Estilos de liderança: relação entre os atletas e os treinadores nos treinos de desporto escolar
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Data
2017
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Com este estudo, pretendeu-se investigar e aprofundar os conhecimentos científicos sobre a relação de liderança entre treinador e atleta no contexto do Desporto Escolar, nas modalidades de Futsal, Basquetebol e Badmínton. Participaram neste estudo n=45 sujeitos, dos quais 41 eram atletas do Desporto Escolar e 4 Professores de Educação Física que desempenharam a função de treinador. Para o tratamento estatístico dos dados foi utilizada a versão perceção e autoperceção da Escala de Liderança no Desporto (ELD). Relativamente à análise dos mesmos, recorreu-se à comparação de médias para a análise da média (M), do desvio padrão (DP) e à estatística descritiva: t-test, em que o nível de significância ficou estabelecido em 0,05.
Para os comportamentos de interação: reforço e treino-instrução, os resultados demonstram que foram os mais evidenciados na perceção dos atletas e dos treinadores. Já nos comportamentos de decisão, os resultados demonstram que o estilo autocrático surge como o menos percecionado pelos atletas e o estilo democrático surge como o mais privilegiado. Contudo, verificaram-se diferenças significativas no comportamento democrático relativamente à perceção dos atletas e à autoperceção do treinador da modalidade de Futsal (Juvenis femininos). Este considera adotar um perfil de liderança com o uso da autoridade pessoal ao colocar em prática as decisões. As ideias dos atletas geralmente não são solicitadas.
As principais conclusões para os treinadores e atletas avaliados nesta pesquisa foram: em 1º lugar o perfil ideal de um líder deve ser um treinador que forneça feedback positivo e que recompensa constantemente os atletas pelo bom desempenho (reforço); em 2º lugar o líder deve apresentar uma excelência de conhecimentos sobre os aspetos técnicos e táticos da modalidade (treino-instrução) e em 3º lugar, o líder deve adotar uma postura democrática em relação às decisões relacionadas com a equipa.
The purpose of this study was to investigate and develop the scientific knowledge about the leadership relation between coach and athlete in the context of School Sports in Futsal, Basketball and Badminton. This study analyzes n = 45 subjects, of which 41 were sports athletes and 4 sports teachers who played the role of coach. For the statistical analysis of the data was used the perception and self-perception version of the Leadership Scale in Sport (LSS). Regarding the analysis of the data, it was done the comparison of averages for analysis of the average (AVG), standard deviation (SD) and the descriptive statistics: t-test, in which the level of significance was set at 0.05. About the interaction behaviors: strengthening and instruction-training, the results show that were the most evidenced in the perception of athletes and coaches. About the decision behaviors, the results show that the autocratic style emerges as the less perceived by athletes and the democratic style emerges as the more privileged. However, there were significant differences in democratic behavior in relation to the perception of the athletes and the coach's self-perception in Futsal (female Youth). He considers adopting a leadership profile by using the personal authority to put into practice the decisions. The ideas of the athletes are usually not requested. The main conclusions for the coaches and athletes evaluated in this research were: first the ideal profile of a leader should be a coach that provides positive feedback and we constantly reward athletes for good performance (boost); second the leader must show an excellent knowledge of the technical and tactical aspects of the modality (training-instruction) and in 3rd place, the leader should adopt a democratic posture in relation to decisions relating to the team.
The purpose of this study was to investigate and develop the scientific knowledge about the leadership relation between coach and athlete in the context of School Sports in Futsal, Basketball and Badminton. This study analyzes n = 45 subjects, of which 41 were sports athletes and 4 sports teachers who played the role of coach. For the statistical analysis of the data was used the perception and self-perception version of the Leadership Scale in Sport (LSS). Regarding the analysis of the data, it was done the comparison of averages for analysis of the average (AVG), standard deviation (SD) and the descriptive statistics: t-test, in which the level of significance was set at 0.05. About the interaction behaviors: strengthening and instruction-training, the results show that were the most evidenced in the perception of athletes and coaches. About the decision behaviors, the results show that the autocratic style emerges as the less perceived by athletes and the democratic style emerges as the more privileged. However, there were significant differences in democratic behavior in relation to the perception of the athletes and the coach's self-perception in Futsal (female Youth). He considers adopting a leadership profile by using the personal authority to put into practice the decisions. The ideas of the athletes are usually not requested. The main conclusions for the coaches and athletes evaluated in this research were: first the ideal profile of a leader should be a coach that provides positive feedback and we constantly reward athletes for good performance (boost); second the leader must show an excellent knowledge of the technical and tactical aspects of the modality (training-instruction) and in 3rd place, the leader should adopt a democratic posture in relation to decisions relating to the team.
Descrição
Dissertação de Mestrado em Ensino de Educação Física, nos Ensinos Básico e Secundário
Palavras-chave
Desporto escolar , Atletas , Treinadores , Liderança