address the problem; as regards the goals of the study, a descriptive and exploratory research was conducted; finally, the technical approach was done in the form of a case study. Data were collected through structured interviews based on a guide consisting of 25 questions that were analysed using descriptive statistical techniques. In terms of the socio-economic characteristics, results indicate that the average of the artisans have a basic school degree, are between 48 and 64 years old, married, with children and earn between R$ 1,201.00 and R$ 1,600.00 a month. As to their entrepreneurial characteristics, it was observed that the main reason why they joined the Centre was to supplement their income. In general, they are optimistic about the success of the Centre, work 6 to 8 hours a day, consider themselves in a position of equality with men to work outside the home, view both the domestic and the outside work as equally important, value the work they produce, highlight the importance of the family and have as their main leisure activity visiting friends and family. As regards the correlation between socio-economic characteristics and entrepreneurship, there was evidence of a relationship between the level of education and the reasons for being associated like flexible hours, overcoming difficulties with the help of friends and having the same working conditions as men.
The current study looked into the profile of the female lace makers and weavers belonging to the Aquiraz Female Artisans Weaving Centre taking into account their socioeconomic characteristics in a female entrepreneurship perspective. Therefore, a bibliographic and documentary research was conducted on the concepts, origin and general characteristics of Ceará handicraft, namely of the bilros lace, as well as on the history, origin, concepts and characteristics of Brazilian entrepreneurship in general and female entrepreneurship in particular. Fifty women lace makers and weavers from Iguape and Prainha districts were interviewed, all of them members of the Aquiraz Female Artisans Weaving Centre in Ceará state. A qualitative and quantitative analysis was used to address the problem; as regards the goals of the study, a descriptive and exploratory research was conducted; finally, the technical approach was done in the form of a case study. Data were collected through structured interviews based on a guide consisting of 25 questions that were analysed using descriptive statistical techniques. In terms of the socio-economic characteristics, results indicate that the average of the artisans have a basic school degree, are between 48 and 64 years old, married, with children and earn between R$ 1,201.00 and R$ 1,600.00 a month. As to their entrepreneurial characteristics, it was observed that the main reason why they joined the Centre was to supplement their income. In general, they are optimistic about the success of the Centre, work 6 to 8 hours a day, consider themselves in a position of equality with men to work outside the home, view both the domestic and the outside work as equally important, value the work they produce, highlight the importance of the family and have as their main leisure activity visiting friends and family. As regards the correlation between socio-economic characteristics and entrepreneurship, there was evidence of a relationship between the level of education and the reasons for being associated like flexible hours, overcoming difficulties with the help of friends and having the same working conditions as men.
Descrição
Dissertação de Mestrado em Gestão
Palavras-chave
Empreendedorismo , Ceará (Norte da Região Nordeste, Brasil) , Mulher empreendedora , Condição socioeconómica