Gestão da Diabetes Mellitus tipo 2 pelas Famílias numa Unidade de Cuidados de Saúde Personalizados, na região do Baixo Tâmega
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2019-04-24
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Enquadramento – Este relatório resultou de um Estágio realizado numa Unidade de Cuidados de Saúde Personalizados (USCP), inserido no Plano de Estudos do Mestrado em Enfermagem de Saúde Familiar. Durante este percurso desenvolvemos um estudo empírico que se centrou na gestão da doença pelas famílias dos utentes portadores de DM2 e procuramos relacionar as competências especificas do Enfermeiro especialista em enfermagem de saúde familiar com as competências desenvolvidas. Objetivos – Refletir criticamente sobre as experiências vividas, dificuldades sentidas e competências desenvolvidas; Relacionar as atividades realizadas com o desenvolvimento de competências específicas do Enfermeiro Especialista em Enfermagem de Saúde Familiar; Apresentar os resultados do estudo, discussão e conclusões; Sugerir intervenções dirigidas às famílias participantes; Fornecer um instrumento de avaliação respeitante ao estágio realizado. Método – Estudo descritivo, exploratório, transversal e de abordagem mista. A população incidiu nas famílias de pessoas portadoras de DM2, pertencentes a uma UCSP da Região do Baixo Tâmega, sendo a amostra constituída por 8 dessas famílias. O instrumento de recolha de dados foi um formulário, construído ad hoc. Resultados – A maioria dos participantes pertencia ao sexo masculino (62,5%), no grupo etário com menos de 64 anos (62,5%) com o 1.º ciclo do Ensino Básico (75%). Os participantes expressaram um conjunto de conceções diversificado, sendo que metade dos familiares (50%) não se sentia capaz de gerir a doença, apesar de serem uma parte ativa do processo. Em termos de dificuldades demonstradas pelos participantes no processo de apoio/gestão da DM2, sobressaíram a adoção da dieta e a vigilância da glicemia capilar. Conclusões – Os participantes do estudo não demonstraram possuir um conceito adequado da doença, embora estivessem conscientes da sua gravidade. De salientar que todas as dificuldades evidenciadas podem ser trabalhadas pelo Enfermeiro de Família, num processo de educação terapêutica junto dos utentes e suas famílias para conseguir tornar os seus membros mais autónomos. O estágio permitiu-nos desenvolver as competências específicas na área da Enfermagem de Saúde Familiar, nomeadamente, cuidar da família como uma unidade de cuidados nas diferentes fases do ciclo de vida da mesma.
Background - This report was the result of an Internship in a Personalized Health Care Unit (PHCU), included in the Master's Degree Program in Family Health Nursing. During this course we developed an empirical study that focused on the management of the disease by the families of users with DM2 and sought to relate the specific competences of the nurse specialist in family health nursing with the skills developed. Objectives - Reflect critically on the lived experiences, experienced difficulties and developed competences; To relate the activities carried out with the development of specific competencies of the Specialist Nursing Practitioner in Family Health Nursing; Present study results, discussion and conclusions; Suggest interventions addressed to the participating families; Provide an evaluation instrument regarding the stage completed. Method – Descriptive, exploratory, transversal and mixed approach study. The population was the families of persons with DM2, belonging to a (PHCU) of the Lower Tâmega Region, and the sample consisted of 8 of these families. The data collection instrument was a form, built ad hoc. Results – The majority of the participants were male (62.5%), in the age group under 64 (62.5%) with the 1st cycle of Basic Education (75%). Participants expressed a diverse set of concepts, with half of the family members (50%) not feeling capable of managing the disease, although they were an active part of the process. In terms of difficulties demonstrated by the participants in the DM2 support / management process, the adoption of diet and monitoring of capillary glycemia were the most important. Conclusions: Study participants did not demonstrate an adequate concept of the disease, although they were aware of its seriousness. It should be noted that all the difficulties highlighted can be worked by the Family Nurse in a process of therapeutic education for the users and their families to be able to make their members more autonomous. The internship allowed us to develop the specific competences in the area of Family Health Nursing, namely to take care of the family as a care unit in the different stages of the iy’s life cycle.
Background - This report was the result of an Internship in a Personalized Health Care Unit (PHCU), included in the Master's Degree Program in Family Health Nursing. During this course we developed an empirical study that focused on the management of the disease by the families of users with DM2 and sought to relate the specific competences of the nurse specialist in family health nursing with the skills developed. Objectives - Reflect critically on the lived experiences, experienced difficulties and developed competences; To relate the activities carried out with the development of specific competencies of the Specialist Nursing Practitioner in Family Health Nursing; Present study results, discussion and conclusions; Suggest interventions addressed to the participating families; Provide an evaluation instrument regarding the stage completed. Method – Descriptive, exploratory, transversal and mixed approach study. The population was the families of persons with DM2, belonging to a (PHCU) of the Lower Tâmega Region, and the sample consisted of 8 of these families. The data collection instrument was a form, built ad hoc. Results – The majority of the participants were male (62.5%), in the age group under 64 (62.5%) with the 1st cycle of Basic Education (75%). Participants expressed a diverse set of concepts, with half of the family members (50%) not feeling capable of managing the disease, although they were an active part of the process. In terms of difficulties demonstrated by the participants in the DM2 support / management process, the adoption of diet and monitoring of capillary glycemia were the most important. Conclusions: Study participants did not demonstrate an adequate concept of the disease, although they were aware of its seriousness. It should be noted that all the difficulties highlighted can be worked by the Family Nurse in a process of therapeutic education for the users and their families to be able to make their members more autonomous. The internship allowed us to develop the specific competences in the area of Family Health Nursing, namely to take care of the family as a care unit in the different stages of the iy’s life cycle.
Descrição
Mestrado em Enfermagem de Saúde Familiar
Palavras-chave
Diabetes Mellitus tipo 2 , Adesão terapêutica na Diabetes , Família , Cuidados de Enfermagem