Análise de fatores ambientais e dietas utilizadas na reabilitação de animais marinhos: Golfinho-comum (Delphinus delphis) e Tartaruga-boba (Caretta caretta)
Ficheiros
Data
2016-10-03
Autores
Título da revista
ISSN da revista
Título do Volume
Editora
Resumo
Neste trabalho foram abordadas duas espécies de animais marinhos comuns na costa portuguesa, o golfinho-comum e a tartaruga-boba. Estas duas espécies ocorrem em centros de reabilitação em Portugal dada a sua passagem frequente pela costa portuguesa, sendo bastante suscetíveis de serem afetadas pelas atividades antropogénicas. Existem, por vezes, dificuldades na reabilitação de animais marinhos, especialmente devido à exigência de água salgada, instalações apropriadas e controlo de fatores ambientais, como a temperatura da água.
A parte prática deste trabalho teve como objetivo o acompanhamento e caracterização das condições de reabilitação de animais marinhos no Centro de Reabilitação de Animais Marinhos de Quiaios (CRAM-Q), na Figueira da Foz, tendo sido realizados dois estudos distintos para duas espécies diferentes.
Num dos estudos estiveram envolvidas duas fêmeas de golfinho-comum (Delphinus delphis). A recolha de dados teve uma duração de 12 meses, onde foram analisados os efeitos das estações e dos meses do ano em três variáveis: peso vivo (PV) do animal, inestão média diária de alimento (IMD) e ganho médio diário de peso (GMD). Analisou-se também a quantidade e tipos de alimento ingerido ingeridos, assim como, os consumos de nutrientes. Verificaram-se diferenças significativas no efeito das estações no PV dos dois animais, no entanto para IMD apenas se verificou para um dos animais; menor IMD de alimentos nas estações mais quentes.
Realizou-se um estudo semelhante com 13 tartarugas-bobas (Caretta caretta), que incluiu todo o período em que cada uma delas permaneceu no CRAM-Q, sendo se registou a quantidade e tipo de alimento oferecido e foi analisado o seu efeito no peso vivo (PV) ao longo do período de recuperação. Analisou-se quais os motivos de entrada destes animais, situações clínicas, período de reabilitação, meses e anos em que deram entrada no centro e regiões de onde foram recolhidos os animais. Verificou-se uma taxa de sucesso de reabilitação de 71%; traumatismos são as situações mais comuns e com maior período de reabilitação; diferenças significativas para o efeito do mês e ano nas entradas de tartarugas no centro; todos os animais com sucesso de reabilitação apresentaram aumento de PV;
Com este trabalho tentou-se aprofundar o conhecimento relativamente à reabilitação destas duas espécies de animais marinhos em reabilitação.
Two species of marine animals from the Portuguese coast were studied, the common dolphin (Delphinus delphis) and the loggerhead turtle (Caretta caretta). These two species are common in Portuguese rehabilitation centers as they frequently pass by the Portuguese coast line and therefore are quite likely to be affected by anthropogenic activities. The rehabilitation of marine animals can be complicated, especially due to the requirement of salt water, appropriate facilities, and control of environmental factors, such as water temperature. For the practical part of this article, the rehabilitation conditions of marine animals under treatment in Marine Animal Rehabilitation Center of Quiaios (CRAM-Q), in Figueira da Foz, were monitorized and characterized performing two separate studies for the two different species. In the first study two common dolphin (Delphinus delphis) females were observed. The data was compiled during 12 months period, where the effects of seasons and months of the year on three variables were analyzed: body weight (BW) of the animal, average daily intake of food and average daily gain of BW. Also analyzed were the amount and types of food consumed, as well as the nutrients consumed. There were significat diferences in the effect of the seasons on the BW of the animals; and less ingestion in the warm seasons. A similar study was performed on 13 loggerhead turtles (Caretta caretta), which during the period in which each one of them remained in CRAM-Q, for all of them were recorded the amount and type of food offered with its effect on body weight (BW) during the recovery period were recorded and analyzed. The reasons for entry of these animals, their respective clinical situations, rehabilitation period depending on the clinical condition of the animal, months and years received at the center and the collection area where the animals were all analized respectively. There was a rehabilitation success rate of 71%; inh«juries were the most common situation and with a longer period of rehabilitation; the month and year had a significant effectd on the entries of animals on the center; all the animals rehabilitated whit success showed an increase of BW. This study has attempted to deepened the knowledge about the rehabilitation of these two species of marine animals undergoing rehabilitation treatments.
Two species of marine animals from the Portuguese coast were studied, the common dolphin (Delphinus delphis) and the loggerhead turtle (Caretta caretta). These two species are common in Portuguese rehabilitation centers as they frequently pass by the Portuguese coast line and therefore are quite likely to be affected by anthropogenic activities. The rehabilitation of marine animals can be complicated, especially due to the requirement of salt water, appropriate facilities, and control of environmental factors, such as water temperature. For the practical part of this article, the rehabilitation conditions of marine animals under treatment in Marine Animal Rehabilitation Center of Quiaios (CRAM-Q), in Figueira da Foz, were monitorized and characterized performing two separate studies for the two different species. In the first study two common dolphin (Delphinus delphis) females were observed. The data was compiled during 12 months period, where the effects of seasons and months of the year on three variables were analyzed: body weight (BW) of the animal, average daily intake of food and average daily gain of BW. Also analyzed were the amount and types of food consumed, as well as the nutrients consumed. There were significat diferences in the effect of the seasons on the BW of the animals; and less ingestion in the warm seasons. A similar study was performed on 13 loggerhead turtles (Caretta caretta), which during the period in which each one of them remained in CRAM-Q, for all of them were recorded the amount and type of food offered with its effect on body weight (BW) during the recovery period were recorded and analyzed. The reasons for entry of these animals, their respective clinical situations, rehabilitation period depending on the clinical condition of the animal, months and years received at the center and the collection area where the animals were all analized respectively. There was a rehabilitation success rate of 71%; inh«juries were the most common situation and with a longer period of rehabilitation; the month and year had a significant effectd on the entries of animals on the center; all the animals rehabilitated whit success showed an increase of BW. This study has attempted to deepened the knowledge about the rehabilitation of these two species of marine animals undergoing rehabilitation treatments.
Descrição
Dissertação de Mestrado em Engenharia Zootécnica
Palavras-chave
Animal aquático , Quiaios (Figueira da Foz, Portugal) , Tartaruga , Golfinho , Reabilitação do animal