Efeito de 6 semanas de treino de força baseado no complex training na capacidade de sprinte e agilidade em árbitros de futebol
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2019-02-15
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O método de treino complex training parece otimizar o desempenho dos gestos técnicos que envolvem força explosiva (sprintes, saltos, arremessos), e assume-se como uma estratégia do processo de treino, tendo em vista a melhoria da performance desportiva. Contudo,embora existam evidências científicas da sua eficiência e aplicabilidade, existe tambêm alguma contorvésia e divergência na literatura científica. Desta forma, o objetivo do presente estudo é verificar se a inclusão de um protocolo com duas sessões semanais de um treino de força, baseado no complex training, ao longo de 6 semanas, permite a melhoria da capacidade de sprinte e agilidade em árbitros de futebol. Para o efeito, 17 árbitros de futebol, 15 do sexo masculino e 2 do sexo feminino, (idades 26,20 ± 7,62) foram divididos em 2 grupos. O grupo de controlo (n=8) que cumpriu apenas o treino regular de árbitros, e o grupo experimental (n=9), que realizou adicionalmente 3 séries de 6 RM do exercício agachamento, com um sprint de 40 m ou o teste de agilidade T`Drill (40m), 4 minutos após cada série. A carga foi aumentada em 5% a partir da 1 repetição máxima a cada duas semanas. Os participantes foram avaliados no sprinte (5, 20, e 40m) e na agilidade (teste T`Drill), em dois momentos, com recurso a células fotoelétricas. As avaliações ocorreram antes do início do programa de treino, e após 6 semanas do início do mesmo. Não foram observadas diferenças estatisticamente significativas na interação momento versus grupo, e nem entre grupos. Quando avaliado cada grupo, individualmente, foi observado uma melhoria significativa em todas as variáveis analisadas no GE do momento pré-intervenção para o momento pós-intervenção. Contudo, no GC somente foi observado uma melhoria da performance entre o momento pré e pós no teste de agilidade. Com base nos resultados obtidos, conclui-se que o complex training parece ser uma estratégia de treino adequada para desenvolver a velocidade em árbitros de futebol, contudo deve ser efetuado uma avaliação individual desse efeito.
The training method “Complex Training” seems to optimize the performance of the technical gestures that involve explosive force (sprints, jumps or pitches), and assumes itself as a training process strategy, aiming at improving the sports performance. However, although there is scientific evidence of its efficiency and applicability, there is some controversy and divergence in the scientific literature. This way, this study's object is to verify if the inclusion of a protocol with two weekly sessions of a strength training, based on the "Complex Training", over 6 weeks, allows the improvement of the ability of sprint and agility in soccer referees. For this purpose, 17 soccer referees, 15 males and 2 females, (Ages 26,20 ± 7,62) were divided into 2 groups. The control group (n = 8) who only completed the regular training of referees, and the experimental group (n = 9), who additionally performed 3 sets of 6 RM of the squat exercise, with a sprint of 40m or the T`Drill test (40m), 4 minutes after each series. The load was increased by 5% from the first max repetition every two weeks. The participants were evaluated in sprint (5, 20, and 40m) and agility (T`Drill test), in two moments, with the use of photoelectric cells. The evaluations occurred before the start of the training program, and after 6 weeks of the beginning of the same. There were no statistically significant differences in the interaction Moment versus Group, and neither between groups. When each group was individually assessed, a significant improvement was observed in all the analyzed variables in the GE from the pre-intervention moment to the post-intervention moment. However, in GC only an improvement in performance was observed between the pre and post moment in the agility test. Based on the obtained results, it is concluded that the CT seems to be a suitable training strategy to develop the speed in soccer referees, nevertheless an individual evaluation of this effect should be carried out.
The training method “Complex Training” seems to optimize the performance of the technical gestures that involve explosive force (sprints, jumps or pitches), and assumes itself as a training process strategy, aiming at improving the sports performance. However, although there is scientific evidence of its efficiency and applicability, there is some controversy and divergence in the scientific literature. This way, this study's object is to verify if the inclusion of a protocol with two weekly sessions of a strength training, based on the "Complex Training", over 6 weeks, allows the improvement of the ability of sprint and agility in soccer referees. For this purpose, 17 soccer referees, 15 males and 2 females, (Ages 26,20 ± 7,62) were divided into 2 groups. The control group (n = 8) who only completed the regular training of referees, and the experimental group (n = 9), who additionally performed 3 sets of 6 RM of the squat exercise, with a sprint of 40m or the T`Drill test (40m), 4 minutes after each series. The load was increased by 5% from the first max repetition every two weeks. The participants were evaluated in sprint (5, 20, and 40m) and agility (T`Drill test), in two moments, with the use of photoelectric cells. The evaluations occurred before the start of the training program, and after 6 weeks of the beginning of the same. There were no statistically significant differences in the interaction Moment versus Group, and neither between groups. When each group was individually assessed, a significant improvement was observed in all the analyzed variables in the GE from the pre-intervention moment to the post-intervention moment. However, in GC only an improvement in performance was observed between the pre and post moment in the agility test. Based on the obtained results, it is concluded that the CT seems to be a suitable training strategy to develop the speed in soccer referees, nevertheless an individual evaluation of this effect should be carried out.
Descrição
Dissertação de Mestrado em Ciências do Desporto Especialização em Atividades de Academia apresentada à Universidade de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro
Palavras-chave
complex training , potencialização pós-ativação , sprinte , força