Estudo da influência da satisfação com o casamento na qualidade de vida e no processo de luto em viúvos
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2016
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O envelhecimento mundial é considerado um dos grandes desafios deste século. O aumento da esperança média de vida e a diminuição da morbilidade acarretam consequências: o aumento do número de pessoas mais velhas e, por sua vez, o aparecimento de mais viúvos.
A perda da pessoa amada, companheira de uma vida, é um acontecimento que provoca um sofrimento indescritível, contudo é um acontecimento normativo do ciclo de vida. Ficar viúvo, enviuvar, é acolher novos desafios e criar uma adaptação saudável à nova fase da vida, este período de tempo a seguir à perda onde existe uma luta constante contra sentimentos de solidão e tristeza denomina-se de luto.
O luto é um mecanismo universal e individual, cada indivíduo experiencia o luto de acordo com os seus valores e experiências. Progressivamente, o viúvo, aceita a perda como algo real da sua vida e, nesse momento, está preparado para retomar a sua vida habitual.
A solidão é muitas vezes associada ao estado civil de viúvo/a, este sentimento passa por ser um conceito subjetivo e sentido de forma individual e são vários os autores que o tentam definir.
A conceção de qualidade de vida é ampla, assim como a solidão, porém ela é necessária para que possamos concluir o ciclo de vida da melhor forma possível.
Assim, este estudo tem como entender de que forma é que a satisfação com o casamento e condição de viuvez influenciam o processo de luto, o aparecimento de sentimentos de solidão, o estilo e a qualidade de vida.
No que concerne à metodologia, a amostra foi constituída por 101 indivíduos viúvos, dos 26 aos 89 anos e utilizaram-se vários instrumentos: a ficha de dados sociodemográficos, o questionário sobre o luto, a escala de solidão, a escala de estilos de vida e o WHOQOL-bref.
Depois de feita a recolha de dados procedeu-se a uma análise descritiva e inferencial. A amostra de 101 participantes divide-se em 76 indivíduos do sexo feminino e 25 indivíduos do sexo masculino. Da amostra total, 30 indivíduos possuem idade inferior a 65 anos e 71 indivíduos desfrutam de idades superiores a 65 anos.
Desta investigação destaca-se o facto de existirem mais mulheres que homens viúvos mas que são os homens quem vive mais feliz durante o casamento. No entanto, na viuvez, são os mais jovens que apresentam maiores valores de solidão suplantando os indivíduos mais velhos.
The global aging is considered one of the great challenges of this century. The increase in life expectancy and decreased morbidity negative consequences: increased number of older people, and in turn, the appearance of more widowers. The loss of a loved one, companion of a lifetime, is an event that causes untold suffering, yet it is a normative event lifecycle. Staying widower, widowed, is welcome new challenges and create a healthy adaptation to the new phase of life, this time following the loss where there is a constant battle against feelings of loneliness and sadness is called mourning. The mourning is a universal and individual mechanism, each individual experiences the mourning according to their values and experiences. Progressively, the widower, accepts the loss as something real in your life and at this time, is ready to retake his usual life. Loneliness is often associated with marital status Widow / er, this feeling happens to be a subjective concept and sense individually, and several authors who try to define. The design quality of life is broad, and loneliness, but it is necessary for us to complete the life cycle in the best possible way. So, this study has to understand how marriage satisfaction and widowhood conditions influence the process of mourning, the appearance of feelings of loneliness, style and quality of life. Regarding the methodology, the sample consisted of 101 widowed individuals, from 26 to 89 years old and several instruments were used: the socio-demographic data sheet, the questionnaire on mourning, the loneliness scale, the lifestyle scale And WHOQOL-bref. After the collection of data, a descriptive and inferential analysis was carried out. The sample of 101 participants is divided into 76 females and 25 males. Of the total sample, 30 individuals are aged less than 65 years and 71 individuals enjoy ages over 65 years. This research highlights the fact that there are more women than men who are widowed, but men who live happier during marriage. However, in the widowhood, it is the younger ones who present higher values of solitude supplanting the older individuals.
The global aging is considered one of the great challenges of this century. The increase in life expectancy and decreased morbidity negative consequences: increased number of older people, and in turn, the appearance of more widowers. The loss of a loved one, companion of a lifetime, is an event that causes untold suffering, yet it is a normative event lifecycle. Staying widower, widowed, is welcome new challenges and create a healthy adaptation to the new phase of life, this time following the loss where there is a constant battle against feelings of loneliness and sadness is called mourning. The mourning is a universal and individual mechanism, each individual experiences the mourning according to their values and experiences. Progressively, the widower, accepts the loss as something real in your life and at this time, is ready to retake his usual life. Loneliness is often associated with marital status Widow / er, this feeling happens to be a subjective concept and sense individually, and several authors who try to define. The design quality of life is broad, and loneliness, but it is necessary for us to complete the life cycle in the best possible way. So, this study has to understand how marriage satisfaction and widowhood conditions influence the process of mourning, the appearance of feelings of loneliness, style and quality of life. Regarding the methodology, the sample consisted of 101 widowed individuals, from 26 to 89 years old and several instruments were used: the socio-demographic data sheet, the questionnaire on mourning, the loneliness scale, the lifestyle scale And WHOQOL-bref. After the collection of data, a descriptive and inferential analysis was carried out. The sample of 101 participants is divided into 76 females and 25 males. Of the total sample, 30 individuals are aged less than 65 years and 71 individuals enjoy ages over 65 years. This research highlights the fact that there are more women than men who are widowed, but men who live happier during marriage. However, in the widowhood, it is the younger ones who present higher values of solitude supplanting the older individuals.
Descrição
Dissertação de Mestrado em Gerontologia, Especialização em Atividade Física e Saúde no Idoso
Palavras-chave
Gerontologia , Envelhecimento , Viuvez , Solidão , Qualidade de vida