Diagnóstico de dermatofitose em cães e gatos domésticos pelo método de Mackenzie
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2017
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No presente estudo, investigou-se a ocorrência de dermatofitose em cães e gatos assintomáticos e sintomáticos. Este rastreio teve lugar nos dois locais de estágio e a colheita de amostras foi efetuada entre Dezembro 2016 e Maio de 2017. As amostras foram colhidas, através do método de Mackenzie, em dois locais diferentes (Portugal e Espanha) mas com clima muito semelhante em termos de pluviosidade e temperatura. Numa segunda fase foram registadas as frequências dos fungos saprófitas.
O primeiro local de colheita foi o Hospital Veterinário do Baixo Vouga, concelho de Águeda e distrito de Aveiro, onde foram colhidas 29 amostras. No segundo local de colheita, o Hospital Veterinário Abros, concelho de Ourense, no Norte de Espanha, foram colhidas as restantes 71 amostras. Todos os cães e gatos até aos 3 anos de idade ou com sintomatologia clínica compatível com dermatofitose foram alvo do estudo, tendo sido escolhidos aleatoriamente. As amostras de pelos e escamas colhidas foram posteriormente inoculadas em meio DTM®, durante 4 semanas em condições de temperatura e humidade indicadas para este meio de cultura, e sujeitos a identificação macro e microscópica. Os dados relativos a cada animal foram registados através do preenchimento de um formulário.
Dos 100 animais, 53 eram cães e 47 eram gatos, com predominância do sexo feminino (56%) e da faixa etária até ao 1 ano de idade (64%). 5% dos animais foram diagnosticados com dermatofitose subclínica, através do resultado positivo em meio DTM® e visualização microscópica das macroconídias. Quatro dos cinco animais positivos eram gatos, com idade inferior a 2 anos, e as espécies de dermatófitos encontradas foram: M. nanum em 2 gatos; M. canis em 1 gato e Trichophyton spp. em 1 cão e 1 gato. Das espécies de fungos saprófitas isoladas, 34% pertenciam ao género Penicillium; 16,5% ao género Acremonium; 15,3% ao género Mucor; 11,8% ao género Fusarium; 10,6% ao género Aspergillus; 2,4% ao género Trichoderma.
Este estudo permitiu concluir que o método de Mackenzie parece ser uma ferramenta bastante útil no diagnóstico de animais assintomáticos.
In the present study, an occurrence of dermatophytosis in asymptomatic and symptomatic dogs and cats was investigated. This screening took place at two training places and sampling was performed between December 2016 and May 2017. The samples were collected using the Mackenzie method, in two different locations (Portugal and Spain) but with a very similar climate in terms of rainfall and temperature. In a second phasis, it was registered saprophytic fungi frequency. The first collection site was at the Hospital Veterinário do Baixo Vouga, municipality of Águeda and district of Aveiro, where 29 samples were collected. At the second collection site, Hospital Veterinario Abros, in the county of Ourense, northern Spain, the remaining 71 samples were collected. All the dogs and cats up to 3 years of age or with clinical symptoms compatible with dermatophytosis were the target of the study and were randomly selected. The samples of hair and scaling were then inoculated in DTM® medium for 4 weeks under conditions of temperature and humidity indicated for this culture medium and subjected to macro and microscopic identification. Data for each animal were recorded by completing a formulary. Of the 100 animals, 53 were dogs and 47 were cats, predominantly female (56%) and predominantly with a year-old of age (64%). 5% of the animals were diagnosed with subclinical dermatophytosis, through the positive result in DTM® medium and microscopic search of macroconidia. Four of the five positive animals were cats, with age less than 2 years, and the species of dermatophytes found were: M. nanum in 2 cats; M. canis in 1 cat and Trichophyton spp. in 1 dog and 1 cat. Of the species of isolated saprophytic fungi, 34% belonged to the genus Penicillium; 16.5% to the genus Acremonium; 15.3% to the genus Mucor; 11.8% to the genus Fusarium; 10.6% to the genus Aspergillus; 2.4% to the genus Trichoderma. This study allowed to conclude that the Mackenzie method seems to be a very useful tool in the diagnosis of asymptomatic animals.
In the present study, an occurrence of dermatophytosis in asymptomatic and symptomatic dogs and cats was investigated. This screening took place at two training places and sampling was performed between December 2016 and May 2017. The samples were collected using the Mackenzie method, in two different locations (Portugal and Spain) but with a very similar climate in terms of rainfall and temperature. In a second phasis, it was registered saprophytic fungi frequency. The first collection site was at the Hospital Veterinário do Baixo Vouga, municipality of Águeda and district of Aveiro, where 29 samples were collected. At the second collection site, Hospital Veterinario Abros, in the county of Ourense, northern Spain, the remaining 71 samples were collected. All the dogs and cats up to 3 years of age or with clinical symptoms compatible with dermatophytosis were the target of the study and were randomly selected. The samples of hair and scaling were then inoculated in DTM® medium for 4 weeks under conditions of temperature and humidity indicated for this culture medium and subjected to macro and microscopic identification. Data for each animal were recorded by completing a formulary. Of the 100 animals, 53 were dogs and 47 were cats, predominantly female (56%) and predominantly with a year-old of age (64%). 5% of the animals were diagnosed with subclinical dermatophytosis, through the positive result in DTM® medium and microscopic search of macroconidia. Four of the five positive animals were cats, with age less than 2 years, and the species of dermatophytes found were: M. nanum in 2 cats; M. canis in 1 cat and Trichophyton spp. in 1 dog and 1 cat. Of the species of isolated saprophytic fungi, 34% belonged to the genus Penicillium; 16.5% to the genus Acremonium; 15.3% to the genus Mucor; 11.8% to the genus Fusarium; 10.6% to the genus Aspergillus; 2.4% to the genus Trichoderma. This study allowed to conclude that the Mackenzie method seems to be a very useful tool in the diagnosis of asymptomatic animals.
Descrição
Dissertação de Mestrado Integrado em Medicina Veterinária
Palavras-chave
Cão , Dermatofitose , Gato , Diagnóstico , Meio de cultura (DTM) , Animais assintomáticos , Método Mackenzie