Relação entre necessidades e bem-estar psicológico dos familiares dos doentes internados numa unidade de cuidados intensivos
Data
2019-03-28
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A hospitalização de um familiar em situação crítica numa unidade de cuidados intensivos (UCI) constitui uma situação promotora de sentimentos de incerteza quanto ao presente e futuro do doente, bem como a alteração da perspetiva de vida da família. Assim, os enfermeiros devem avaliar as necessidades da família de forma a poder proporcionar cuidados de qualidade ao doente e também aos seus familiares, de modo a minimizar os problemas resultantes da doença e da hospitalização. Neste sentido, foi desenvolvido um estudo transversal, correlacional com uma abordagem quantitativa, a fim de atingir os seguintes objetivos: avaliar as Necessidades e o Bem-Estar Psicológico dos Familiares do doente crítico numa UCI; analisar a relação das Necessidades com o Bem-Estar Psicológico dos familiares do doente crítico numa UCI; analisar as Necessidades e o Bem-Estar Psicológico em função do género, idade, estado civil e nível de escolaridade dos familiares de doentes hospitalizados numa UCI. A amostra não probabilística foi constituída por 92 familiares de doentes internados numa unidade de cuidados intensivos de um hospital da zona norte de Portugal. Para a recolha de dados foi utilizada a escala de Critical Care Family Needs Inventory (CCNFI) adaptada para a população portuguesa por Campos (2014) e o questionário de Bem-Estar Psicológico - Reduzido (QBEP-R) desenvolvido por Rainho et al. (2012). Os resultados evidenciaram que: os familiares atribuíram mais importância à necessidades de suporte, de proximidade e de informação; não existia uma relação estatisticamente significativa entre as variáveis sociodemográficas e as necessidades dos familiares do doente internado numa UCI e o seu Bem-Estar Psicológico; existia uma correlação positiva estatisticamente significativa entre as necessidades dos familiares do doente crítico em UCI e a idade, sendo que, quanto mais idade dos familiares, mais elevada é a perceção das necessidades; conjugando as variáveis necessidades dos familiares em função do nível de escolaridade, constatamos que existe uma correlação negativa estatisticamente significativa
The hospitalization of a family member in a critical situation in an intensive care unit was a situation that fostered feelings of uncertainty about the patient's present and future, as well as altering the family's life expectancy. Thus, nurses must assess the needs of the family so that they can provide quality care to the patient and their family members in order to minimize problems resulting from illness and hospitalization. In this sense, a cross-sectional, correlational study was developed with a quantitative approach in order to reach the following objectives: to evaluate the Needs and the psychological well-being of the Relatives of the critical patient in an ICU; analyze the relationship between the Needs and the Psychological Well-Being of the relatives of the critical patient in an ICU; analyze the Psychological Needs and Well-being according to gender, age, marital status and level of schooling of family members of patients hospitalized in an ICU. The non-probabilistic sample consisted of 92 relatives of patients hospitalized in an intensive care unit of a hospital in the north of Portugal. For the data collection, the Critical Care Family Needs Inventory (CCNFI) scale was used adapted for the Portuguese population by Campos (2014) and the Psychological - Reduced Wellbeing (QBEP-R) questionnaire developed by Rainho et al. (2012). The results showed that: family members attributed more importance to support, proximity and information needs; there was no statistically significant relationship between the sociodemographic variables and the needs of the relatives of patients admitted to an intensive care unit and their Welfare Psychological; there was a statistically significant positive correlation between the needs of the critical patient's family members in intensive care unit and the age, and the older the family members, the higher the perceived need; conjugating the variables of family needs according to educational level, we find that there is a statistically significant negative correlation.
The hospitalization of a family member in a critical situation in an intensive care unit was a situation that fostered feelings of uncertainty about the patient's present and future, as well as altering the family's life expectancy. Thus, nurses must assess the needs of the family so that they can provide quality care to the patient and their family members in order to minimize problems resulting from illness and hospitalization. In this sense, a cross-sectional, correlational study was developed with a quantitative approach in order to reach the following objectives: to evaluate the Needs and the psychological well-being of the Relatives of the critical patient in an ICU; analyze the relationship between the Needs and the Psychological Well-Being of the relatives of the critical patient in an ICU; analyze the Psychological Needs and Well-being according to gender, age, marital status and level of schooling of family members of patients hospitalized in an ICU. The non-probabilistic sample consisted of 92 relatives of patients hospitalized in an intensive care unit of a hospital in the north of Portugal. For the data collection, the Critical Care Family Needs Inventory (CCNFI) scale was used adapted for the Portuguese population by Campos (2014) and the Psychological - Reduced Wellbeing (QBEP-R) questionnaire developed by Rainho et al. (2012). The results showed that: family members attributed more importance to support, proximity and information needs; there was no statistically significant relationship between the sociodemographic variables and the needs of the relatives of patients admitted to an intensive care unit and their Welfare Psychological; there was a statistically significant positive correlation between the needs of the critical patient's family members in intensive care unit and the age, and the older the family members, the higher the perceived need; conjugating the variables of family needs according to educational level, we find that there is a statistically significant negative correlation.
Descrição
Dissertação de Mestrado em Enfermagem da Pessoa em Situação Crítica
Palavras-chave
Unidade de Cuidados Intensivos , Familiar , Cuidador , Necessidades