Desempenho motor e cognitivo de crianças e adolescentes com e sem diagnóstico do transtorno de déficit de atenção/hiperatividade
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2017-02-06
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O presente estudo pretendeu comparar o Quociente Motor (QM), obtido através do Teste Körperkoordinationstest Für Kinder (KTK), e o desempenho cognitivo, avaliado através do Teste das Matrizes Progressivas de Raven, entre escolares, de 06 a 14 anos, com e sem o diagnóstico para o Transtorno de Déficit de Atenção/Hiperatividade (TDAH) de uma escola particular de Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brasil. Participaram da pesquisa 40 estudantes, com idades entre 6 e 14 anos, sendo 25 (62,50%) do gênero masculino e 15 (37,50%) do gênero feminino. Para avaliar o desempenho cognitivo foram realizados os testes das Matrizes Progressivas de Raven e para o desempenho motor foi realizado o KTK. Ao comparar o desempenho das crianças com diagnóstico de TDAH e sem distúrbios neurocomportamentais foi encontrada diferença significativa quanto ao QMT do KTK e para os subtestes trave de equilíbrio, saltos monopedais e transferência sobre plataformas. Não foram encontradas diferenças significativas comparando-se os resultados da amostra no subteste saltos laterais e nos testes das Matrizes Progressivas de Raven. Concluímos que as crianças com diagnóstico de TDAH apresentam desempenho coordenativo inferior às crianças sem o diagnóstico para o referido transtorno nos grupos pesquisados, enquanto o desempenho cognitivo é semelhante entre os grupos. Os resultados são coerentes com os dados encontrados na literatura e possibilitam um melhor planejamento e orientação das atividades motoras para as crianças diagnosticadas com TDAH.
This study compared the Motor Quotient obtained through the Körperkoordinationstest Für Kinder (KTK) Test and the cognitive performance assessed through Raven’s Progressive Matrices Test in a group of students aged between 6 and 14, with and without the diagnosis for ADD, from a private school in Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil. 40 students, aged between 6 and 14, 25 of which are male (62.50%) and 15 are female (37.50%). Raven 's Progressive Matrices tests were applied to evaluate cognitive performance. KTK Test was applied to evaluate the motor skills in different age groups. When comparing the performance of children diagnosed with ADHD with the ones without neurobehavioral disorders, we found significant differences regarding TMQ results, as well as the balancing bars, one-leg hopping and shifting between platforms. We did not find meaningful differences in the comparison between the sideways jumping subtest and the Raven’s Progressive Matrices Test. While cognitive performance is similar across groups, it is possible to affirm that children diagnosed with ADHD demonstrate inferior coordinative performance when compared to children without the diagnosed disorder in the researched groups. Results are consistent with data found in specialized literature and allow for better planning and guidance of motor activities for children diagnosed with ADHD.
This study compared the Motor Quotient obtained through the Körperkoordinationstest Für Kinder (KTK) Test and the cognitive performance assessed through Raven’s Progressive Matrices Test in a group of students aged between 6 and 14, with and without the diagnosis for ADD, from a private school in Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil. 40 students, aged between 6 and 14, 25 of which are male (62.50%) and 15 are female (37.50%). Raven 's Progressive Matrices tests were applied to evaluate cognitive performance. KTK Test was applied to evaluate the motor skills in different age groups. When comparing the performance of children diagnosed with ADHD with the ones without neurobehavioral disorders, we found significant differences regarding TMQ results, as well as the balancing bars, one-leg hopping and shifting between platforms. We did not find meaningful differences in the comparison between the sideways jumping subtest and the Raven’s Progressive Matrices Test. While cognitive performance is similar across groups, it is possible to affirm that children diagnosed with ADHD demonstrate inferior coordinative performance when compared to children without the diagnosed disorder in the researched groups. Results are consistent with data found in specialized literature and allow for better planning and guidance of motor activities for children diagnosed with ADHD.
Descrição
Dissertação de Mestrado em Educação Física e Desporto, Especialização em Desenvolvimento da Criança
Palavras-chave
Desenvolvimento motor , Desenvolvimento cognitivo , Hiperatividade , Transtorno do défice de atenção , Matrizes progressivas de Raven , Teste KTK