Estudo da aptidão física de policiais militares femininas da região metropolitana do Estado de São Paulo formadas entre os anos de 2001 a 2007
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2016-10-04
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O presente estudo analisou os níveis de aptidão física de policiais militares femininas,
integrantes da Polícia Militar do Estado de São Paulo no momento do término da Escola de
Formação de Soldados, entre os anos de 2001 e 2007, separadas por ano de conclusão de
seus respectivos cursos, e o segundo, no ano de 2011, para que fosse possível comparar
estes níveis entre os grupos e a ação dos anos de serviço sobre a aptidão física dessas
pessoas. A amostra deste estudo foi constituída por 230 policiais militares femininas, todos
saudáveis, com idades entre 25 a 35 anos, do sexo feminino e servindo no policiamento na
região do grande São Paulo. Foi utilizado como referência o teste de aptidão física padrão da
Polícia Militar do Estado de São Paulo, constituído por quatro testes: flexão e extensão de
cotovelos em suspensão com apoio de frente sobre o solo, apoiando os joelhos sobre o banco
de 30 centímetros de altura, abdominal tipo remador em 01 minuto, corrida de 50 metros e
corrida ou caminhada em 12 minutos. Todas as policiais militares femininas haviam realizado
estes testes no seu ano de formação na PMESP. Os testes foram repetidos pelas avaliadas em
2011. Foram aplicados ainda os seguintes testes antropométricos: pesagem corporal, dobras
cutâneas (protocolo de 03 dobras de Guedes) e estatura. Para avaliar os níveis de atividade
física dessas pessoas e a presença de eventuais situações de risco à saúde, PAR-Q e de
Risco de Doenças Coronarianas. Foi realizada a análise descritiva das variáveis, enquanto a
verificação da homogeneidade foi realizada por meio do teste de Kolmogorov Smirnov, devido
ao tamanho da amostra Diante da normalidade, foi aplicado o teste de Anova one-way e o Post
Hoc de Tukey, e, em caso onde não houve normalidade, foi aplicado o teste de Kruskal-Wallis,
deixando de determinar onde se encontra a diferença estatisticamente significativa tendo em
vista que o programa utilizado não dispõe do Post Hoc de Dunn. Assim, foi mostrado
simplesmente a diferença sem, contudo, mostrar onde ela se encontra. Para se verificar se
houve diferença entre o pré-teste (ano inicial da avaliação) e pós-teste (teste feito em 2011), foi
feito o teste “t”, em caso de normalidade, ou o teste de Wilcoxon para medidas não
paramétricas. Para os tratamentos estatísticos, foi utilizado o programa SPSS, versão 15.0. Os
principais resultados desta pesquisa indicam o seguinte: existe paridade nos níveis de aptidão
física na PMESP (T1), com a constatação de índices elevados destes níveis independente do
ano em que se formaram; em todos os testes cumpridos em 2011 (T2), foi verificado declínio
de performance geralmente em uma linha de tendência proporcional ao aumento dos anos de
serviço, com destaque para o desempenho no teste de corrida em 12 minutos que já
apresentou acentuado declínio que se manteve em todos os grupos; neste mesmo sentido
quanto as medidas antropométricas, os níveis verificados no ano de formação foram similares
(T1), havendo aumento do peso corporal e do percentual de gordura proporcional ao aumento
do número de anos de serviço (T2); tanto em relação ao nível de aptidão física quanto as
medidas antropométricas, as alterações verificadas são superiores as expectativas esperadas
ao aumento da idade; majoritariamente, as avaliadas apresentam níveis de atividade física
entre alto e muito alto, contudo decorrente das exigências profissionais e não pela participação
em programas de treinamento físico, além disto, aproximadamente 70% dos avaliados
indicaram pelo menos uma situação de risco à saúde. Este estudo permitiu retirar essas
conclusões: os níveis de aptidão física, demonstrados pelas policiais militares ao término da
Escola Superior de Soldados, não se mantêm com o passar dos anos e vão diminuindo já nos
primeiros anos de serviço, assim como ocorre com as medidas antropométricas com aumento
da massa corporal e dos percentuais de gordura.
