Estimativa do custo de produção em Portugal da carne de frango, peru, suíno, bovino e borrego
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2015
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A presente Dissertação de Mestrado representa o culminar de um estágio curricular
de quatro meses que ocorreu no âmbito do Programa Call for Solutions – Universities da
SONAE.
O objectivo principal do estágio foi desenhar uma plataforma informática que
estimasse os custos de produção de suínos, bovinos de carne, borrego, frango e peru, tendo
em conta todos os índices técnicos do sistema produtivo e os custos operacionais. Esta
plataforma terá especial interesse para a gestão das explorações pecuárias, uma vez que
auxilia os produtores na tomada de decisão tendo em vista o aumento da eficiência produtiva.
Para a elaboração das fórmulas de cálculo procedeu-se à recolha confidencial de dados reais
de explorações portuguesas com sistemas produtivos semelhantes. A informação em falta foi
recolhida de bibliografia cujos dados provêm de explorações em condições idênticas às
nacionais.
No decorrer do estágio foi-me ainda proposta a criação de bases de dados de cotações
do porco, peru e das principais matérias-primas utilizadas para os alimentos compostos.
Durante as visitas às explorações de bovinos sentiu-se a necessidade de criar um programa
simples que permitisse avaliar a dieta em vigor e prever os consumos totais de alimento
durante uma determinada fase do ciclo produtivo.
Todos os objectivos do estágio foram concluídos com êxito. O trabalho revelou que as
margens do produtor são, actualmente, bastante débeis e relativamente instáveis devido à
grande flutuação do preço das matérias-primas. A organização das fileiras aumentaria a
produtividade e rentabilidade, melhorando o poder negocial da produção com a indústria
transformadora e com o comércio, nomeadamente a grande distribuição.
This Master's Thesis is the culmination of a four-month traineeship which took place under the Call for Solutions – Universities Program at SONAE. The main goal was to design a platform that estimates the cost of pork production, beef cattle, lamb, broiler and turkey, taking into account all the technical parameters of the productive system and operating costs. This platform will have special interest for the management of livestock farms, as it helps farmers in decision-making to increase production efficiency. For the development of estimation formulas proceeded to the collection of real data of Portuguese farms with similar production systems. Additional information was gathered from literature whose data come from farms in the same conditions as Portuguese. During the internship was also proposed to create prices databases of turkey, pig and the main raw materials used for the compound feed. Throughout the visits to cattle farms, it was requested to create a simple program that allow to evaluate the animal’s diet and predict the total feed consumption during a certain stage of the production cycle. All the internship goals were completed successfully. The study revealed that producer margins are currently very reduced and relatively unstable due to large fluctuations in the raw material’s prices. The organization of livestock producers would increase productivity and profitability by improving the bargaining power with the meat processing industry and traders, including supermarkets.
This Master's Thesis is the culmination of a four-month traineeship which took place under the Call for Solutions – Universities Program at SONAE. The main goal was to design a platform that estimates the cost of pork production, beef cattle, lamb, broiler and turkey, taking into account all the technical parameters of the productive system and operating costs. This platform will have special interest for the management of livestock farms, as it helps farmers in decision-making to increase production efficiency. For the development of estimation formulas proceeded to the collection of real data of Portuguese farms with similar production systems. Additional information was gathered from literature whose data come from farms in the same conditions as Portuguese. During the internship was also proposed to create prices databases of turkey, pig and the main raw materials used for the compound feed. Throughout the visits to cattle farms, it was requested to create a simple program that allow to evaluate the animal’s diet and predict the total feed consumption during a certain stage of the production cycle. All the internship goals were completed successfully. The study revealed that producer margins are currently very reduced and relatively unstable due to large fluctuations in the raw material’s prices. The organization of livestock producers would increase productivity and profitability by improving the bargaining power with the meat processing industry and traders, including supermarkets.
Descrição
Dissertação de Mestrado em Engenharia Zootécnica
Palavras-chave
Exploração agrícola , Produção animal , Portugal , Custo de produção , Indicadores técnico-produtivos