Tendinite do tendão flexor digital superficial de equinos criados em Portugal
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2020-06-16
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As lesões musculoesqueléticas em cavalos de competição afetam com maior frequência os tendões destes, em especial o tendão flexor digital superficial (TFDS), comprometendo a performance do animal ou podendo motivar o fim da sua carreira desportiva. A componente prática da presente dissertação englobou a apresentação da abordagem terapêutica em diferentes casos e respetiva evolução ao longo do tempo, bem como a elaboração e preenchimento de inquéritos epidemiológicos. Este último ponto teve como intuito o estudo do maneio em poldro e a quantidade de exercício no momento da obtenção do diagnóstico de tendinite do TFDS em cavalos criados em Portugal. O estudo realizado tratou-se de um estudo epidemiológico descritivo em nove animais, sendo apresentada a distribuição da frequência de cada uma das componentes possivelmente relacionadas com o aparecimento de tendinite no TFDS. A maioria dos cavalos afetados eram machos. A sua aptidão era, em igual número, ensino e saltos de obstáculos e apenas um dos nove praticava endurance. A média das idades ao aparecimento da lesão no TFDS (lesão na região palmar do terço médio do terceiro osso metacarpiano na grande maioria dos animais) foi igual a sete anos. À data do aparecimento da lesão, sete cavalos encontravam-se na introdução ao exercício/iniciação de modalidade ou a praticar exercício de relativa baixa intensidade. Até ao desmame, a maior parte dos animais encontrava-se em paddock ou box com acesso a paddock e, após o desmame, em paddock. Os animais com possibilidade de realizarem exercício mais tempo por dia (estabulação em paddock) foram, na sua maioria, sujeitos a pisos duros. Os casos clínicos relatados foram diagnosticados com recurso à históriaclínica e exame físico (estático e dinâmico), tendo o diagnóstico definitivo sido obtido por ecografia. Em relação à abordagem terapêutica dos mesmos, na maioria consistiu no seguinte: crioterapia e pomada de dimetilsulfóxido enquanto medidas anti-inflamatórias, repouso e programa de exercício controlado.
Musculoskeletal injuries in racing horses most often affect their tendons, especially the superficial digital flexor tendon (TFDS), compromising the performance of the animal or possibly motivating the end of their sports career. The practical component of this dissertation included the presentation of the therapeutic approach in different cases and their evolution over time, as well as the preparation and completion of epidemiological surveys. This last point was intended to study the foal management and the amount of exercise at the time of obtaining the diagnosis of TFDS tendonitis in horses bred in Portugal. The study carried out was a descriptive epidemiological study in nine animals, showing the frequency distribution of each of the components possibly related to the appearance of tendonitis in the TFDS. Most of the affected horses were males. The disciplines practiced by the animals were, in equal numbers, teaching and jumping, and only one of the nine practiced endurance. The average age at the appearance of the lesion in the TFDS (lesion in the palmar region of the middle third of the third metacarpal bone in the vast majority of animals) was equal to seven years. At the time of the appearance of the injury, seven horses were in the introduction to the exercise / initiation of modality or to practice relatively low intensity exercise. Until weaning, most animals were in a paddock or box with access to a paddock and, after weaning, in a paddock. The animals with the possibility of exercising more time per day (paddock housing) were mostly subjected to hard floors. The reported clinical cases were diagnosed using clinical history and physical examination (static and dynamic), and the definitive diagnosis was obtained by ultrasound. Regarding their therapeutic approach, the majority consisted of the following: cryotherapy and dimethyl sulfoxide ointment as antiinflammatory measures, rest and a controlled exercise program.
Musculoskeletal injuries in racing horses most often affect their tendons, especially the superficial digital flexor tendon (TFDS), compromising the performance of the animal or possibly motivating the end of their sports career. The practical component of this dissertation included the presentation of the therapeutic approach in different cases and their evolution over time, as well as the preparation and completion of epidemiological surveys. This last point was intended to study the foal management and the amount of exercise at the time of obtaining the diagnosis of TFDS tendonitis in horses bred in Portugal. The study carried out was a descriptive epidemiological study in nine animals, showing the frequency distribution of each of the components possibly related to the appearance of tendonitis in the TFDS. Most of the affected horses were males. The disciplines practiced by the animals were, in equal numbers, teaching and jumping, and only one of the nine practiced endurance. The average age at the appearance of the lesion in the TFDS (lesion in the palmar region of the middle third of the third metacarpal bone in the vast majority of animals) was equal to seven years. At the time of the appearance of the injury, seven horses were in the introduction to the exercise / initiation of modality or to practice relatively low intensity exercise. Until weaning, most animals were in a paddock or box with access to a paddock and, after weaning, in a paddock. The animals with the possibility of exercising more time per day (paddock housing) were mostly subjected to hard floors. The reported clinical cases were diagnosed using clinical history and physical examination (static and dynamic), and the definitive diagnosis was obtained by ultrasound. Regarding their therapeutic approach, the majority consisted of the following: cryotherapy and dimethyl sulfoxide ointment as antiinflammatory measures, rest and a controlled exercise program.
Descrição
Dissertação de Mestrado Integrado em Medicina Veterinária
Palavras-chave
Tendinite do tendão flexor digital superficial , lesão