A importância dos materiais didáticos no ensino da matemática no 1º e 2º ciclos do ensino básico
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2016-12-05
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No presente trabalho dissertativo pretende-se analisar a importância dos materiais
didáticos (MD) no ensino e aprendizagem da Matemática. Como a disciplina de Matemática
apresenta vários índices de insucesso escolar, pretendemos apurar se a aplicabilidade de
materiais didáticos manipulativos, despertam maior interesse e motivação por parte do aluno
no conteúdo a abordar. Neste sentido, para esta investigação, analisamos distintos estudos
realizados por diversos autores, acerca desta temática, e os materiais recomendados nos
Programas de Matemática.
Assim sendo, o presente relatório tem com principal objetivo analisar a importância
da utilização dos materiais didáticos no ensino da Matemática e descrever a prática de ensino
supervisionada no 1º e 2º Ciclos do Ensino Básico (CEB), Estágio I e II, respetivamente e,
particularmente apresentar os materiais didáticos manipuláveis (MDM) por nós criados e
utilizados ao longo destes estágios. Com esta aplicação pretende-se analisar e refletir sobre a
contribuição que estes terão no ensino e aprendizagem da Matemática nestes níveis de ensino.
Em termos gerais, verificamos que os professores consideram uma mais-valia para o
ensino da Matemática recorrer a MD essencialmente manipuláveis deforma a combater
lacunas nesta disciplina. Deste modo, o aluno com esta manipulação cria interligação entre o
concreto e o abstrato, assimilando todos os conteúdos matemáticos trabalhados de forma mais
ativa e participativa. Ao se sentirem interligados nas atividades pretendidas vão contribuir
naturalmente no processo de ensino e aprendizagem da Matemática de forma eficaz.
The aim of this dissertative work is to analyse the importance of instructional materials in teaching and learning Mathematics. As this subject presents a lot of school failure rates, we intend to ascertain if the application of manipulative instructional materials raises the student’s interest and motivation in the matter in question. With this in mind, for the purpose of this research, we analysed several studies carried out by many authors about this topic as well as the materials recommended in the Mathematics Syllabi. Thus, the main goal of this report is to analyse the importance of using instructional materials in the teaching of Mathematics and to describe the Supervised Teaching Practice in the 1st and 2nd Cycles of Basic Education, Teacher Training I and Teacher Training II respectively, and particularly to present the manipulative instructional materials created by us and used during these trainings. This implementation was conducted with the purpose of assessing and reflecting about the possible contribution of these materials in the teaching and learning of Mathematics in these levels of education. Generally, we found that teachers consider instructional materials, namely the manipulative ones, an asset in the teaching of Mathematics, in order to overcome the gaps in this subject. While manipulating the instructional material, the student establishes a link between the concrete and the abstract, assimilating all the mathematics contents taught, in a more active and participatory way. By feeling more involved in the suggested activities, the students will naturally contribute to the Mathematics teaching and learning process in an effective way.
The aim of this dissertative work is to analyse the importance of instructional materials in teaching and learning Mathematics. As this subject presents a lot of school failure rates, we intend to ascertain if the application of manipulative instructional materials raises the student’s interest and motivation in the matter in question. With this in mind, for the purpose of this research, we analysed several studies carried out by many authors about this topic as well as the materials recommended in the Mathematics Syllabi. Thus, the main goal of this report is to analyse the importance of using instructional materials in the teaching of Mathematics and to describe the Supervised Teaching Practice in the 1st and 2nd Cycles of Basic Education, Teacher Training I and Teacher Training II respectively, and particularly to present the manipulative instructional materials created by us and used during these trainings. This implementation was conducted with the purpose of assessing and reflecting about the possible contribution of these materials in the teaching and learning of Mathematics in these levels of education. Generally, we found that teachers consider instructional materials, namely the manipulative ones, an asset in the teaching of Mathematics, in order to overcome the gaps in this subject. While manipulating the instructional material, the student establishes a link between the concrete and the abstract, assimilating all the mathematics contents taught, in a more active and participatory way. By feeling more involved in the suggested activities, the students will naturally contribute to the Mathematics teaching and learning process in an effective way.
Descrição
Dissertação de Mestrado em Ensino do 1º e 2º Ciclos do Ensino Básico
Palavras-chave
Matemática , Materiais didáticos , Prática de ensino supervisionada