Treino Multicomponente: o efeito de um programa de treino de força na aptidão física e funcional em mulheres idosas
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2019-07-23
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O envelhecimento é um fenómeno natural, irreversível e progressivo. Está fortemente associado à diminuição das capacidades físicas e habilidades motoras facilitando, desta forma, o aparecimento de doenças degenerativas, sendo agravado por fatores como o sedentarismo. O treino multicomponente, aplicado no campo da Terceira Idade, nomeadamente, idosas fisicamente ativas, poderá constituir um mecanismo válido no desenvolvimento dos parâmetros antropométricos e das capacidades motoras. O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar o efeito de um programa de treino multicomponente, no desenvolvimento de parâmetros antropométricos e de aptidão física e funcional em mulheres idosas. O estudo desenvolveu-se com quinze idosas, voluntárias, autónomas e independentes, para a realização das atividades de vida diária, com idades compreendidas entre os sessenta e cinco e os noventa e quatro anos. Recorremos a Bateria de Testes do Protocolo de Aptidão Física Funcional de Rikli & Jones (1999) (pré e pós teste). Utilizámos programa SPSS versão 25.0, para Windows. Para as variáveis de anamnese, recorremos à análise descritiva, expressa através da média (x), desvio padrão (±s), ganhos absolutos (Abs.) e percentuais (%). Para comparação, entre o grupo de estudo, nos dois momentos de avaliação, recorremos ao teste-t para amostras emparelhadas. Para a associação entre as variáveis em estudo, no segundo momento de avaliação, recorremos ao coeficiente de correlação Ró de Spearman (r). O nível de significância foi estabelecido em p ≤ 0.05. Concluímos, que o treino multicomponente proporcionou benefícios na aptidão física funcional e na composição corporal das idosas em estudo. Parece-nos fundamental a inclusão, de programas de exercício físico, em indivíduos idosos, para o desenvolvimento das capacidades motoras, de forma a promover a sua capacidade de realização das atividades de vida diária, como também, das tarefas mais complexas e exigentes do quotidiano.
Aging is a natural, irreversible and progressive phenomenon. It is strongly associated with decreased physical abilities and motor skills, thus facilitating the appearance of degenerative diseases, being aggravated by factors such as sedentary lifestyle. Multicomponent training, applied in the field of the Third Age, namely, physically active elderly women, could constitute a valid mechanism in the development of anthropometric parameters and motor abilities. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effect of a multicomponent training program on the development of anthropometric parameters and physical and functional fitness in elderly women. The study was carried out with fifteen elderly women, volunteers, autonomous and independent, to perform activities of daily living, aged between sixty-five and ninety-four years. We used the Functional Physical Fitness Protocol Test Battery developed by Rikli & Jones (1999) (Pre and posttest). For the statistical data analysis we used SPSS software version 25.0, for Windows. For the anamnesis variables, we used the descriptive analysis, expressed through the mean (x), standard deviation (±s), absolute gains (Abs.) and percentages (%). For comparison, between the study groups, at the two moments of evaluation, we used the t-test for paired samples. For the association between the variables under study, at the second moment of evaluation, we used the Spearman's correlation coefficient (r). The level of significance was set at p ≤ 0.05. We concluded that multicomponent training provided benefits in functional physical fitness and body composition of the elderly women under study. It seems fundamental to include physical exercise for the development of motor skills, in its entirety, through multi-component training exercises, with the objective of promoting performance capacity in daily life activities, as well as in tasks with a higher level of demand.
Aging is a natural, irreversible and progressive phenomenon. It is strongly associated with decreased physical abilities and motor skills, thus facilitating the appearance of degenerative diseases, being aggravated by factors such as sedentary lifestyle. Multicomponent training, applied in the field of the Third Age, namely, physically active elderly women, could constitute a valid mechanism in the development of anthropometric parameters and motor abilities. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effect of a multicomponent training program on the development of anthropometric parameters and physical and functional fitness in elderly women. The study was carried out with fifteen elderly women, volunteers, autonomous and independent, to perform activities of daily living, aged between sixty-five and ninety-four years. We used the Functional Physical Fitness Protocol Test Battery developed by Rikli & Jones (1999) (Pre and posttest). For the statistical data analysis we used SPSS software version 25.0, for Windows. For the anamnesis variables, we used the descriptive analysis, expressed through the mean (x), standard deviation (±s), absolute gains (Abs.) and percentages (%). For comparison, between the study groups, at the two moments of evaluation, we used the t-test for paired samples. For the association between the variables under study, at the second moment of evaluation, we used the Spearman's correlation coefficient (r). The level of significance was set at p ≤ 0.05. We concluded that multicomponent training provided benefits in functional physical fitness and body composition of the elderly women under study. It seems fundamental to include physical exercise for the development of motor skills, in its entirety, through multi-component training exercises, with the objective of promoting performance capacity in daily life activities, as well as in tasks with a higher level of demand.
Descrição
Dissertação de Mestrado em Ciências do Desporto Especialização em Avaliação e Prescrição na Atividade Física
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Idosa , Treino Multicomponente