Consumo de drogas na adolescência: papel da vinculação e dos traços psicopáticos
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2019-07-19
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A adolescência caracteriza-se por ser uma etapa de procura, descoberta e experimentação, aumentando a vulnerabilidade associada a comportamentos de risco como o consumo de drogas. Existe um vasto leque de informação relativamente ao consumo de drogas, no entanto, verifica-se alguma carência de escalas passíveis de ser usadas em Portugal que avaliem esta dimensão de forma confiável nos adolescentes. O presente estudo visa determinar as propriedades psicométricas de uma escala breve para avaliar o consumo de drogas. A mesma foi desenvolvida por Skinner (1982) na América do Norte e designa-se por Drug Abuse Screening Test (DAST). Trata-se de um instrumento de autorrelato que aborda as diferentes consequências relacionadas com o consumo (sintomas psicológicos e físicos, aspetos sociorelacionais, entre outros). Com vista à análise das propriedades psicométricas do instrumento recorreu-se à Análise Fatorial Confirmatória através da aplicação da versão em português do questionário DAST a uma amostra de 678 adolescentes entre os 12 e os 18 anos de idade na região Norte do país. Os resultados confirmaram o modelo unidimensional (problemas relacionados ao uso de drogas) que foi proposto pelo autor deste instrumento, apresentando valores de χ²/df=2.137; GFI=.99; CFI=.99; RMSEA=.04. Para além disso, a análise da consistência interna indicou um alpha de Cronbach de .76. Concluiu-se que foi possível comprovar as qualidades psicométricas do DAST (versão adolescentes), apresentando este boas características e sendo fiável para a avaliação sobre o consumo de drogas na população portuguesa.
Adolescence presents itself as a stage of search, discovery and experimentation, under a vulnerability associated with risk behaviors such as drug use. There is a vast ladder of information to be used in drugs, in now, to verify some carence of scales passible of uses used in Portugal. The study study evaluated the psychometric properties of a scale for measuring drug use. It was published by Skinner (1982) in North America and designated by the Drug Abuse Screening Test (DAST). It is a self-report instrument that addresses the different consequences related to drug use (psychological and physical symptoms, socio-relational aspects, among others). In order to analyze the psychometric properties of the instrument, we used the Confirmatory Factor Analysis by applying the Portuguese version of the DAST questionnaire to a sample of 678 adolescents between 12 and 18 years of age in the northern region of the country. The results confirmed the unidimensional model (problems related to drug use) that was proposed by the author of this instrument, presenting values of χ²/df = 2.137; GFI =.99; CFI=.99; RMSEA=.04 In addition, the internal consistency analysis indicated a Cronbach's alpha of .76. It was concluded that it was possible to prove the psychometric qualities of the DAST (adolescent version), presenting these good characteristics and being reliable for the evaluation of drug use in the Portuguese population.
Adolescence presents itself as a stage of search, discovery and experimentation, under a vulnerability associated with risk behaviors such as drug use. There is a vast ladder of information to be used in drugs, in now, to verify some carence of scales passible of uses used in Portugal. The study study evaluated the psychometric properties of a scale for measuring drug use. It was published by Skinner (1982) in North America and designated by the Drug Abuse Screening Test (DAST). It is a self-report instrument that addresses the different consequences related to drug use (psychological and physical symptoms, socio-relational aspects, among others). In order to analyze the psychometric properties of the instrument, we used the Confirmatory Factor Analysis by applying the Portuguese version of the DAST questionnaire to a sample of 678 adolescents between 12 and 18 years of age in the northern region of the country. The results confirmed the unidimensional model (problems related to drug use) that was proposed by the author of this instrument, presenting values of χ²/df = 2.137; GFI =.99; CFI=.99; RMSEA=.04 In addition, the internal consistency analysis indicated a Cronbach's alpha of .76. It was concluded that it was possible to prove the psychometric qualities of the DAST (adolescent version), presenting these good characteristics and being reliable for the evaluation of drug use in the Portuguese population.
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Dissertação de Mestrado em Psicologia Clínica