This study examined the levels of physical fitness of female police officers, members of the Military Police of São Paulo at the time of completion of the Training School for Soldiers, between the years 2001 and 2007, separated by years of completing their courses, and second, in 2011, it was possible to compare these levels between groups and the action of the years of service on the fitness of these people. The study sample consisted of 230 female police officers, all healthy, aged 25 to 35 years old, female and serving in policing in the Greater São Paulo. It was used as the reference standard physical fitness test of the Military Police of São Paulo, consisting of four tests: elbow flexion and extension in support of the front suspension on the ground, resting his knees on the bench, 30 inches tall , abdominal type rower in 01 minutes, 50- meter sprint and run or walk in 12 minutes. All female military police had conducted these tests on your years of training in PMESP. The tests were evaluated by repeated in 2011. We also applied the following tests anthropometric: body weight, skin folds (03 folds protocol Guedes) and height. To assess levels of physical activity and the presence of such persons any health risk situations, we applied PAR-Q and risk of coronary disease. We performed a descriptive analysis of data, while verification of homogeneity was performed using the Kolmogorov Smirnov test, due to sample size Given the normality test was applied to one-way ANOVA and Tukey's post hoc, and case where there was no normality, we applied the Kruskal-Wallis test, failing to determine where the difference is statistically significant considering that the program has not used the post hoc Dunn. Thus, it was shown not simply the difference, however, to show where it lies. To check whether there was a difference between pre-test (initial year of assessment) and post-test (done in 2011), was made the test "t" in case of normality, or the Wilcoxon test for nonparametric measures . For statistical treatment, we used SPSS, version 15.0. The main results of this survey indicate the following: there is parity in the levels of physical fitness PMESP (T1), with the finding of high levels of these levels regardless of the year in which they formed, in all tests completed in 2011 (T2) was observed decline in performance usually in a trend line proportional to the increase of years of service, especially the performance in the race in 12 minutes that she had already steep decline which continued in all groups, in the same direction as the anthropometric measurements levels recorded in the year of training were similar (T1), with increasing body weight and fat percentage increased proportionally to the number of years of service (T2), both in relation to the level of physical fitness and anthropometric measurements, the changes are greater than the expected rewards with increasing age, mostly, have evaluated the levels of physical activity among high and very high, however due to the requirements for professional and non-participation in physical training programs, in addition, approximately 70% of assessed were at least one risk to health. This study allowed us to draw these conclusions: the levels of physical fitness, demonstrated by military police at the end of the School of Soldiers not retained over the years and diminish in the first years of service as well as with anthropometric measurements with increased body mass and percentage fat.
This study examined the levels of physical fitness of female police officers, members of the Military Police of São Paulo at the time of completion of the Training School for Soldiers, between the years 2001 and 2007, separated by years of completing their courses, and second, in 2011, it was possible to compare these levels between groups and the action of the years of service on the fitness of these people. The study sample consisted of 230 female police officers, all healthy, aged 25 to 35 years old, female and serving in policing in the Greater São Paulo. It was used as the reference standard physical fitness test of the Military Police of São Paulo, consisting of four tests: elbow flexion and extension in support of the front suspension on the ground, resting his knees on the bench, 30 inches tall , abdominal type rower in 01 minutes, 50- meter sprint and run or walk in 12 minutes. All female military police had conducted these tests on your years of training in PMESP. The tests were evaluated by repeated in 2011. We also applied the following tests anthropometric: body weight, skin folds (03 folds protocol Guedes) and height. To assess levels of physical activity and the presence of such persons any health risk situations, we applied PAR-Q and risk of coronary disease. We performed a descriptive analysis of data, while verification of homogeneity was performed using the Kolmogorov Smirnov test, due to sample size Given the normality test was applied to one-way ANOVA and Tukey's post hoc, and case where there was no normality, we applied the Kruskal-Wallis test, failing to determine where the difference is statistically significant considering that the program has not used the post hoc Dunn. Thus, it was shown not simply the difference, however, to show where it lies. To check whether there was a difference between pre-test (initial year of assessment) and post-test (done in 2011), was made the test "t" in case of normality, or the Wilcoxon test for nonparametric measures . For statistical treatment, we used SPSS, version 15.0. The main results of this survey indicate the following: there is parity in the levels of physical fitness PMESP (T1), with the finding of high levels of these levels regardless of the year in which they formed, in all tests completed in 2011 (T2) was observed decline in performance usually in a trend line proportional to the increase of years of service, especially the performance in the race in 12 minutes that she had already steep decline which continued in all groups, in the same direction as the anthropometric measurements levels recorded in the year of training were similar (T1), with increasing body weight and fat percentage increased proportionally to the number of years of service (T2), both in relation to the level of physical fitness and anthropometric measurements, the changes are greater than the expected rewards with increasing age, mostly, have evaluated the levels of physical activity among high and very high, however due to the requirements for professional and non-participation in physical training programs, in addition, approximately 70% of assessed were at least one risk to health. This study allowed us to draw these conclusions: the levels of physical fitness, demonstrated by military police at the end of the School of Soldiers not retained over the years and diminish in the first years of service as well as with anthropometric measurements with increased body mass and percentage fat.
Descrição
Dissertação de Mestrado em Ciências do Desporto, Especialização em Avaliação e Prescrição na Actividade Física
Palavras-chave
Aptidão física , Antropometria , Polícia militar , São Paulo (Brasil)